INVISTA T400 Core Spun Yarn

Stretching the limits of Stretchability

The Core yarn is one of the most important developments in the textile industry. The use of core yarns is
mainly aimed at improving the strength, comfort, durability, aesthetics, and other functional properties
of the final yarn. It is more like a Genetic engineering where we get the Physical and Chemical properties
of all the components of the yarn.

What is CORE SPUN Yarn?

Core yarn consists of two components, one form the core of the yarn and
the other is the wrapping part, better known as the sheath. Continuous
multifilament yarn is generally used as a core while cotton staple fibbers
are used to cover the filaments.

Core spun yarns have improved characteristics over 100% cotton yarn or
100% filament yarns. It is also preferred over blended staple spun yarn in
terms of strength and comfort. Extra ordinary improvements in durability
and aesthetic properties are also observed in core spun yarn compared to
cotton spun yarn. As the cotton is wrapped over polyester filament,
improvements were observed in yarn properties like moisture absorption,
heat resistance, air permeability, and depth of shade in dyeing compared to
synthetic yarns.

Characteristics of CORE SPUN yarns

Core Spun yarns are proved to be better than 100% Cotton as well as 100% Filament yarns. As it is a
blend, it behaves with characters of both the core and the wrapped yarn. Such yarns can be made
customized according to the end use of it.

For example:

1- The core can be a POLYESTER filament and cotton wrapped, where we need some high tensile
strength.
a. It will have greater Tensile Strength.
b. It will have better dye ability and sharper and dense colours than the Filament yarn.
c. It will have better Moisture Regain, thus it will be much more comfortable in wearing.

2- The core can be an ELASTIC filament, where we need elastic character to the yarn.
a. It will add elasticity to the yarn.
b. Normally the Elastic materials are not dyeable, but it will be dyed like other yarns.
c. It will have better lustre and feel.
INVISTA T400 Core Spun Yarns:
INVISTA™ introduced the LYCRA T400 fibre brand at the Expo-protection Fair in Paris. This was one of
the most extra ordinary achievement and upgrade for the high performance protective garment
industry. Initially it was introduced in 2001, in Denim market, reforming many things in comfortable
fashion wear. Lycra was used for bringing the elastic behaviour to the garment initially, but there were
some drawbacks and limitation of Lycra, which were overcame by the new fibre.

When this brilliant filament yarn was used as a core in Core spun yarns, it gave same really brilliant
results. Its use in different apparel industries is a proof of its extra ordinary nature. It is being used in
Denim industry, Woven and knitted shirts, Swimwear, Outerwear, dancewear etc.

What is INVISTA T400:

T400 fibre is comprised of two different polymers which are joined together within each strand. The
difference in shrinkage between these two polymers gives a smooth, helical crimp like a spring. Crimp is
intensified during the drying and finishing process when the fibre is exposed to heat. The result of this is
that the fabric and garment have stretch and recovery properties far more superior to those made from
other yarns. Garment maintains their shape for a fit that consumers can count on.

PROPERTIES OF T400 CORE SPUN YARNS

T400 Core Spun Yarns prove there extra ordinary behaviour at each point from fibre till made up.

T400 Core Spun Yarn in Weaver perspective

T400 Core Spun Yarns can be used as filling in the weaving process. It depends upon the final required
stretch in the garment. It can be used in Warp or Weft or in both directions, depending upon the stretch
required. Following are few of the benefits of this yarn which totally rank it among the best options for
Elastic behaviour in the fabric.
 - No heat setting is required for this.
- No separate feeding devices required
- It can be woven similar to other rigid fabrics
- It shows high production efficiency

T400 Core Spun Yarn in Dyeing perspective

There are certain edges of T400 over normal Elastane, hence it has much more affinity to be dyed. Its
following behaviours separate it from the normal elastic yarns.

- Its chlorine resistant behaviour proves it excellent in Pre processes of dyeing, like bleaching etc.
It definitely retain its strength and characteristics even in very harsh treatments
- It is dyeable with disperse dyes. Hence giving deep colours and much easier colour matching in
dyeing process
- 100% cotton yarn when subjected to the application of chemical finishes, it shows lower
strengths.T400 cotton covered yarn can be combined with different chemical finishes without
any difficulties and when required at any stage.

T400 Core Spun Yarn in Garment perspective

Different categories of Garments have different kind of uses for this extra ordinary Yarn. Sportwear,
Outerwear, Swimwear, Athletic wear, Workwear, Fashion Wear etc. All the categorise said, have there
purpose supported by this yarn.

Elastic Retention

In fashion industry, there are innovation every day and things are upgrading on daily basis. State of the
art fabric, extra ordinary fine makings are the compulsory parts. Now in the present time, beside all the
said feature of a good fashion garment, there is a sabotaged proverb said by a Garmentarian

“ALL WELL THAT FITS WELL”

Due to its excellent retention and recovery properties, it is used for the garments like Denim jeans and
woven Knitted shirts. Due to its dyeing characters and excellent hand feel and drape, added with the
stretch and settling according to the curves of the body is making it a vital component of the fashion
wear.

Normal Elastane doesn’t hold its shape much long and after the laundering and other processes, the
certainly loses its shape and structure making it saggy. On the other hand T400 Core spun yarn based
garments hold its structure even after 50 industrial washes (proved by Research)

Dyeability

There is a change of fashion after every month and there are new things coming over attracting you.
Season changes, colour changes. Light colours for summers, Dark colours for winters. There are certain
limitations with normal elastane. It never get dyed and is shown as a separate shining strand in the
fabric. It appears as a shiny line in the fabric which is sometime not acceptable.

T400 Core spun based garments are dyed which give denser colours and no problem of shiny line in it.

Low Shrinkage and Growth

There is a certain problem with normal elastane i.e. shrinkage. The fabrics shrink a lot that it is difficult
to control its structure and it gets much more difficult in making garments with such behaviour. T400CSY
has proved to be extra ordinarily better. Neither it neither shrink badly, nor it loses its shape after
laundering.

Tensile Strength

Stretch garments must have a feature of sustaining pressure at different areas of the body with high
pressure points. The CSY with T400 has much better Tensile strength than the normal elastane
garments.
Washing fastness & Pilling Resistance

T400 CSY garments don’t look worn torn even after so many uses and washes. They have much better
aesthetic looks than compared to normal yarn. Due to its dye affinity, it gives a rating of “3” or higher
while testing for Pilling and washing fastness dry or wet.

Breathability

Normal synthetic yarns don’t show breathability, thus are not supportive to good perspiration of the
body when wore. This character is intensely required in the Sportwear and Workwears. Following are
some points really vital for the said types of garments:

- Optimum heat and moisture regulation

- Good air and water vapour permeability
- Rapid moisture absorption and conveyance capacity
- Absence of dampness
- Rapid drying to prevent catching cold
- Low water absorption of the layer of clothing just positioned to the skin

A good garment should not absorb water and get damp and heavy to carry. Like cotton, as it absorbs
water and become heavier. Also it has a character of cooling which may cause chilling of the user.
On the other hand, polyester has the character not to get drenched, but it doesn’t allow water to pass
and hence fell really uncomfortable.
T400 CSY has the character of passing air through it and work as the capillary action required in the
breathing of the garment. It makes it breathable and maintain all the above written characters in a
garment.

Washing Effects

T400 CSY allow us to get different washing effects as required on the Denims. Its chlorine resistant
nature and wrinkle less structure allows us to get the best fashion application over the garment.
T400 Core Spun Yarn in Consumer Perspective

While choosing any garment for ourselves, we consider the following things:

- It should Fit according to our body shape

- It should have a good hand feel
- It should depreciate less, lasting longer
- Human friendly and Comfortable

In our daily routine, our clothes have to move with us, exposed to light, encounter rain, snagging occurs
etc. The garment should be of such a kind that it should support all of our motions and body
movements. For that we try to choose such fabrics and such designs which support these according to
oneself.

T400 CSY based garments have certain characters upon which a designer can base its designs which will
get attracted at the first glance. There is a small graphical description below showing how our garment
has to deal with our daily routine.

Stress Points (Thighs)

Rubbing point

(Between legs)

Worn point (Knee)

CAD By Raheem
The Stress point has to bear all the stretch and the expansion of muscles during walking, sitting, riding a
bike etc. A good fabric containing T400 CSY can bear the stress and can stretch and then retain its shape
back after relaxation.

Rubbing point like inside of our legs is continuously under abrasive action and the fabric is rubbing each
other. The fabric with T400 CSY has a very good anti pilling tendency which avoid pilling and hence show
long lasting face and less worn as compared to other fabrics.

Worn Point like at knee area, is most often subjected to contact with different metals, wood, flooring
etc. T400 CSY has higher Tensile strength making it durable for any such kind of exposure.

A consumer has the concept that the garment should last its shape and colour and feel even after many
washes and uses. T400 CSY filled yarn surely serve the purpose.

Testimonials from the Users worldwide:

Klopman International, a leading manufacturer of workwear, protective wear and casual apparel
fabrics, with more than a decade of experience in ‘stretch-and-recover’ technology, is introducing new
fabrics with LYCRA T400 fibre.

Anette Helleberg from Klopman Marketing Services said, “Fabrics with LYCRA T400 fibre provide stretch
along with moisture management, helping keep the wearer cool and dry. ‘Style with practicality’ is the
key element of our fabric collections for corporate image wear as they create fresh ways to express an

Spanish weaver Quirzetex was a pioneer in developing XFIT LYCRA fabrics for the jobwear market.
LYCRA T400 fibre is incorporated into both the warp and weft, allowing these fabrics to stretch and
recover in all directions. Quirzetex is developing a range of different weights and patterns for XFIT
LYCRA fabrics with LYCRA T400 fibre and high tenacity polyamide

Jordi Riera, General Manager of Quirzetex Seva, S.L. said, “We are excited to use LYCRA T400 fibre due
to its unique properties and versatility in fabric designs. At Quirzetex, we believe that the jobwear
market tends to favour stretch fabrics that perform according to market demands.”

Schoeller-works, a new division of Schoeller Switzerland, is completely dedicated to the specific needs
of the workwear sector. Committed to providing high-tech fabrics with innovative technologies, the
company uses LYCRA T400 fibre to offer comfort and stretch to garments with excellent recovery
functions.

Antonio A. Gatti, Business Unit Manager at schoeller-works,said, “We ultimately recommend soft-shell
fabrics as they are extremely breathable, lightweight, hardwearing, water and wind resistant. The
stretch fabric provides a ‘next to skin’ comfort whilst responding almost imperceptibly to movement
thanks to LYCRA T400 fibre.”