DESIGN IV MACHINERY SYSTEM

DEPARTMENT OF MARINE ENGINEERING

Calculation and Specification of Engine

Room Air Ventilation System

Doc.No. 11 - 42 20 DN002 - VA

Prepared by Approved by
Rev. Date Remark A.A.B. Dinariyana Dwi P,
Sean Chen Gyarino
S.T.,MES., Ph.D.
 DESIGN IV MACHINERY SYSTEM
DEPARTMENT OF MARINE ENGINEERING

ATTACHMENT

Calculation and Specification of

Engine Room Air Ventilation System
Attachment of Doc.No. 11 - 42 20 DN002 - VA

Prepared by Approved by
Rev. Date Remark A.A.B. Dinariyana Dwi P,
Sean Chen Gyarino
S.T.,MES., Ph.D.
 Calculation and Specification of Doc. No. 11 - 42 20 DN002 - VA
Engine Room Air Ventilation Rev. No. 0
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I. INTRODUCTION
Ventilation air system is very important system onboard. This system is used to
circulate air requirements into the specified space in the ship as needed, such as
engine room. Installation and construction as well as the mechanism of ventilation
air system to be followed and regulated by the classification agencies.
Ventilation air system may be circulating system that works naturally and
mechanical work. Type mechanical ventilation air system for the engine room is an
engine room air circulation system construction and instalation of special set of
rules of classification agency.
Air ducts to the engine room always worked together when the air from the outside
in and the hot air from the engine room is sucked out or on certain conditions the
air flow out naturally by ventilation holes that exist.

II. OBJECTIVES
The object of Compressed Air System is:
a) determine the technical specification of ventilation air system for engine room
b) Knowing the selection for Fan Ventilation

III. REFERENCES
a) MAN 32/40 9L
b) International Standart ISO 8861

IV. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

a) Q = Total airflow on engine room [m³/s]
b) qc = The sum of the airflow for combustion [m³/s]
c) qh = The sum of the airflow necessary for heat evacuation [m³/s]
d) qdp = The airflow for combustion for main propulsion diesel engine [m³/s]
e) qb = The airflow for combustion for boilers [m³/s]
f) Pdg = The service standard power of the diesel generator engine [kW]
g) mad = The air requirement for diesel engine combustion [kg/kWs]
h) ρ = The density of air [kg/m³]
i) ms = The total steam capacity of the boiler [kg/s]
j) ɸdp = The heat emission from main propulsion diesel engine [kW]
k) ɸdg = The heat emission from diesel generator engine [kW]
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l) ɸb = The heat emission from boilers and thermal fluid heaters [kW]
m) ɸp = The heat emission from steam and condensate pipes [kW]
n) ɸg = The heat emission from electrical air-cooled generator [kW]
o) ɸel = The heat emission from electrical installations [kW]
ɸep = The heat emission from exhaust pipes including [kW]
exhaust gas-fired boilers
ɸt = The heat emission from hot tanks [kW]
ɸo = The heat emission from other components [kW]

V. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Engine room air ventilation system is dedicated to supply fresh untreated air trough
a space in the engine room. Natural ventilation occurs when temperature and/ air
density value are decreasing/increasing, it causes air circulation in the space.
Mechanical ventilation (forced ventilation) is arranged to supply air circulation by
using fans for a positive movement of large quantities of air. Natural ventilation
simply used for small work areas and stores, while forced ventilation used for
working area where machinery are placed and number of people are employed.
Also, forced ventilation may be used in cargo spaces.
Air ventilation system in engine room is so important for machinery that need air
supply for combustion process. Beside that, this system arranged to keep the
temperature of engine room, so it's not higher than 45 degrees celcius. With the
steady set point of temperature, the engine room will provide the comfort work
condition for man and machine as well.
This system is for providing clean air for combustion and ventilation system in the
engine room, the system also prevent machinery from overheating. In addition, as
the air supply to the crew who worked on the space, to make it more convenient to
do the job. the temperature inside the room is planning engine must not exceed the
temperature> 45 ° C, it is a standard of comfort in working and normal temperature
to prevent from overheating.
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VI. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
Key
NO Reference Parameter Design
Equipment

Airflow for
ISO 8861 : Calculation of airflow for main propulsion diesel
1 Main
1998 engine
Propulsion

Airflow for
Combustio ISO 8861 :
2 Calculation of airflow for diesel generator engine
n Diesel 1998
Generator

Heat
Emission
from Main ISO 8861 : Calculation of heat emission from main propulsion
3
Propulsion 1998 diesel engine
Diesel
Engine

Heat
Emission
ISO 8861 : Calculation of heat emission from diesel generator
4 from Diesel
1998 engine
Generator
Engine

Heat
Emission
from ISO 8861 : Calculation of heat emission from electrical
5
Electrical 1998 installations
Installation
s

Heat Emission
ISO 8861 : Calculation of heat emission from other
6 from Other
Components 1998 components
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Sum of the
Airflow for ISO 8861 :
7 Calculation of sum the airflow for heat evacuation
Heat 1998
Evacuation

Distribution
of Air in ISO 8861 :
8 Distribution of air in Engine Room
Engine 1998
Room

ISO 8861 :
9 Air Exhaust Design of air exhaust
1998
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VII. SUMMARY OF CALCULATION

a. Engine Room Supply Fan And Exhaust Fan Selection

Manufacturer = HARTZELL
Type = 44-M-486DA---STAIP4
Capacity [m3/h] = 43187 CFM

Power = 20 HP = 15 kW

RPM = 1175
- Motor Spec
Type = Y160L-4
Power = 15 kW
Voltage = 380 Volt
Freq = 50 Hz
Phase = 3

VIII. DETAIL OF CALCULATION

See attachment of Doc.No. 11 - 42 20 DN002 - VA
IX. SPESIFICATION OF EQUPMENTS
See attachment of Doc.No. 11 - 42 20 DN002 - VA
IX. SPESIFICATION OF EQUPMENTS
See attachment of Dwg.No. 11 - 42 20 DN002 - VA
 Doc. No. 11 - 42 20 DN002 - VA
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1. DETAIL CALCULATION
MT. BONAVENTURA
Ship Principal Dimension
Lpp = 112.94 m
Lwl = 116.33 m
Breadth = 20.291 m
Height = 10.8212 m
Draught = 8.4477 m
Cb = 0.7648
Vs = 12 Knot
Endurance = 12 Days
= 288 Hour

1. Airflow For Combustion

1.1 Calculation of Airflow for Main Propulsion Diesel Engine
The airflow for combustion for the main propulsion diesel engine (qdp) shall be
calculated, in cubic metres per second, as follows :

Where is :
Pdp = The main propulsion diesel engine power at mcr
= 2600 kW
mad = Air requirement for combustion for 4 stroke diesel engine
= 0.002 Kg/kW s
ρ = Density of air, at approximately 35°C , 70 RH and 101.3 kPa
= 1.13 Kg/m3

So, the calculation is :

Qdp = 2600 x 0.002

1.13

= 4.602 m3/s
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1.2 Airflow for Combustion for Diesel Generator Engine
The calculation of airflow for diesel generator engine(s) to be calculated
regarding to ISO 8861:1998(E), pg. 4, as follows :

Where is :
Pdg = The main diesel engine power at mcr
= 250 kW
= 750 kW ; Total power of 3 generator engine at mcr
mad = Air requirement for combustion for 4 stroke diesel engine
= 0.002 Kg/kW s
= 0.006 ; Air requirement for combustion for two 3 stroke
diesel generator engine
ρ =
Density of air, at approximately 35°C , 70 RH and 101.3 kPa

= 1.13 Kg/m3
So, the calculation is :
Qdg = 750 x 0.006
1.13
Qdg = 3.982 m3/s

1.3 Sum of Airflow for Combustion

Qc = Qdp + Qdg
= 4.602 + 3.982
3
= 8.584 m /s

1.4 Heat Emission from Main Propulsion Diesel Engine

The calculation of heat emission from main propulsion diesel engine(s) to be

calculated regarding to ISO 8861:1998(E), pg. 6, as follows :
 Doc. No. 11 - 42 20 DN002 - VA
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Where is :
Pdp = The main propulsion diesel engine power at mcr
= 2600 kW
since the specific value of Δhd of diesel engine is not available, then Ødp
determined as the table in ISO 8861:1998(E), page 11, so,
Ødp = 100 kW

1.5 Heat Emission from Diesel Generator Engine

The calculation of heat emission from diesel generator engine(s) to be
calculated regarding to ISO 8861:1998(E), pg. 7, as follows :

Where is :
Pdg = Total Power of Diesel Generator Engine at mcr
= 750 kW
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Since the specific value of Δhd of diesel engine is not available, then Ødp
determined as the table in ISO 8861:1998(E), page 11,
Ødg = 40 kW

1.6 Heat Emission from Electrical Installations

The heat emission from electrical installation, Øel, shall be calculated, in
kilowatts, in accordance with one of the following two alternative methods in
descending order of preference :
A. Where full details of the electrical installations are known, the heat
emission shall be taken as the sum of the simultaneous heat
emission; or
B.
For conventional ship where full details of the electrical installations
are not know, the heat emission is taken as 20% of the rated power of
the electrical apparatus and lighting that are in use at sea.

((ISO 8861:1998(E), page 9)

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A. Fuel System Power F. General System Power
MDO Separator Feed Pump 1.5 kW Ballast-Bilge Pump 90 KW
Preheater Separator 48 kW Ballast Water Treatment 34 KW
Separator 16 kW Fire Main Pump 150 KW
MDO Supply Pump 15 KW Oily Water Pump 1.5 KW
Total 80.5 KW Oily Water Separator 3 KW
B. L.O System Power Total 278.5 KW
L.O. Transfer Pump 5.5 KW
Separator Feed Pump 1.5 KW So, Total Power of Electrical Equipment in
Stand-by Force pump 56.3 KW Engine Room :
Preheater 24 KW 1. Fuel System = 80.5 KW
Separator 8 KW 2. L.O System = 126.1 KW
Stand-by Pump 28.3 KW 3. Cooling System = 87 KW
Priming Pump 2.5 KW 4. C.A System = 3.4 KW
Total 126.1 KW 5. Domestic System = 13.7 KW
C. Cooling System Power 6. General System = 278.5 KW
S.W Cooling Pump 30 KW Total = 589.20 KW
F.W. Pump LT 8.5 KW
F.W. Pump HT 11 KW Øel = 20% Total P
Preheating Pump 5.5 KW Where Electrical Equipment in Engine
Preheater 32 KW Room:
Total 87 KW
D. Compressed Air Power No. Item P (kW)
Compressor 3.4 KW 1 Electrical equipment in E/R 589.2
Total 3.4 KW 2 Lighting equipment in E/R 3.1
E. Domestic System Power Total 592.3
F.W. Hydrophore Pump 6 KW
S.W Hydrophore Pump 4.4 KW
G.W. Transfer Pump 0.55 KW
B.W. Transfer Pump 0.55 KW
Treated Water Pump 1.1 KW
Sewage Pump 1.1 KW
Total 13.7 KW
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So, the calculation is :
Øel = 20% Total P
= 20% x 508.4
= 118.5 kW
1.7 Heat Emission from Hot Tanks
The heat emission from hot tanks, Øt, in kilowatts, shall be based on the sum
of the hot tank surfaces contiguous with the engis room, using the value given
in table below (heat emission from hot tanks).

Heat emission, Øt, in kW/m^2 at a tank

Tank surface temperature of
60 C 70 C 80 C 90 C 100 C
Uninsulated 0.14 0.234 0.33 0.42 0.515
Insulation 30 mm 0.02 0.035 0.05 0.06 0.08
Insulation 50 mm 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05

Where is :
1. MDO Storage Tank
Temp. Approximation = 60 °C
Insulation 30 mm = 0.02
Area of MDO M.E Storage Tank = 5.2 x 5.6 + 2.6 x 2.1= 34.6 m2
Area of MDO Storage (PS&SB) = 34.6 x 2 = 69.2 m3
2
Øt1 = 1.38 kW/m
2. MDO Service Tank
Temp. Approximation = 60 °C
Insulation 30 mm = 0.02
2
Area of MDO M.E Service = 2.8 x 2 = 5.6 m
Area of MDO Service (PS&SB) = 5.6 x 2 = 11.2 m3
Øt2 = 0.22 kW/m2
3. LO Storage Tank
Temp. Approximation = 60 °C
Insulation 30 mm = 0.06 kW/m2
2
Area of L.O Storage Tank = 2.2 x 1.4 = 3.1 m
Øt3 = 0.18 kW
So, the calculation is :
Øt = Øt1 + Øt2 + Øt3
= 1.792 kW
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1.8 Heat Emission from Other Equipments

The heat emission from other components, Øo,in kilowatts, example :

compressor(s), steam, turbine(s), reduction gear(s), separator(s), heat
exchanger(s), piping and hydraulic system(s), shall be included when
calculating the sum of the airflow for evacuation of heat emission. ((ISO
8861:1998(E), page 10)

To determine Øo value, estimated thermal efficiency of each component

should be considered in the calculation, as follows :
Øo = P (1 - (ɳ / 100 ) )
Where is :
ɳ /100 = 0.95 ; estimated thermal efficiency of each component
No. Item P (kW)
1 Electrical equipment in E/R 589.2
2 Lighting equipment in E/R 3.14
Total 592.34
So, the calculation is :
Øo = P (1 - (ɳ / 100 ) )
= 592.3 (1-0.95)
= 29.62 kW
1.9 Airflow for Evacuation of Heat Emission
According to ISO 8861:1998(E), page 5, the sum of the airflow necessary for
heat evacuation, qh, shall be calculated, in cubic metres per second, as
follows :
Qh = Ødp + Ødg + Øel + Øt + Øo
- 0,4 (qdp + qdg) - qb
ρ x c x Δt
Where is :
Ødp = 100 kW p = 1.13 kg/m3
Ødg = 40 kW c = 1.01 KkJ/(kg.K)
Øel = 118.5 kW Δt = 12.5 K
Øt = 1.792 kW
Øo = 29.62 kW

So, the calculation is :

Qh = Ødp + Ødg + Øel + Øt + Øo
- 0,4 (qdp + qdg)
ρ x c x Δt
= 16.9 m3/s
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1.10 Total Air Flow
Q = Qc + Qh
Q = 1.5 x Qc
Where is :
Qc = 8.584 m3/s
Qh = 16.9 m3/s
So, the calculation is :
Q = Qc + Qh ; or
3
= 25.47 m /s
Q = 1.5 x Qc
= 12.88 m3/s

From the calculation above, the highest value of air flow should be taken as
3
determination, so the total air flow required is 19.1 m /s

2 Ducting Design in Engine Room

2.1 Distribution of Air in Engine Room

Approximately 50% of the ventilation air should be delivered at the level of the
top of the main propulsion diesel engine(s), close to the turbo-charger inlet(s),
care being taken to ensure that no sea water canbe drawn into that air inlet.
No air should be blown directly onto heat-emitting components or directly onto
electrical or other apparatus sensitive to water. (ISO 8861:1998(E), Annex A)

As the explanation above, the airflow capacity that should be delivered for
M/E, can be calculated by using this formula :
Q1 = 50% Q
Where is:
Q = 25.47 m3/s

So, the calculation is :

Q1 = 50% Q
= 50% x 25.47
= 12.73 m3/s
The rest airflow capacity should be delivered to other components and/ areas in the
engine room that need to be ventilated.
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2.2 Air Exhaust
The air exhaust system should be designed to maintain a slight positive
pressure in the engine room. This should normally not exceed 50 Pa.
Exhaust fans should be installed where the exhaust air cannot be led trough
the funnel or extractor openings.
(ISO 8861:1998(E), Annex A)

2.3 Air Flow Velocity

Cross section of air supply ducts are to be designed to obtain the following air
flow velocities :
A. Main ducts ( 18-20) m/s
B. Branch duct max 12 m/s

Air fans are to be designed so as to maintain a positive air pressure of 50 Pa

(5 mm WC) in the engine room.

2.4 Ducting Size

Ducting size shall be determined by using general equation of Q value, as
follows :
3
Q = vxA m /s
2 3
Q = v x (x ) m /s
x = √ ( Q / v )m
Where is :

Q value of other ducts than ducting of M/E are known by ealy arrangement
of engine room air ventilation system, regards to explanation point 2.1.
3 2
No. Ducting Q (m /s) v (m/s) A (m ) mxm
1 Main Ducting 25.5 19 1.341 1.1578
2 Branch Duct M 12.7 10 1.273 1.1285
3 Branch Duct A 0.98 8 0.122 0.3499
4 Branch Duct B 0.98 8 0.122 0.3499
5 Branch Duct C 0.98 8 0.122 0.3499
6 Branch Duct D 0.98 8 0.122 0.3499
7 Branch Duct E 0.98 8 0.122 0.3499
8 Branch Duct F 0.98 8 0.122 0.3499
9 Branch Duct G 0.98 8 0.122 0.3499
10 Branch Duct H 0.98 8 0.122 0.3499
11 Branch Duct I 0.98 8 0.122 0.3499
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12 Branch Duct J 0.98 8 0.122 0.3499

3. Engine Room Supply Fan

3.1 Pressure Losses
Pressure losses/total pressure in ducting design can be calculated by using
friction equation method. The determination of pressure losses using this
method explained bellow :
ΔP = ρ ( f L / d) x (v2/ 2 )
Where is :
ρ = Density of air, at approximately 35°C, 70 RH and 101.3 kPa
= 1.13 Kg/m3
μ = 1.841E-05
f = This value obtained from moody diagram
ε = Material absolute roughness coefficient
= 0.00005
Absolute roughness some material shown below :
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No Duct ε/d L (m) d (m) v Rn f ΔP (Pa) ΔP / L
1 Main 3.82623E-05 20 1.307 19 1523725 0.012 37.928 1.9
2 M 3.92563E-05 18 1.274 10 781655 0.013 10.54 0.59
3 A 0.000126598 25 0.395 8 193905 0.017 39.323 1.57
4 B 0.000126598 24 0.395 8 193905 0.017 38.014 1.58
5 C 0.000126598 26 0.395 8 193905 0.017 41.182 1.58
6 D 0.000126598 25 0.395 8 193905 0.017 39.598 1.58
7 E 0.000126598 15 0.395 8 193905 0.017 23.759 1.58
8 F 0.000126598 21 0.395 8 193905 0.017 33.262 1.58
9 G 0.000126598 21 0.395 8 193905 0.017 33.262 1.58
10 H 0.000126598 15 0.395 8 193905 0.017 23.759 1.58
11 I 0.000126598 15 0.395 8 193905 0.017 23.759 1.58
12 J 0.000126598 15 0.395 8 193905 0.017 23.759 1.58

Pressure Losses = ΔP1 + ΔP2 + ΔP3 + ΔP4 + ΔP4 + ΔP5 + ΔP6 + ΔP7 + ΔP8 + ΔP9
= 368.1 Pa

3.2 Engine Room Supply Fan Selection

Required Q = 19.1 x 2118.88
= 53967 CFM

Required ΔP = 230.8 x 0.004014632

= 1.477958 inch og H2O

; 1 m3/s = 2118.88 CFM

; 1 Pa = 0.004014632 inch of H2O

Engine Room Supply Fan Specification

Manufacturer = HARTZELL - Motor Spec
Type = 44-M-486DA---STAIP4 Type = Y160L-4
Capacity [m3/h] = 43187 CFM Power = 15 kW
Power = 20 HP = 15 kW Voltage = 380 Volt
RPM = 1175 Freq = 50 Hz
Phase = 3
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3. Engine Room Exhaust Fan
According to CATEPILLAR Application & Installation Guide Engine Room Ventilation,
Ventilation air exhaust systems should be designed to maintain a slight positive or
negative pressure in the engine room, depending on the specific application. Positive
pressure should normally not exceed .050 kPa or (0.2 in. H2O).
So,
Pressure From Supply Fan : 1.477958 inch og H2O CFM = 43174
Min. Pressure of Supply Fan : 1.182367 inch og H2O
Engine Room Exhaust Fan Specification (Same with E/R Supply Fan)
Manufacturer = HARTZELL - Motor Spec
Type = 44-M-486DA---STAIP4 Type = Y160L-4
Capacity [m3/h] = 43187 CFM Power = 15 kW
Power = 20 HP = 15 kW Voltage = 380 Volt
RPM = 1175 Freq = 50 Hz
Phase = 3

Attachement

E/R Supply and Exhaust Fan

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Motor Spec