Bangladesh Studies/7094/1

Mir Mosharraf Hossain(1847-1912)

• Birth place- Lahiripara, Kushtia
• Was a novelist, essayist, journalist, playwright, satirist, writer of 19th century
• Started writing at the age of 13/14
• Wrote over 50 years
• Subject of his work- ‘Islamic history and belief’
• Masterpiece- ‘Bishad Sindhu’ about battle of Karbala.
• Autobiography- Amar Jiboni
• Biography- ‘Bibi Kulsum’ about his wife’s life
• Other famous works- Moulud Sharif, Hajrat Omarer Dharmajibon labh, Bibi
Khodejar bibaha, Madinar Gaurab
• wrote satire at first to criticize the wrong of a society
• Two of his famous satires- Udasin pothiker moner kotha, Gazi
Miar Bostani
• Book about cow killing- ‘Gokul Nirmul Ashonka’
• Book on peasant uprising ‘ Zaminder Darpon’
• Was an editor of Azizennehar and Hitakari
• Was a reporter of Sangbad Probhakar and Grambarta
prokashika
• His pseudonym-’Mosha’
• Wrote a text book- ‘ Musalmaner Bangla Shikkha’
• His statue is erected at ‘Bangiyo Shahityo Parishad’ in
Kolkata
 Rabindranath Tagore(1861-1941)
• Birth place- Jorashanko, Kolkata
• Most versatile personality in the world
• Was a writer, philosopher, essayist, social reformer, educationist.
• Learnt physics, maths , history, geography, science, sanskrit, literature,
English , gymnastics, music, art, wrestling.
• He and his family brought Bengal Renaissance
• Started writing at the age of 7
• His first work- ‘Jal Pore Pata Nore’(Rhyms)
• First poem- ‘Abhilash’ was published in Tottobodhini magazine in 1874
• His first book of poem was published at the age of 17 in 1878
• First prose work- ‘Bhanusingher Padavali’
• First autobiographical sketch- ‘Amar Chelebela’
• Twice he was sent to London but came back as did not like the mandatory
life.
• Was given the charge to take care his fathers property at Shelaidah
in Kushtia(Kuthibari)
• Was inspired with the rivers-Padma
• Wrote two books-Sonartori and Golpoguccha during this time
• In 1901, Rabindranath left Silaidah and settled in
Shantiniketan,established a university there- named Rabindra
Varati or Biswa Varati
• Roman Catholic Priest Brahmobandhab Upadhyya called the poet
‘Viswa Kavi.
• From 1902-1905, he lost his wife, daughter, father, son which made
him very sad which was reflected in his poetry, ‘Gitanjali(Song
offerings)(1910)
• He translated these verses into English, for which he got Nobel
prize in 1913 as first Asian.
• Was knighted by King George V of Great Britain in 1915 but
denounced in 1919 due to British attack at Jalianwalabag, Amritsar.
• His special creation- ‘Dance Drama”- Shyama, Chandalika.
• His novels- Dui Bon, Malanch, bouthakuranir hat
• Book of poems- Chaabi O Gaan, Manasi, Mayar Khela
• Started painting at the age of 68
• Got D.Lit. degree from Oxford University in 1940
• Subject of work- nature, philosophy, love, reality, religion, social
reform, patriotism, using colloquial languages, gave rebirth to our
language, introduced new prose and verse forms, used common
language.
• Wrote over 1000 poems. Over 2000 songs, innumerable short
stories, 2 dozen play and playlets, 8 novels, so many books.
• Passed away- 7 August 1941.
 Begum Rokeya(1880-1932)
• Birth place- Pairaband village of Rangpur
• Pioneer of Muslim women education, writer, poet and social
reformer
• Was born in a conservative Muslim society
• Well known as Ruquiya Khatun
• Her elder brother-Ibrahim saber taught her English and Bengali
• Studied English with an English lady
• After her marriage, her husband Syed Shakhwat Hossain, a highly
educated gentle man encouraged her to study English and Bangla
and to continue literary work
• She wrote-stories, poems, essays, novels and satirical writings.
• Her first story- ‘Sultana’s Dream’(1905), which was later translated
into Bangla.
• Other works- Aborodhbasini, Matichur, Padmarag, Gyanphal, Nari
Sristi, Nurse Nelly, Delicia Hatya
• Subject of her works- social prejudices, adverse effect of Purdah
system, women education, women’s right, social repression on
women, tradition of childhood marriage and polygam
• Her first poem ‘saogat’ was published in same named magazine
‘saogat’
• Established one school at Bhagalpur according to her husband’s
name- “Shakhwat Memorial girls high school”
• Established one organization- ‘Anjuman-e-Khwateen –e-Islam’/
‘Muslim women society’ for the destitute women, orphan girls and
widows.
• Rokeya Day-9 December- same date she was born and died.
 • Contribution -Designation
-Subject of work
-Example of work
Achievement/establishment
i. Explain the contribution of following cultural figures shaping
the culture Bangladesh. [8]
• Begum Rokeya[4]
• Mir Mosharraf Hossain[4]
ii.Which one from the above do you prefer mostly and why?[4]

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