MAK311E - SPRING 2021

HOMEWORK #8
(Due 28/05/2021 – 8:30)
* The problem to be graded in this homework.

1. (*) Consider a 20-cm × 60-cm printed

circuit board (PCB) that has electronic
components on one side. The board is
placed in a room at 20°C. The heat loss
from the back surface of the board is
negligible. If the circuit board is dissipating
30 W of power in steady operation,
determine the average temperature of the
hot surface of the board, assuming the board
is
a. vertical,
b. horizontal with hot surface facing
up, and
c. horizontal with hot surface facing
down.

2. Flue gases from an incinerator are released to atmosphere using a stack that is 0.6 m in
diameter and 10.0 m high. The outer surface of the stack is at 40° C and the surrounding air is
at 10° C. Determine the rate of heat transfer from the stack, assuming
a. there is no wind and,
b. the stack is exposed to 20 km/h winds.

3. Flat-plate solar collectors are often tilted up

toward the sun in order to intercept a greater
amount of direct solar radiation. The tilt
angle from the horizontal also affects the
rate of heat loss from the collector. Consider
a 1.5-m-high and 3-m-wide solar collector
that is tilted at an angle θ from the
horizontal. The back side of the absorber is
heavily insulated. The absorber plate and the
glass cover, which are spaced 2.5 cm from
each other, are maintained at temperatures of
80°C and 40°C, respectively. Determine the
rate of heat loss from the absorber plate by
natural convection for θ = 0°, 30°, and 90°.
4. A spherical vessel with a 30.0-cm outside diameter is used as a reactor for a slow endothermic
reaction. The vessel is completely submerged in a large water-filled tank, held at a constant
temperature of 30° C. The outside surface temperature of the vessel is 20° C. Calculate the rate
of heat transfer in steady operation for the following cases:
a. the water in the tank is still,
b. the water in the tank is still (as in a part a), however, the buoyancy force caused by the
difference in water density is assumed to be negligible, and
c. the water in the tank is circulated at an average velocity of 20 cm/s.

5. Consider a 1.2-m-high and 2-m-wide double-pane window consisting of two 3-mm-thick

layers of glass (k = 0.78 W/m·K) separated by a 2.5-cm-wide airspace. Determine the steady
rate of heat transfer through this window and the temperature of its inner surface for a day
during which the room is maintained at 20° C while the temperature of the outdoors is 0° C.
Take the heat transfer coefficients on the inner and outer surfaces of the window to be h1 = 10
W/m2·K and h2 = 25 W/m2·K, and disregard any heat transfer by radiation. Evaluate air
properties at a film temperature of 10° C and 1 atm pressure. Is this a good assumption?