Midterm Vlog Quiz

Rubrics: 50 pts
 Content / accuracy and validity of facts 35 pts
 Presentation 10 pts
 Punctuality (on time submission) 5 pts

File Name:
PGCMVQ1 Space Surname Section
PGCMVQ1 Damole BSHM 3-2
Note:
 This is Vlog type.
 All I want to know is how you think, and I am more on the content.
 Do not stress yourself with hi tech fancy edit, simple video recording from your cellphone will do if you do not have resources for editing.
 Be creative, resourceful, and sharp in your analysis.

Answer the following questions through vlog. Answers should be precise and concise. Cite sources.

Intro: Good day everyone, I am Kristel Joy E. Nietes from BSIT 1-2. For today's video, I will answer the six questions and do
my best to explain them briefly. Come and join me as I discussed the different topics involved. So, let us start!
*LETS GO*

1. So first, let us talk about the DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE STATE AND THE NATION.
According to the module of Politics, Governance, and Citizenship, the state is a political concept while the nation is
an ethnic concept. Did you get it? It is a short and easy-to-remember definition, right?.
A State is a political concept.
A Nation is an ethnic concept.
So, let me explain briefly to you how these two words differ from each other. When we say the state is a political
concept, it is more on territory and control in a community. As Rosenberg stated, he defined the state as a territory with its
own institutions and populations. It simply states that a state is an area that is considered and supposed to be an organized
political community with its permanent boundaries and territories use and inhabited by the people and governed by a single
government. The state has four essential elements that we should remember; I call it PeTeGoSo for easy remembering.
o Pe - for People - the inhabitants, or citizens of the state
o Te - for Territory - the boundary or area of land governed by a state and permanently occupied by people.
o Go - for government - the governing body of the state.
o So - for Sovereignty - the absolute and ultimate power or authority that governs a sovereign state.
It is easy to memorize. Right? Again, the four elements of a state are PeTeGoSo. People, Territory, Government, and
Sovereignty.
The term state refers to the geographical portions of sovereign states that have their own government. So, generally,
a state does not depend on any other neighborhood state because every state is independent, which means it has its own
government that manages, controls, and rules each state's people and territories.
On the other hand, a nation is an ethnic concept - it covers more on the cultural and identity-based as stated by
Quilop. Always keep in mind that a nation is a group of people who lived in the same territory - these people are shared and
connected by the same cultural background and some other shared characteristics.
In line with this, Hasa upholds and strengthens this definition of a nation. Which nation is a group of people linked
together by their shared origins, histories, cultural norms, ethnic background, or language. Additionally, the concept of nation
has several formed factors but does not totally important, unlike the four essential factors of state.
 THE SHARED
 race,
 language,
 culture,
 history, and
 territory
are only a few of the nation's characteristics or factors.
But, as I stated earlier, for example a nation can exist even without a territory, yet love and respect for a shared
region can be the potential to bring and bind people together. Therefore, the said factors are contributing to the formation of a
country are not necessarily consistent because the nation continues to evolve and develop as time passes by.
Overall, please bear in mind that the main difference between state and nation is that a state is a legal and political
entity, whereas a nation is a socio-cultural institution.
A state cannot consider and absolutely called a state if there is an absence of one of the essential four factors of
state. While a nation can duly exist even in the absence of several factors.
Here are the main points of the DIFFERENCES BETWEEN STATE AND NATION.

STATE
 Independent political
entity with organized and
fixed geographic
boundaries
 Refers to territory
 Political and legal entity
or concept
 United by laws, and
regulations
 Cannot exist without
sovereignty and power
NATION
 Refers to the group of
people linked by common
origin, history, culture, or
language
 Refers to group of people
 Socio cultural entity, ethnic
concept
 United by common and
shared cultural
backgrounds
 Can exist without
sovereignty

2. Next, let us proceed to DIFFERENTIATE THE STATE AND GOVERNMENT.

But before that, I have a question, "HAVE YOU EVER WONDER THAT CAN A STATE EXIST WITHOUT A
GOVERNMENT AND A GOVERNMENT CAN EXIST WITHOUT A STATE?"
In this part, I will be going to explain to you how these two differ from each other. And, mentioned questions will be
going to answer as we continue. As I said in the first topic, the state is a political concept or entity. It is a centralized political
society or community governed by a single form of government. Along with this, the state in other definition given by Hasa
from the website of pedia.com refers to a community, society, or group of people living on the same ground and following the
same rules and laws implemented and governed by the single government or administration.
Did you get it? Always remember a state is an organized political and legal entity.

However, the government is defined in the module as merely a tool for expressing the state's intentions. When we
heard the word government, the first thing that comes to our mind is the person or people that lead a community, state, or
nation. And yes, we are right! Conforming to Hasa, the website of pedia.com defined the term government is as a group of
individuals who were given the responsibility and authority to govern or administer a country or state.
 Did you get it? Okay, in other words, the government exists among the national, regional, and local levels to maintain
peace and order on each level and to build an organized society, which means the government per level has the responsibility
to create and implement laws that the citizens need to follow.
Also, the government has three primary duties, and I called it MCA for easy to recall - Maintaining, Creating, and
Addressing.
 First, maintaining the current laws implemented, such as making sure that the laws are strictly implemented and
followed by the people regardless of the social status.
 Second, creating or proposing a new law that can help improve the community, state, or nation.
 Third, addressing the community, state, or nation's issue to maintain peace and order.
Now, let's go back to the questions I asked before I start, can a state exist without a government? The answer is NO
a state cannot exist if the government is not present. As I mentioned earlier, the four essential factors of state must be present
such as government to called as a state.
How about a government can exist without a state? My answer is YES! It can exist even without the state in it
because a government may change as time passes, or in short, the government is only temporary.
Here are the main points of the DIFFERENCES BETWEEN STATE AND GOVERNMENT.

STATE GOVERNMENT
 Refers to a system by which
 Organized political
community, state, or nation
community lived under one
is being controlled and
government.
managed.

 Is permanent  Is temporary

 Uses the government to

 Controls the state for a
obtain and employs its
certain period of time.
power.
 Refers to group of people or
 An intangible and non-
individual that governs and
physical political entity
leads.
 Cannot exist without its
 Can exist without a state.
government.

3. Next, let us proceed to DIFFERENTIATE THE STATE AND GOVERNMENT.

Now, do you know how important to have citizenship in our 1987 Philippine Constitution? Like, what are the benefits
that we can acquire by gaining citizenship?
I have researched this to validate my belief and opinion. Since the word citizens refer to complete participants of the
political community because we have basic rights. Therefore, citizenship is an individual‘s right and position as a self-
governing entity.
Now, citizenship in the Philippines is a political ideology that might pass on to their children and grandchildren. Thus,
acquiring citizenship under the 1987 Philippine Constitution protect the individual's rights. As I researched this topic, I came up
with the Slideshare uploaded by Riz Mercado, where she discussed the importance of Philippine Citizenship. Let me
elaborate it to you, being a Filipino citizen brings a lot of benefits to our life such as
A naturalized or naturalized citizen has the freedom to:
 participate in retail commerce, or build a business,
 purchase private land,
 vote and engage in elections - at the local or national level, or any other political activities,
 Being Filipino citizens, we are protected by the law and the government, even if we are outside the country. For me,
this is the essence of acquiring citizenship, for our safety and freedom from others. Also, people acquire Filipino Citizen can
and have the right to participate and involve in government positions that they are qualified.
I believe that gaining citizenship under our constitution makes us qualified for the rights, as stated in the Bill of
Rights: Article III of the Philippine Constitution.
As stated in Section 1, no person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor shall
any person be denied the equal protection of the laws.

4. We are half in our discussion, now let us discuss the TYPE OF GOVERNMENT THAT WE HAVE IN OUR COUNTRY -
the Philippines.
According to the 1987 Philippine Constitution written in the Article II Declaration of Principles and State Policies,
Section 1, The Philippines is a democratic and republican State. Sovereignty resides in the people, and all government
authority emanates from them. 
The Philippines is under a republican state where the government is divided into three: 
 Executive - carry out the law and refers to the president and the vice presidents, includes the appointed cabinet
members of the president.
 Legislative - authorized to make laws, change or modify laws, and abolish or cancel laws. This is divided into the
senate and the house of representatives.
 Judicial Departments - the power to evaluate laws it  has the authority to resolve disputes concerning legally
demandable and constitutional rights. It consists of a Supreme Court and lower courts.
The government's primary responsibility is stated in the 1987 Philippine Constitution written in the Article II
Declaration of Principles and State Policies, Section 4, to serve and protect the people. And so, that's the reason why we are
a democratic country, where people have the right and freedom to choose government officials and express thoughts about
the government's performance or any other national issues. Also, we have elections every six years to elect a president and
representatives who represent their best and good interests in the nation. With that, we - the Filipino citizens have the voice
on how our country is governed. 
Our government ensures the nation's wealth and independence by promoting a democratic and dynamic political
order. Also, respect the dignity of every human being and ensures full observance of human rights.
Overall, the people of the Philippines hold the power to vote and elect government officials that will govern and
manage the country that ensures and promote the rights, freedom, and welfare of the whole nation. 

5. Almost there! Keep in touch for more knowledgeable information. Now, let us proceed to the state's responsibilities. I have
here two questions that will be discussed and explain the state's duty, especially to Informal settlers and relocations.
First, CAN THE STATE ACQUIRE THE PROPERTIES WHERE THE INFORMAL SETTLERS ARE LOCATED?
For me, it's a Yes. I believe the government can take the place where the informal settlers exist and live, as long as
the government has a paper with the agreement with the law. According to the 1987 Philippine Constitution in Article 13,
Section 10, Urban or rural poor dwellers shall not be evicted nor their dwellings demolished, except in accordance with law
and in a just and humane manner. With this, poor people living in the cities or rural areas are cannot forcibly be removed from
the place where they live or demolished their homes without taking up into a legal process. Also, the government that wants to
acquire territory or an area of the informal settlers must provide a relocation site that promotes and supports the rights of
every Filipino family.
 Second, IS IT THE OBLIGATION OF THE STATE TO RELOCATE THEM?
Yes! I also believe that the state must relocate people to areas where informal settlers were located. According to the
1987 Philippine Constitution in Article 13, Section 9, the state shall, by law, and for the common good, undertake, in
cooperation with the public sector, a continuing program of urban land reform and housing which will make available at
affordable cost decent housing and basic services to underprivileged and homeless citizens in urban centers and
resettlements areas. It shall also promote adequate employment opportunities to such citizens. In the implementation of such
a program, the state shall respect the rights of small property owners. With this, informal settlers can now have an affordable
and safe home to stay and live with. One example is how the Manila City government handled the issue of Manila Bay
Rehabilitation 200 thousands of families were affected. The city government then decided to create a rehabilitation project in
2019 for the informal settlers affected by the Manila Bay Rehabilitation in 2018. As I said earlier, the state must protect and
serve the people. Therefore, the state must provide a relocation site before demolishing or taking away the homes of
thousands of families. Also, the state should follow and take up in a legal way to protect the rights of every individual.

6. And finally, we will be going to discuss WHAT THE DOCTRINE OF INTERGENERATION MEANS. As I read the Case of
Oposa vs. Factoran, where the Doctrine of Intergeneration talks through, in which explained the concept of intergenerational
responsibility and intergenerational justice. The two mentioned ideas talk about the present and succeeding generations'
rights to balance and preserve our environment, along with the numerous responsibilities and obligations as members of the
present and future generation. Following the Doctrine of Intergeneration, in the concept of intergenerational responsibility,
balancing and protecting include rhythm and harmony of the environment, conservation of the forest, mineral, land, waters,
wildlife, and other natural resources are equally available to the present and future generations. Therefore, the Doctrine of
Intergeneration states that the current generation of humans is considered to be both beneficiaries and protectors of the
environmental legacy left by the previous generations.

LASTLY, DOES THE CURRENT AND PAST ADMINISTRATION HAS BEEN TRYING ITS BEST FOR ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT IN RELATION TO GOOD GOVERNANCE?
Personally, I can see that the current and past administration is trying their best for Economic Development in
relation to good governance. There are just a lot of loopholes that hinder both administrations in attaining and meeting good
governance.
But for now, especially in our current administration, I can presume that they are not duly focusing on Economic
Developing concerning good governance. Millions of Filipinos are out of work, and food costs are rising while the
government's debt increases, Duterte's administration fails to meet its goals.
According to Pilar Manuel of CNN Philippines, last year, the Philippine economy dropped by -9.5 percent, the lowest
level since 1946, when the government started tracking full-year economic development. It's expected that the recovery of the
Philippine economy is sluggish and weak because of the continuous and disturbing increase in COVID-19 cases plus the
implemented quarantine protocols that hinder in re-gaining the economic powerhouses.
I believe that it's because of the poor, slow, and ineffective response of the government at the start of the surge of
the virus. If our government truly cares about the nation's welfare and acts immediately, this will not happen and last long as it
is now at least, it will lessen the impact of the pandemic on our economic growth.

And that's all for today's video. I hope you learned a lot.
Thank you for watching! I am hoping for your continuous exploring and learning of new things.
Bye!!! Keep safe, and God bless!