1

UCC THESIS WRITING MANUAL

(for College Degree Programs)
by: Engr. Robert C. Torrecampo

Introduction

This manual of rules and guidelines of University of Caloocan City for thesis writing known as
“UCC Thesis Writing Manual (for College Degree Programs)” shall be strictly adhered by all
instructors/advisers assigned to teach Research in the undergraduate level of all programs
offered in the University of Caloocan City. The Research Agenda of Deans and Program Chairs
of respective college and department respectively shall be anchored on the University
Research and Publication Department. They should discuss the full content of this manual to
the instructor assigned to teach Research before the opening of classes for the First and
Second Semesters of the Academic Year.

A. General Guidelines
1. Research 1 (Introduction to Research)

1.1. The Research Instructor shall conform to the Research 1 Syllabus and discuss to the
students the contents stated in “Thesis Writing Format” included herein during the first week
of classes. Then, as a first requirement, the instructor must require the students to write their
research title and statement of the problem.

1.2. The assigned Instructor for Research 1 shall present to the Research Director the
proposed title and statement of the problem for review and enrichment before submission to
the Program Head/Coordinator and College Dean for approval during the second week of
classes.

1.3. No change/s shall be made in the approved title and statement of the problem in
Research 1 even if same or other instructor as adviser was assigned to teach in Research 2.

1.4. Only the reviewed and approved Chapters 1, 2 and 3, research instrument and
bibliography/references shall comprise the Research Proposal due for submission four (4)
weeks before the end of the First Semester for scheduling of the Proposal Defense.

1.5. The respondents of the study shall be selected as much as possible within the
university or within the vicinity of Caloocan City. The administration of research instrument
shall be done two (2) weeks before the final examination week.
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1.6. In case the need calls for respondents who are selected beyond borders of
Caloocan City, the students shall be required for a waiver duly signed by their
parent/guardian. Then the adviser shall write a letter noted by the Program
Chair/Coordinator and with recommending approval by the College Dean to the Vice
President for Academic Affairs (VPAA) and Vice President for Student Affairs and Services
(VPSAS) that they will conduct a research indicating the “place” where the survey shall be
conducted and the “time frame” of administration and retrieval. It is the duty of the assigned
research instructor to supervise and monitor the students during the progress of their
research.

1.7. The Research 1 instructors shall stay in the classroom or may stay in the faculty
room during their class schedule even if the students are in the library to conduct research
activities for the purpose of consultation.

1.8. It is the duty of the Research Instructor to give grades to the students based from
their written examinations and research proposal as output to be submitted during the final
examination week for grading purpose.

1.9. If the students need to use standardized instruments, the instructor should guide
the students on how to avail of the needed instruments. However, if the students will use
researcher-developed questionnaire based from the literature and studies they have read.
The research instructor should guide them on how to validate their developed instrument.

2. Research 2 (Thesis Writing)

2.1. The Dean/Program Chair/Coordinator shall assign qualified instructors who will
serve as advisers in the Research 2 subject. Also, they shall choose qualified instructors who
will serve as panelistsin the Thesis Defense. The assigned advisers and panelists must be under
the College they are serving and properly endorsed by the College Dean to the Vice President
for Academic Affairs (VPAA) a week before the scheduled Thesis Defense.

2.2. The Research 2 instructors and their students should stay in the classroom to
supervise and monitor their students in writing Chapter 4 for the statistical analysis,
presentation and interpretation of data and Chapter 5 in writing the summary, findings,
conclusions and recommendations.

2.3. The Research 2 instructor as adviser shall divide the class into groups in which each
member should have minimum of 4 and a maximum of 5 members per group.
 3

2.4. In case, there is a need for experts to be included in one of the panelists, the
adviser can recommend noted by the Program Head/Coordinator to the College Dean who
will endorse the request to the Vice President for Academic Affairs for approval.

2.5. It is the duty of the Research 2 Advisers to check the research output of their
students from first to last pages of the thesis.

2.6. Prior to research presentation in the oral defense, the Research Advisers shall
check the readiness of the thesis manuscripts of all the groups in the class and ensure that
the criteria in giving grades were met.

2.7. In Thesis Defense, the role of the panel is to guide and help the students to further
improve their research through constructive comments and suggestions. The panelists shall
comprise the following:

2.7.1. One (1) expert in the discipline

2.7.2. One (1) expert in research
2.7.3. One (1) Statistician or Math Professor

3. Research Fee

Each student shall pay a corresponding Thesis Defense Fee as stated in Section 245 of
“City University Fees”

4. Honoraria

Every faculty assigned to handle research subjects as adviser shall be compensated

based on his/her rate per hour. However, in case there is a need for co-advisers’ services, they
will not receive honoraria. On the part of the Defense Panelists, they shall receive honoraria
based from their approved rate.

5. Final Grade in Defense

5.1. The final grade of each student in Research 2 shall be based from the following
criteria:
5.1.1. Research Adviser’s Grade – 60%
5.1.2. Defense Panelists Average Grade – 40%

5.2. If disagreement arises among the panelists in giving a grade to the students, the
Dean or Program Chair shall mediate to arrive at a final decision.
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6. Individual Performance Evaluation

6.1. Manner of Presentation – 50%

6.1.1. Systematic,
6.1.2. Consistent, and
6.1.3. Visual.

6.2. Manner of Answering to Panelists’ Questions – 50%

6.2.1. Mastery of the thesis contents,
6.2.2. Alertness or presence of mind, and
6.2.3. Confidence and readiness.

7. Final Copy

7.2. The final copy of the thesis shall be configured based from the thesis writing
format attached in this Research Manual.

7.1. Upon submission of the final copy, the students shall present the following
certificates:

7.1.1. Certificate of Statistician, and

7.1.2. Certificate of Grammarian.

7.2. The edited final copy of the thesis must be submitted a week before the date set
by the Registrar’s Office for submission of grades of graduating students.
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Thesis Defense Evaluation Sheet

Campus : _________________
College : _____________________________ Course : ___________________ Date :
_____________________ Time : _____________________ Room No. : _________

Title of Thesis : ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

Adviser : _____________________________ Co-Adviser (If any) :___________________________

A. Individual Performance of each student ( 50% )

Students Rating ( % ) 1. _____________________________ ___________________

2. _____________________________ ___________________ 3.
_____________________________ ___________________ 4.
_____________________________ ___________________ 5.
_____________________________ ___________________

B. Group Performance of all students (50%) ___________________ (Average of Individual

Performance)

C. Over-all Grade of the Individual Student ___________________ (Average of Individual and

Group Performances)

Students Over-all Grade 1. _____________________________ ___________________

2. _____________________________ ___________________ 3.
_____________________________ ___________________ 4.
_____________________________ ___________________ 5.
_____________________________ ___________________

________________________________
Signature over Printed Name of Panel
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B. Thesis Writing Format

1. PRELIMINARY PAGES
1.1. Title Page. It is the first page of a thesis which has no page number and comprised of the
following parts:
1.1.a. The title of the thesis is centered below the top margin after pressing the “enter key”
once. It is in the form of an isosceles trapezoid in which the longest line of words is at the top with
single space between lines. It is typed in uppercase of font Arial 12 and by pressing “enter key” seven
(7) times, the research title separates the succeeding lines of words.

Note: The title must contain the subject matter, place of the study, and the population involved.
Avoid using the terms “An analysis of,” ”A Study of,” “An Investigation of,” and the like. All these
terms are understood to have been done or to be done when a research is conducted (Calderon,
1993).
Sample:

THE TEACHING METHODS AND MOTIVATIONAL TECHNIQUES OF THE MATHEMATICS PROFESSORS

IN UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCANCITY CONGRESSIONAL CAMPUS

1.1.b. After the research title, next are the words in succeeding lines in title case of font Arial
12: “A Thesis” followed by the lines “Presented to the Faculty of” “College of Liberal Arts and
Sciences,” “UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY (in uppercase bold letters),” “Biglang Awa St., cor Cattleya
St., Brgy 100, Caloocan City” (for South Campus) or “Congressional Road, Bagumbong, Caloocan City”
(for North Campus) and by pressing “enter key” seven (7) times, the research title will separate the
next lines of words.

Sample: (space between lines should be 1.5)

A Thesis
Presented to the Faculty of
College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY
Biglang Awa St., cor Cattleya St., 12th Avenue East, Caloocan City

1.1.c. After the previous lines, next are the succeeding lines of words in title case of font Arial
12: “In Partial Fulfillment,” “of the Requirements for the Degree,” “DEGREE AND MAJOR (in uppercase
and bold letters)” and by pressing “enter key” seven (7) times, the last line will separate the next lines
of words.
Sample: (space between lines should be 1.5)
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In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MATHEMATICS

1.1.d. After the previous lines, next are the succeeding lines of words in title case of font Arial
12: “By (in Title Case),” “COMPLETE RESEARCHER/S, NAME (in uppercase and bold letters),” and
“Year.”
Sample: (space between lines should be 1.5)

By
ROBERT C. TORRECAMPO
 2019

1.2. Approval Sheet. This follows immediately after the Title Page. The words ”APPROVAL SHEET” in
single line is centered at the top in uppercase and bold letters of font Arial 12 followed by a statement
as follows in justified form:

This thesis entitled: “TITLE (in uppercase and bold letters),” prepared and submitted by “NAME
OF RESEARCHER/S (in uppercase)” in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of “DEGREE
AND MAJOR (in uppercase)” has been examined and is recommended for acceptance and approval for
Oral Examination.
(provide space here by pressing the enter key once at the end of the paragraph)
NAME OF SIGNATORY (in uppercase and bold letters)
Adviser (at the middle of the signatory’s name)
(provide space here by pressing the enter key once at the end of the previous line)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (The
above line separates the next part by pressing the “enter key” once after the line then press undo and use the
arrow down key in providing space)
PANEL OF EXAMINERS (centered in uppercase and bold letters)

Approved by the COMMITTEE ON ORAL EXAMINATION with a grade of “Passed.”

NAME OF SIGNATORY (centered in uppercase and bold letters)

Chairman (centered in Title Case)

NAME OF SIGNATORY NAME OF SIGNATORY

Member Member
Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of “DEGREE
AND MAJOR” (in uppercase and bold letters).
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NAME OF SIGNATORY NAME OF SIGNATORY Program Head/Coordinator Dean

Date: _______________ Date: _______________

1.3. Acknowledgment. The word ACKNOWLEDGMENT is centered at the top (in uppercase and bold
letters of font Arial 12) followed by justified body of text in which the researcher appreciates the
persons who extended assistance/support and guidance to him/her. The initials of the researcher in
capital letter with no spaces or period between should be placed two double spaces after the body
text. The pronouns “I,” “you,” “we,” “us,” and “our/s “should be omitted.

The body text should be typed to acknowledge persons in the following sequence:
1.3.1. Researcher’s Adviser
 1.3.2. Researcher’s Program Head/ Coordinator and Dean
1.3.3. Panel of examiners (chairman first followed by the members)
1.3.4. Persons who extended their assistance and guidance
1.3.5. Persons who approved/granted the permission to conduct the study
1.3.6. Respondents
1.3.7. Relatives and friends of the researcher
1.3.8. Almighty God

1.4. Abstract. A brief summary of the study. The word ABSTRACT is centered at the top (in uppercase
and bold letters of font Arial 12) followed by an introductory in the following format:

Sample of an ABSTRACT:

ABSTRACT

Title : THE TEACHING METHODS AND MOTIVATIONAL TECHNIQUES OF THE

MATHEMATICS TEACHERS IN SELECTED PUBLIC SECONDARY
SCHOOLS OF CALOOCAN NORTH DISTRICT

Researcher : ANGELITA M. DELLAMAS

Degree : BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MATHEMATICS
Adviser : DR. ROMEO C. TORRES
School : UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY
Year : 2009
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- (The above line separates the next part press the “enter key” once after the line)
Rationale
(provide space here by pressing the enter key once at the end of the previous line of body text)
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Statement of the Problem (a subtitle in bold letters of font Arial 12)

(provide space here by pressing the enter key once at the end of the previous line of body
text) Hypothesis
(provide space here by pressing the enter key once at the end of the previous line of body
text) Methodology
(provide space here by pressing the enter key once at the end of the previous line of body
text) Findings
(provide space here by pressing the enter key once at the end of the previous line of body
text) Conclusions
(provide space here by pressing the enter key once at the end of the previous line of body
text) Recommendations

1.5. Table of Contents. A listing of chapter numbers, titles and subtitles with indications of page
number after the dotted line.
Chapter Title and SubTitles (in Title Case) Page Title
Page……………………………………………………………………………………… i
Approval Sheet………………………………………………………………………………ii
Acknowledgment…………………………………………………………………………. iii
Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………..... v
Table of Contents……………………………………………………………………..….. ix
List of Tables…………………………………………………………………………..……..xiv
List of Figures…………………………………………………………………………………xv

1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND………………………….………....... 1

Introduction………………..…………………………………………………………………1 Background of the

Study…………….………………….………………..……………3

1.6. List of Tables. It is a listing of all tables presented in Chapters 3 and 4 with indications of page
number after the dotted line. The words in single line “LIST OF TABLES” is centered at the top (in
uppercase and bold letters of font Arial 14) followed by this format (Arial 12 as font):

Sample:

Table Title (in Title Case) Page

1 Samples and Population………………………………………………..……………. 45 2 Demographic

Profile of the Respondents………………….…………………. 48

1.7. List of Figures. A listing of all figures presented in all chapters including the Research Paradigm.
The words in a single line “LIST OF FIGURES” is centered at the top (in uppercase and bold letters of font
Arial 12) followed by this format (Arial 12 as font):
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Sample:

Figure Title (in Title Case) Page 1 Paradigm of the Study………………………………………………….

………………. 25 2. BODY OF THESIS

2.1. Chapter 1, THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

The chapter number typed as “Chapter 1” is centered below the top margin after pressing the
“enter key” once (in bold letters of font Arial 12). The chapter title typed as “THE PROBLEM AND ITS
BACKGROUND” is centered (also in bold letters of font Arial 12) must have a spacing of 18 pt before
and after. Each subtopic should be typed in sentence case form with bold letters of Arial 12 as font.
The page number should not appear on this page.

Sample:
Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

2.1.1. Introduction
A discussion about the subject matter, existence of unsatisfactory condition, reasons why
there is a need to conduct a study, desire to have a clear understanding of a phenomenon, a desire to
improve something and a desire to discover something.

2.1.2. Background of the Study

A discussion about the historical background of the research problem and a link to the
statement of the problem.

2.1.3. Statement of the Problem

Presentation of a general statement of the whole problem followed by sub-problems or
specific problems.

2.1.4. Hypothesis/Hypotheses
A null statement(s) of an inferential question (if any), presented in the statement of the
problem for statistical significance test. State the level of significance (e.g. the null hypothesis that
there is no significant difference/relationship among/between___________________ was tested at
0.05 alpha level of significance). The usual alpha level of significance used by statisticians are 0.05 and
0.01.

2.1.5. Significance of the Study

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A discussion of the timelines, relevance, solutions, persons to be benefited, contribution, and

implications.

2.1.6. Scope and Limitations of the Study

A brief statement of purpose, subject matter, topics, locale, population and respondents and
the period covered by the present study. Also stressed are the strength and weaknesses of the
investigation.

2.1.7. Definition of Terms

In alphabetical order, the words which are difficult to understand by the readers were defined
operationally (how they are used) or theoretically (as defined in literatures). Also, the acronyms are
spelled out fully.
2.2. Chapter 2, RESEARCH FRAMEWORK
The chapter number typed as “Chapter 2” is centered below the top margin after pressing the
“enter key” once (in bold letters of font Arial 12). The chapter title typed as “RESEARCH
FRAMEWORK” is centered (also in bold letters of font Arial 12) must have a spacing of 18 pt before
and after. Each subtopic should be typed in sentence case form with bold letters of Arial 12 as font.
The page number should not appear on this page.

Sample:
Chapter 2

RESEARCH FRAMEWORK

2.2.1. Review of Related Literature

Discussions of related facts and principles to the present study taken from printed materials
such as books, encyclopedias, journals, magazines, newspapers, brochures, pamphlets, leaflets and
other publications. Discussions should be in topical form.

2.2.2. Review of Related Studies

Discussions of observations, findings and conclusionstaken from existing unpublished
materials such as theses, dissertations and manuscripts

Note: Calderon (1993) suggested the following number of literature based from his
observations: Undergraduate Thesis: 5 to 10 related literatures

2.2.3. Synthesis
A consolidation of the results of previous studies to the present study. It is a statement
emphasizing the relevance of the established theories as theoretical framework that inspired a
researcher in formulating another theory/concept through the present study.

2.2.4. Conceptual Framework

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A statement of the investigator’s own point of view on the present study supported by a
paradigm. According to Calderon (1993), the conceptual framework becomes the central theme, the
focus, the main thrust of the study and it serves as a guide in conducting the investigation.

2.2.5. Paradigm
A diagram of a conceptual framework usually presented through the input-process-output
(IPO) model. However, modern presentations are acceptable.

2.2.6. Justification of the Study

A statement that describes the originality of the present study against previous studies and
that there is no duplication made as well. The investigator cites the difference of the present study if
in case it is similar to previous studies especially with the title and problem/topic.
2.3. Chapter 3, METHODOLOGY
The chapter number typed as “Chapter 3” is centered below the top margin after pressing the
“enter key” once (in bold letters of font Arial 12). The chapter title typed as “METHODOLOGY” is
centered (also in bold letters of font Arial 12) must have a spacing of 18 pt before and after. Each
subtopic should be typed in sentence case form with bold letters of Arial 12 as font. The page number
should not appear on this page.

Sample:
Chapter 3

METHODOLOGY

2.3.1. Research Method

A procedure of the appropriate research method used in the present study. The usual
methods are descriptive and experimental.

2.3.2. Sampling Techniques and Respondents/Subjects

A procedure how the researcher selected the representative sample from the
population/subjects through the use of appropriate sampling technique.

2.3.3. Setting/Locale of the Study

A description of the place of the conduct of study. It can be supported with a vicinity map.

2.3.4. Development of Instrument and Its Validation

A procedure in the preparation and construction of the research instrument for a researcher
developed questionnaire and some explanations in the use of a standardized test/questionnaire. The
Validity and Reliability of the researcher-developed questionnaire are emphasized.

2.3.5. Data Gathering Procedure

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A discussion of how the researcher sought permission to conduct study and how the copies of
the questionnaires were finalized, reproduced, distributed and retrieved in a descriptive research. The
researcher also discussed the preparation of pretest and posttest and formation of the experimental
and control groups in an experimental research.

2.3.6. Statistical Treatment of Data

This last procedure describes how the gathered data were treated descriptively or inferentially
by the appropriate statistical tools.
Note: The researcher/s can only apply INFERENTIAL STATISTICAL TREATMENT if they included
inferential questions in the statement of the problem which is needed to test the null
hypothesis/hypotheses.

2.4. Chapter 4, PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

 The chapter number typed as “Chapter 4” is centered below the top margin after pressing the
“enter key” once (in bold letters of font Arial 12). The chapter title typed as “PRESENTATION,
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA” is centered (also in bold letters of font Arial 12) must
have a spacing of 18 pt before and after. Each subtopic should be typed in sentence case form with
bold letters of Arial 12 as font. The page number should not appear on this page.

Sample:
Chapter 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

The subtopics were presented based on the statement of the problem through tables, graphs,
charts and textual presentation. The highest weighted mean, lowest weighted mean and significant
difference or relationship/association are usually emphasized in the analysis. The similarities or
differences with the work of others stated in the related literature and studies were cited as
interpretations.

2.5. Chapter 5, SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The chapter

number typed as “Chapter 5” is centered below the top margin after pressing the “enter key” once
(in bold letters of font Arial 14). The chapter title typed as “SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS
AND RECOMMENDATIONS” is centered (also in bold letters of font Arial 12) must have a spacing of
18 pt before and after. Each subtopic should be typed in sentence case form with bold letters of Arial
12 as font. The page number should not appear on this page.

Sample:
Chapter 5

SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

2.5.1. Summary
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Synopsis of statement of the problem, hypothesis and methodology.

2.5.2. Findings
A concise enumeration of the important data presented in Chapter 4. No deductions,
inferences nor interpretations should be made.

2.5.3. Conclusions
A concise enumeration of deductions, inferences, interpretations, abstractions and
generalizations based from the findings.

2.5.4. Recommendations
A concise enumeration of logical, valid, feasible, practical and attainable appeals to concerned
people to help solve the problems discovered in the investigation based from the findings and
conclusions of the study. The researcher/s may recommend to the future researchers to conduct
similar studies in a broader aspect.

3. Bibliography
All statements, citations, references or endnotes should be included in the bibliography. The
surnames of the authors or entries were arranged alphabetically, in hanging indent and single spaced.
Double spacing should be observed between references. The entries are categorized according to A.
Books; B. Journals, Magazines and Newspapers; C. Unpublished Theses/Dissertations and D.
Websites/Multimedia.
The word “Bibliography” is typed and centered in sentence case below the top margin after
pressing the “enter key” once (in bold letters of font Arial 12).

Sample:
Bibliography

A. Books

Calderon, Jose F. (1998) Principles and Practices of Teaching. Quezon City: Great
Books Trading.

B. Journals, Magazines and Newspapers

Chua, Queena L (2001). “The Third International Math and Science Study.” The Philippine Journal of
Education. Vol LXXX, No.2, July.

C. Unpublished Theses/Dissertations

Torrecampo, Robert C. (2004) “Methods, Strategies, Techniques and Instructional

Materials in Teaching Freshmen Mathematics in Selected Public Tertiary
Schools in North Metro Manila” Unpublished Thesis. De La Salle – Araneta University.
15

D. Websites/Multimedia

https://_______________
en.wikipeidia.org/wiki/Math
Microsoft Encarta CD Encylopedia
Britanica CD Encylopedia
4. Appendices
Materials that supplement the body of thesis/dissertation such as permit to conduct study,
copy of research instruments (questionnaire and inventory form), cross reference tables or some
tables which are not included in Chapter 4 and sample computations in the hypothesis testing.
The word “Appendix A” is typed and centered in sentence case below the top margin after
pressing the “enter key” once (in bold letters of font Arial 12).
5. Curriculum Vitae
Presentation of the researcher’s personal and educational backgrounds, work experiences,
honors/awards received, achievements and seminars attended.
The line of words “Curriculum Vitae” is typed and centered in Title Case below the top margin
after pressing the “enter key” once (in bold letters of font Arial 12).

6. Others

6.1. Cover of the Thesis/Dissertation

The thesis/dissertation should have a hardbound cover with the following color coding:

6.1.1. College of Education

Royal Blue– for all courses under the College of Education

6.1.2. College of Business and Accountancy

Yellow Gold– for all courses under the College of Business and Accountancy

6.1.2. College of Liberal Arts and Sciences

Navy Blue– for BS Criminology
White – for AB Behavioral Sciences, AB Communications and AB Political Science
Emerald Green – for BS Psychology and BS Mathematics
Maroon – for BPA
Black – for BSCS, BSIS, BSIT and BSEMC

6.2. Paper Requirements (Final Copy)

Plain Short White Bond Paper with UCC name (center), UCC logo (left) and college logo (right)

6.2. Page Requirements

If possible, 30 to 50 pages excluding the preliminary pages.
16

6.3. Margins
Top : 2 inches Bottom : 1 inch
Left : 1.25 inches Right : 1 inch

6.4. Line Spacing

The body text must be double spaced for the entire manuscript except for the following:
6.4.1. Title Page – follow the spacing as stated in the preliminary pages
6.4.2. Table of Contents – single space between subtopics, double space between
chapters. 6.4.3. List of Tables/Figures – single space for each entry, double space between
entries. 6.4.4. Block Quotations – single space and indented to both left and right margins.
6.4.5. Bibliography – single space for each entry, double space between entries.
6.5. Font
Use Arial 12 Regular font style throughout the entire manuscript except for the
following: 6.5.1. Chapter Number – use Arial 12 in bold title case
6.5.2. Chapter Title and Headings – use Arial 12 in bold uppercase
6.5.3. Subtitle – use Arial 12 in bold sentence case
6.5.4. Block Quotations – use Arial 10 in regular sentence case.

6.6. Indention
Indent the first line of paragraphs at 0.5” tab throughout the manuscript except for the
following:
6.6.1. Block quotations – use 1 inch indention to both left and right margins.

6.7. Pagination
Page number should be visible (except for title page and chapter pages) above the top right
margin throughout the manuscript.
The following format should be observed:
6.7.1. Preliminary Pages – lower case Roman numerals in bold font style
6.7.2. Chapters 1 to 5, Bibliography, Appendices and Curriculum Vitae – Arabic numerals in
bold font style.

6.8. Alignment
Justified alignment is a must throughout the entire manuscript.

6.9. Tables and Figures

6.9.1. Every table and figure should have a number and a title.
6.9.2. Each table is continuously numbered by an Arabic numeral, centered and written in one
line as “Table (number)” e.g. Table 1.
6.9.3. The title of the table in title case, single line spacing and centered must be two spaces
below the table number. If the title is too long, it should be formed as an isosceles trapezoid in which
the longest line of words is at the top.
6.9.4. The table should start with a 2¼ pt thick double horizontal line style and another
horizontal line with the same line style separates the table heading from the table body and some
lines
17

of 1 pt style for sectioning. No vertical lines should be drawn for every column and to the sides of the
table. The bottom horizontal line should be a 2¼ pt thick single line.
6.9.5. Don’t allow the table to cross over pages. Cut it and make another table with next
number and title.
6.9.6. If the tables are too many to present in Chapter 4, include some in the Appendices as
cross reference tables.
6.9.7 Each figure should be numbered by an Arabic Numeral centered and typed in one line as
“Figure (number)” e.g. Figure 1. This should be placed below the figure.
6.9.8. The title of the figure in sentence case and single line spacing should be typed after the
figure number (eg. Figure 1. Paradigm of the Study).

Sample of the actual table:

Table 1

Distribution of Teacher-Respondents According to Profile Age, Sex and Civil Status

PROFILE f %
Age
51 – 60 41 – 50 31 – 40 Total Table 2 36.67 63.33 100.00
21 – 30 3 11 14 2 30
13.33 86.67 100.00
Sex 11 19 30
Male Total
Female 4 26 30
10.00 36.67 46.67 6.66
Civil Status Single 100.00
Married Total
x = 40.1 years old

Teaching Methods Used by the Teacher-Respondents

School A School B School C School D Average

Teaching Methods WM DR WM DR
WM DR WM DR WM DR
18

1. Inductive
4.00
OU
4.00
OU
4.75
AU
4.04
OU
4.20
OU
2. 4. Explorat 4.60 3.75SoU OU AU AU 4.25 4.50OU AU OU OU 4.14 3.12 3.95
Deductiv Exposito ory 4.40 4.25 3.87 3.83 OU OU
e ry Average 3.00 3.75
3.93 OU OU 4.25 OU OU 4.26
3. 5. OU OU 4.00 3.75 OU AU 4.17 3.61 AU OU
Problem Lecture Authore
SoU OU SoU OU 3.90
Solving d by: 3.00 3.75 4.50 2.74 4.05 SoU OU
6. 4.20 4.00AU OU 3.90 AU AU 3.71

Engr. ROBERT C. TORRECAMPO

Research Director
Approved:

RAMONA A. PRADO, Ed.D. SHIRLEY V. SARAGCON, DEM BERNADETTE B. ENRIQUEZ, CESE Dean,
College of Education Dean, College of Business and Dean, College of Liberal Arts and Accountancy
and DTHIM Sciences

BERNADETTE B. ENRIQUEZ, CESE

Vice President for Research and Publications

ATTY. RODERICK P. VERA

Vice President for Academic Affairs