Mathematics 8

Tuesday, Quarter I-Week 5

RECTANGULAR COORDINATE SYSTEM

SCRIPT VISUAL NOTES

1.
Have you ever wondered why airplanes don’t bump each other  Insert texts / pictures
while on air?
Or how weather forecasters track the exact location of typhoons
or hurricanes?
2.
Well, these have something to do with Mathematics because  Insert texts
“MATHEMATICS IS EVERYWHERE”.
3.
Good day GRADE 8 Students.  Insert texts /pictures
Welcome to BAMBOO TELESKWELA.
I am teacher Ryan from Pinoma National High School, your
TEACHER ON AIR.
4.
Stay tuned in 88.5 DWND FM or 1107 DWDY AM. You can
also watch this lesson via CMD CABLE CHANNEL 11 or  Insert texts /pictures
through SDO CAUAYAN Facebook Page.
5.
Before we start our lesson, let me tell you a story about a boy
who lived in France.
6.
Long time ago, there was a boy who often got sick. He always
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lie in his bed.
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One day, while lying in his bed, he saw a fly, flying around the
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ceiling.
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After a few minutes, the fly flew to different places on the
ceiling.
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9.
He wanted to tell his parents where he saw the fly.
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10.
Suddenly, he had an idea.
He drew blue lines from left to right.  Insert texts /pictures
He call them LINE 1, LINE 2, and LINE 3.
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He drew red lines from TOP TO BOTTOM.
They became LINE A, LINE B, and LINE C.  Insert texts /pictures
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The fly moved. He drew stars on its place.
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Then, he told his parents how the fly had moved.
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The fly had moved from (B, 3) to (C, 1).”
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With his smart thinking, the boy came up with a new idea.
A new way to describe the exact location on a map.
16.
And now we call that as the RECTANGULAR
COORDINATE SYSTEM.
17.
Do you know who is that boy?
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That boy is RENE DESCARTES.
The “FATHER OF MODERN MATHEMATICS.”
18.
He conceptualized the RECTANGULAR COORDINATE
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SYSTEM or also called the CARTESIAN PLANE. It was
named after him.
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Today we will explore further the RECTANGULAR
COORDINATE SYSTEM or the CARTESIAN PLANE.
20.
As our guide, we will focus on answering the following
questions:
- What is a rectangular coordinate system?
- What are the different parts of the rectangular coordinate
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system?
21.
- How are points plotted on the Cartesian plane?
- How can the RECTANGULAR COORDINATE SYSTEM
be used in real life?
22.
I think we are now set. Now, let’s try to revisit the horizontal  Insert texts
and vertical number lines.
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What is a number line?
A NUMBER LINE is a straight line with a “zero” point in the
middle, with positive and negative numbers listed on either side
of zero and going on indefinitely.
It can be horizontal or vertical.
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For A. 0
we shade exactly the location of point ZERO.
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For B. +3
since the sign is positive we move three units on the right side
of zero.  Insert texts
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For C. -1
since the sign is negative we move one unit on the left side of  Insert texts
zero. /pictures/animation
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For D. 0  Insert texts
again, we shade the location on point zero. /pictures/animation

28.
For E. -2
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the sign is negative, we move two units down below zero.
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For F. +1
the sign is positive, we move one unit above zero.
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I hope you already recall the steps in plotting points in a
number line.
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Remember:
The number associated with a point on the number line is called /pictures/animation
the coordinate.
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The coordinate of the origin is zero.
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The coordinates of the points to the right of the origin on a
horizontal number line and above the origin on a vertical
number line form the set of positive integers.
34.
The coordinates of the points to the left of the origin on a  Insert texts
horizontal number line and below the origin on a vertical
number line form the set of negative integers.  Insert texts
35.
Vertical and horizontal number lines played an important role
in Rene Descartes’ discovery of the Rectangular Coordinate
System.
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Now, what is a RECTANGULAR COORDINATE
SYSTEM?

37.
Rectangular Coordinate System or also known as Cartesian
plane is a coordinate system composed of two perpendicular
number lines.
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The horizontal and the vertical number lines.
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The horizontal number line is called the 𝑥 – 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠.
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The vertical number line is called the 𝑦 – 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠.
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The intersection of these axes is referred to as the point of
ORIGIN.
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At the origin, the value of x is 0, and the value of y is also 0.  Insert texts
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Moving to the right of x-axis the values increase or positive.
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Moving to the left of the x-axis the values decrease or negative.
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Moving up the y-axis the numbers increase or positive.
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Moving down, the values decrease or negative.
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With this system, any points in a plane can be plotted and be
represented as ordered pair (x,y).
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The x value of the coordinate is called the abscissa and the y
value is called the ordinate.

49.
The two number lines separate the plane into four
QUADRANTS.
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Quadrant I, Quadrant II, Quadrant III and Quadrant IV.
51.
The rotation of the quadrants are counter-clockwise.
52.
Quadrant I, the upper right quadrant.
The value of x is positive, and the value of y is also positive.
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Quadrant II, the upper left quadrant.
x is negative, y is positive.  Insert texts / animation
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Quadrant III, the lower left quadrant.
The value of x and y are both negative.  Insert texts /animation

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Quadrant IV, the lower right quadrant.
x is positive but y is negative.
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56.
AGAIN, Quadrant I - (+, +), Quadrant II - (-, +),
Quadrant III - (-, -) and
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Quadrant IV - (+, -).
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Now let’s try to plot.  Insert texts /animation
58.
Remember, when plotting points in the cartesian plane, we  Insert texts /animation
always start at the point of origin (0, 0).
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Let’s have examples:

60.
Point A with coordinates (1, 0).
The value of x is 1, we move 1 unit to right. Since y is 0, then
there’s no movement upward or downward.
Point A is along the x-axis.
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Point B with coordinates (2, 1).
Move 2 units to the right and 1 unit up.
Point B is in Quadrant I.  Insert texts /animation
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Point C with coordinates (0, 3).
The value of x is zero therefore we do not move from left to
right,
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y is +3 so we move 3 units up.
Point C is along the y-axis.
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Point D (-4, 2)
Move 4 units to the left and 2 units up.
Point D is in Quadrant II.
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Point E (-2, -3)
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x is negative, so move 2 units to the lefty is also negative, so
move 3 units down.
Point E is in Quadrant III.
65.
Point F with coordinates (4, -4).
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Move 4 units to the right and
4 units down.
The location of Point F is in Quadrant IV.
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So those are the steps in plotting points in the cartesian plane.
The cartesian plane allows us to locate the exact location of
points, objects or places.
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67.
RECTANGULAR COORDINATE SYSTEM is actually an
essential tool for travelers and explorers. It can be found in
maps represented as the longitude and latitude.  Insert picture
68.
In our mobile phones, Global Positioning System (GPS) also
uses the concept of horizontal and vertical lines to give us the
exact location or coordinate of the place we are looking for.
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For statisticians, they use graphed trend lines to show important
information such as how business is performing and how profit
can be maximized.
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Cartesian plane are also used for sectioning in archaeology and
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lab biology.
71.
For soldiers, they use precise co-ordinates for each target and in
order for them to locate, they use cartesian plane.
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72.
Now, are you still wondering why airplanes don’t collide while
on air?  Insert picture
It is because AIR TRAFFIC CONTROLLERS are assigning
coordinates to each vehicle in the air in order to know the
geographic boundaries of each aircraft in the sky.
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As for weather forecasters, they are using the latitude and
longitude in tracking the exact locations of typhoons and
hurricanes.

74.
Those are just few of the many uses of the Rectangular
Coordinate System.
 If you will try to observe the things around you, you will surely  Insert texts/animation
find more because MATHEMATICS IS EVERYWHERE!
75.
And that ends our lesson for today!
For mastery of the lesson, you can now answer the different
activities in your module.  Insert texts
I hope you’ve learned something today!
76.
Always remember, COVID 19 is not a hindrance to
learning.
77.
As Rene Descartes said:
“I think, therefore, I am”.
78.
Nothing is impossible as long as you believe!
79.
In COVID 19 be negative but in LIFE be positive.  Insert texts
80.
Once again this is teacher Ryan, your teacher on air!
STAY HOME! STAY SAFE!  Insert texts

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Prepared by:
RYAN C. ENRIQUEZ
Teacher III

Noted by:
MARIBETH S. DELA PEÑA
Secondary School Principal II