A

PROJECT REPORT

ON

“USE OF SENSORS IN MONITORING OF BRIDGES”

Submitted By

PREM SINGH

Membership No: - ST-603152-3

Under the guidance of

Dr. Mahua Ajay Kumar Chakrabarti

Membership No: F-1138339

For the partial fulfillment of

B.TECH. CIVIL

To
 Department of civil Engineering

CERTIFICATE

I the undersigned certify that the Project Report on “USE OF SENSORS

IN MONITORING OF BRIDGES” prepared by me is an original work

and I have not submitted this project work to any other institutions for

fulfillment of the requirement of a course of study.

Project Guide Mr. Prem Singh

Dr. Mahua Ajay Kumar Chakrabarti Membership No: - ST-603152-3

Membership No: F-1138339 SECTION B (CIVIL)

 J Kumar Infraprojects Ltd.
Infrastructure Department

Plot No 34, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai - 410210, Behind Central Park, Sector No 28

Date: - 02.01.2018.
CERTIFICATE

This is to certify Mr. Prem Singh has worked on use of sensors in monitoring of

bridges for Navi Mumbai metro. He has prepared the project report on “USE OF

SENSORS IN MONITORING OF BRIDGES”. His performance and effort

during this work was admirable and I extent my best wishes for successful

completion of this project work.

(A.S. PATIL)
Project Manager
(Infrastructure)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I wish to express my thanks to Smt. Dr. Mahua Ajay Kumar Chakrabarti

(F-1138339) for her keen interest and timely guidance during the course of my

project work on “USE OF SENSORS IN MONITORING OF BRIDGES”. Her

timely guidance and vast experience have helped me in preparing this project

report. I even thank Shri. A.S. PATIL (Project Manager) for guiding me on the

“USE OF SENSORS IN MONITORING OF BRIDGES” for NAVI Mumbai

Metro project.

Mr. Prem Singh

Membership No: - ST-603152-3
SECTION B (CIVIL).
 ABSTRACT

The most common health monitoring system for bridge is visual

inspection. Bridges are to be inspected within every two years. This
might be suitable for monitoring the structurally sufficient noncritical
structures but not reliable when it comes to monitoring actual health of
structures. Remote monitoring of structures reduces man hour providing
accurate results and up-to date data which allows assessing the integrity
of a structure. Recent advances on sensing, communication and storage
technologies have also enabled the use of broad-scale Structural Health
Monitoring (SHM) system to the infrastructures. In general, a typical
SHM system includes three major components: a sensor system, a data
processing system and a health evaluation system. Researches have been
carried out to improve the monitoring system and their implementation
on infrastructures. Various sensing technology and data acquisition
system have been proposed. Wireless Sensor Network system (WSNs)
and Wireless Smart Sensor Network system (WSSNs) have been studied
and applied to replace traditional wired sensor system for monitoring
structural health. Generally used wireless technology includes acoustic
Emission Technique to detect crack, fiber optic sensors for strain &
temperature measurement, LVDT as displacement sensor. This paper
gives an overview of the proposed monitoring system, their application
and suitability on the bridges based on the existing research.
 CONTENTS

1. Introduction ……………………………………………...….................................………………….…….….…1

2. Bridge maintenance strategy ……………………...…………………………………….………………………...2

3. Estimation of bridge construction……………………………………………….…………………….……...….8

4. Bridge maintenance based on an economic analysis …………………………………………….…...11

5. Application of ASOP to bridge maintenance ………………………………..….….……….….………...13

6. Economic analysis……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 14

7. Identification and selection of bridge maintenance elements……………………………………. 17

8. Number of maintenance elements……………………………………………………………………….…... 19

9. Control of materials source of supply and materials requirements………………………....….21

10. Plant inspection (general)……………………………………………………………………………………………23

11. Structural health monitoring of bridges……………………………………………………….….…...…… 24

12. Wireless smart sensor network system (wssns)…………………………………………………………. 28

13. Application of different types of sensors in shm…………………………………………………….……30

14. Fiber Optic Sensor (FOS) ………………………………………………...……………………...………………….33

15. FBG function………………………………………………………………………………………………………….......39

16. Scanning for bridge-health data………………………………………………………………………………....42

17. Display of bridge conditions at sensor locations on a bridge photo…………….…………......47

18. Long-base fiber optic sensors for strain measurements…………………………………….......... 49

19. Wireless Monitoring……………………………………………………………………………………………...……57

20. Bridge Monitoring Experience……………………………………………………………………….…......……61

21. Wireless Sensor Networks for Improved Long-Term Bridge Performance….….………...…70

22. Conclusions………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….….75

23. Bibliography / References……………….……………………………………………………………………….….80