13/06/2021 Cambridge Apostles - Wikipedia

Cambridge Apostles
The Cambridge Apostles (also known as Conversazione Society) is an intellectual society at the
University of Cambridge founded in 1820 by George Tomlinson, a Cambridge student who went on to
become the first Bishop of Gibraltar.[1]

The origin of the Apostles' nickname dates from the number, twelve, of their founders. Membership
consists largely of undergraduates, though there have been graduate student members, and members
who already hold university and college posts. The society traditionally drew most of its members
from Christ's, St John's, Jesus, Trinity and King's Colleges.

Activities and membership

The society is essentially a discussion group. Meetings are held once a week, traditionally on Saturday
evenings, during which one member gives a prepared talk on a topic, which is later thrown open for
discussion.

The usual procedure was for members to meet at the rooms of those whose turn it was to present the
topic. The host would provide refreshments consisting of coffee and sardines on toast, called
"whales".[2] Women first gained acceptance into the society in the 1970s.

The Apostles retain a leather diary of their membership ("the book") stretching back to its founder,
which includes handwritten notes about the topics on which each member has spoken. It is included
in the so-called "Ark", which is a cedar chest containing collection of papers with some handwritten
notes from the group's early days, about the topics members have spoken on, and the results of the
division in which those present voted on the debate. It was a point of honour that the question voted
on should bear only a tangential relationship to the matter debated. The members referred to as the
"Apostles" are the active, usually undergraduate members; former members are called "angels".
Undergraduates apply to become angels after graduating or being awarded a fellowship. Every few
years, amid great secrecy, all the angels are invited to an Apostles' dinner at a Cambridge college.
There used to be an annual dinner, usually held in London.

Undergraduates being considered for membership are called "embryos" and are invited to "embryo
parties", where members judge whether the student should be invited to join. The "embryos" attend
these parties without knowing they are being considered for membership. Becoming an Apostle
involves taking an oath of secrecy and listening to the reading of a curse, originally written by Apostle
Fenton John Anthony Hort, the theologian, in or around 1851.

Former members have spoken of the lifelong bond they feel toward one another. Henry Sidgwick, the
philosopher, wrote of the Apostles in his memoirs that "the tie of attachment to this society is much
the strongest corporate bond which I have known in my life."

Bertrand Russell and G. E. Moore joined as students, as did John Maynard Keynes, who invited
Ludwig Wittgenstein to join. Russell had been worried that Wittgenstein would not appreciate the
group's unseriousness and style of humour.[3] He was admitted in 1912 but resigned almost
immediately because he could not tolerate the level of the discussion on the Hearth Rug (he also had
trouble tolerating the discussions in the Moral Sciences Club). He rejoined in the 1920s when he
returned to Cambridge.

References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_Apostles 1/2
13/06/2021 Cambridge Apostles - Wikipedia

1. W. C. Lubenow, The Cambridge Apostles 1820-1914, Cambridge University Press, 1999.

2. Brookfield, Frances Mary. The Cambridge "Apostles", C. Scribner's Sons, 1907 (https://archive.or
g/details/cambridgeapostl00broogoog/page/n230)
3. McGuinness, Brian. Wittgenstein: A Life: Young Ludwig 1889-1921. University of California Press,
1988, p. 118.

Bibliography
Allen, Peter (1978). The Cambridge Apostles: The Early Years (https://archive.org/details/cambrid
geapostle0000alle). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-21803-0.
Deacon, Richard (1986). The Cambridge Apostles: A History of Cambridge University's Elite
Intellectual Secret Society (https://archive.org/details/cambridgeapostle0000deac). Farrar, Straus
and Giroux. ISBN 978-0-374-11820-4.
Levy, Paul (1980). Moore: G. E. Moore and the Cambridge Apostles (https://archive.org/details/mo
ore00paul). Holt, Rinehart and Winston. ISBN 978-0-03-053616-8.

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