Name: Diah Aprilisia

Student’s ID: 180203194

Midterm English Language Assessment

Reflective Report: Designing Multiple Choice Question

Before making a reflective report on designing multiple choice questions, I want to explain a
little about the system of multiple choice questions. Multiple-choice questions effectively
assess student learning because they are flexible, relatively easy to apply and assess, and
allow the instructor to sample multiple course materials. In designing or selecting multiple
choice questions for assessment, instructors can take steps to ensure that questions are an
accurate and reliable measure of student achievement.

Student background:

Designing multiple questions for elementary school level students, the material used is the
Reading Test. The time given to answer the test is 20 minutes (students can do 2 minutes per
question). The difficulty level of the multiple choice questions given is the easy level.
Because for elementary school level, it's not too difficult. In this report, the aim is to see the
students' ability in answering the reading test.

1. Do multiple items have appropriate distractor? Is it too easy or too difficult?

2. Is the difficulty level of each item appropriate for your student?

3. Do the sum of the items and the test a whole adequately the learning objectives?

Multiple items have an appropriate distractor, but the level of the questions is easy. There are
a few distractions so students have to be more careful in answering the exam. In multiple
choice, there is a question with four answer choices. In which the four choices have a 50:50
probability, two answer choices that are close to correct and the correct answer; two more
wrong answers.
Item Analysis of Test

A good test should also be good at its item analysis, that is some rather simple statistical ways
of checking individual items. Brown (2004:58-60) stated that, “there are three main
components of item analysis, they are: difficulty level, discriminating power and the
effectiveness of the distractor.

 Level of Difficulty
An effective and good test should have the items that belong to moderate level. The
item that is too easy or difficult potentially weaken the quality of the test and the valid
data of information about students achievement will not be acquired.

 Discrimination Power
Brown (2004:59) stated that, discriminating power is the extent to which an item
differentiates between high and low test-takers. Sudijono (2012:387) stated that,
Discriminating basically is calculated based on classification into two groups, higher
and lower group.

 Distractor Analysis
The last concentration of item analysis activity is the effectiveness of distractor. It is
a procedure specifically related to the multiple choice item. Distractor function to
divert students from the correct answer if they do not know which is correct. Sudijono
(2012:411) stated that, to determine whether a distractor 17 was able to work
effectively if the distractors have been chosen at least by 5% of all test participants.
The effectiveness of distractor analysis provides the information about how successful
a distractor has diverted students who have not studied well from the correct answer.

Strength Multiple-Choice Items

1. Flexibility in assessing cognitive abilities at various levels.

2. Allow for a diverse range of material and objectives.
3. Provide extremely dependable test results.
4. Can be scored fast and correctly by a machine.

5. When compared to true-false items, the guessing factor is lower.

Multiple-Choice Item Limitations

1. Construction is difficult and time-consuming.

2. Rely on the student's reading abilities and the instructor's ability to write.
3. The ease with which teachers may write low-level knowledge items encourages them
to overlook creating things that measure higher-level thinking.
4. It's possible that it'll inspire people to make educated guesses.

Here's the process of writing multiple choice questions that I did:

1. Write the stem (problem or question)

When writing a stem, the stem should be a single, stand-alone problem that uses the main
idea in the question itself. And I make sure the questions are relevant to the learning
objectives, namely the reading test. A stem should avoid trick question.

2. Then write the correct answer

When writing an answer, make sure it is concise and clear. Make sure the correct answer
choice really stands out, avoid other answer choices showing an almost correct answer.

3. Writing Distractors

At the time of writing the distractor, I encountered some difficulties because each of the
distractor's answer choices had to make sense to the student taking the test. And also make
sure the distractor is grammatically correct.

4. Distribute the correct answer choices at random, not all the same for each question.

5. Most important thing is to make sure all the questions that have been taught to students.
Remember that our goal is to create an environment in which all students can learn and
participate, and we should develop a toolbox of your own strategies to help you achieve that
goal. Assess what information we're seeking to obtain before deciding on the type of question
to ask, and make sure we set aside enough time to create good question.
Level: Elementary School

Objective test.

Questions 1-2 are based on the following text.

Announcement

To all students, I want to announce that on the Monday, 6 March 2017. We will be held the
painting competition in the school hall at 07.00 until 10.00. Don't forget to bring watercolor,
brush, and many others you need. Please don't be late. If you interested to join this
competition, please kindly register yourself to your homeroom teacher or the OSIS
committee.

OSIS Committee

M. Faiz Rizkiana

1. To whom the announcement is made?

A. M. Faiz Rizkiana

B. All students

C. Homeroom teacher

D. The readers

2. Which statement is correct based on the text?

A. Students may come late.

B. Students may bring watercolor, brush, and many others they need.
C. The registration place on the school yard.
D. The painting competition in the school will be held at 8 a.m.
Descriptive Text

I went to the zoo yesterday and I saw panda for the first time. Panda is the very cute animal
I've ever seen. It has little eyes with black spots around them. His body is black and white
colored. Panda's body is almost looks alike with bear. Panda looks like tame animals but it's
actually not. Panda eats bamboo and they almost eat 40 kg bamboo in just one day. Panda is
animal from china. I like Panda because they're cute.

Source: https://www.jagoanbahasainggris.com/

3. What does panda eat?

A. Meat
B. Leaf
C. Bamboo
D. Insect
Narrative text

Questions 4-5 are based on the following text.

Once upon a time, there were two close friends who were walking through the forest
together. They knew that anything dangerous can happen any time in the forest. So they
promised each other that they would always be together in any case of danger.

Suddenly, they saw a large bear getting closer toward them. One of them climbed a nearby
tree at once. But unfortunately the other one did not know how to climb up the tree. So being
led by his common sense, he lay down on the ground breathless and pretended to be a dead
man.

The bear came near the one who was lying on the ground. It smelt in his ears, and slowly left
the place because the bears do not want to touch the dead creatures. After that, the friend on
the tree came down and asked his friend that was on the ground, “Friend, what did the bear
whisper into your ears?” The other friend replied, “Just now the bear advised me not to
believe a false friend”.

Source text: https://ekspektasia.com/contoh-narrative-text/

4. What kind of text is the text above?

A. Descriptive
B. Narrative
C. Report
D. Procedure

5. “… they saw a large bear getting closer toward them.” The antonym of the underlined
word is…

A. Huge
B. Big
 C. Small
D. Giant

Recount text

I Had a Fantastic Holiday

Last summer I got a fantastic holiday. I visited some great places. I went to an airport and
was going to fly to Cleveland. I was spending there two days. I liked to see some Cleveland
Cavaliers basketball matches.

Then I went to Hollywood. Hollywood is a famous district in Los Angeles, California, United
States. It had become world-famous as the center of the film industry. Four major film
companies – Paramount, Warner Bros., RKO and Columbia – had studios in Hollywood. I
did not want to leave but I had to.

After that, I went to New York City. I visited the Statue of Liberty. I went from the bottom of
Manhattan to the top of the crown. That was very amazing. The places made me feel at home
but I have to go home. Next time I would return to them.

Source:http://englishadmin.com/2012/09/example-of-recount-my-fantastic-holiday.html

6. Where did the writer go after Hollywood?

A. Cleveland
B. Los Angeles
C. United States
D. New York City
Questions 7-8 are based on the following text.

Source: https://bukubiruku.com/contoh-advertisement/
7. What is advertised from the text above?
A. Job
B. Car Service
C. Tank
D. Cleaning room service

8. “… at very reasonable prices”

What is the meaning of the underlined phrase?

A. Very expensive
B. Very affordable
C. Very high prices
D. Very costly
Questions 9-10 are based on the following text.

How to Make Ice Lemon Tea

Ingredients:

 1 bag of Teabag
 2 pieces of Lemon Orange
 2 tsp of sugar
 6 Ice Cubes
 50 ml of hot water
 150 ml of cold water

Steps:

1. Brewed Tea bag in 50 ml of hot water.

2. Add sugar, and then stir until evenly distributed.
3. Squeeze the lemon. Then, pour lemon juice into the tea.
4. Add ice cubes and add 150 ml of cold water.
5. Stir until the lemon juice mixes with the tea.
6. Add lemon slices as decoration.
7. Ice Lemon Tea is ready to be served.

Source: https://www.yuksinau.id/contoh-procedure-text/

9. The followings are methods of making ice lemon tea, except….

A. Brewed tea bag in 150 ml of hot water.

B. Add salt, and then stir until evenly distributed.

C. Pour orange juice into the tea.

D. Stir until the lemon juice mixes with the tea.

10. How much lemon do we need to make ice lemon tea?

A. One piece

B. Three pieces

C. Two pieces

D. Six pieces