15 – Taher Vasowala – Vesicular systems

Liposomes Niosomes Aquasomes Phytosomes

Image

Aquasomes are trilayered

A niosome is a non-ionic
spherical structures comprising: A phytosome is a complex of a
surfactant-based vesicle.
Liposomes are small artificial 1. A ceramic core for structural natural active ingredient and a
Definition

bilayered vesicles of spherical stability phospholipid - mostly lecithin. It is

Niosomes are formed by non-
shape that can be created from 2. Carbohydrate coat that claimed that phytosome
ionic surfactant and cholesterol
cholesterol and natural non-toxic prevents dehydration and increases absorption of
phospholipids. stabilizes biochemical drugs "conventional herbal extracts" or
These are also bilayered but
3. Adsorbed biochemical drugs isolated active principles
have polar head and single tail
such as proteins
Here the phospholipids and drugs
are chemically bonded to the
These are similar to bilayered choline head and form a
Has water-like properties and
biological membranes and made molecular complex
Features

Niosomes are more chemically preserves fragile biochemical

of natural materials so improve
stable than liposomes, less molecules and maintains their
BA of drugs %EE is high because first lipids
expensive and do not need conformation
are conjugated with drug and
special storage/handling Surface exposure is exploited for
then vesicles are formed
targeting to specific sites
More stable than liposomes due
to chemical bonding
Ophthalmic DDS, increasing oral
Suitable to deliver hydrophilic and
BA, delivery of proteins, TDDS
lipophilic drugs. Vaccine delivery, antigen
Delivery of herbals such as
Uses

delivery, enzyme delivery, insulin

In cosmetics for curcumin, silymarin, grape seed
Improved stability, protects the delivery etc. which are all
hyperpigmentation, moisturizing, polyphenols, etc.
encapsulated drug from sensitive biochemical drugs
tanning and increase penetration
environment.
of minoxidil on the scalp