Hans Christian Gram - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Page 1

Hans Christian Gram

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Hans Christian Joachim Gram (September 13, 1853 - November 14, 1938) was a Danish bacteriologist. He was the
son of Frederik Terkel Julius Gram, a professor of jurisprudence, and Louise Christiane Roulund.

Gram studied botany at the University of Copenhagen and and was an assistant in botany to the zoologist Japetus
Steenstrup. His plants introduced him to the basis of pharmacology and the use of the microscope.

He entered medical school in 1878 and graduated in 1883. He travelled throughout Europe between 1878 and 1885. In
Berlin, in 1884, he developed a method for distinguishing between two major classes of bacteria. This technique, the
Gram Stain, continues to be a standard procedure in medical microbiology.

In 1891, Gram became a lecturer in pharmacology, and later that year was appointed professor at the University of
Copenhagen. In 1900 he his Chair in Pharmacology to become Professor of Medicine.

The Gram Stain Professor Hans Christian Gram

The work that gained him international reputation was his development of a method of staining bacteria. The stain later played a major role in
classifying bacteria. Gram was a modest man, and in his initial publication he remarked "I have therefore published the method, although I am aware
that as yet it is very defective and imperfect; but it is hoped that also in the hands of other investigators it will turn out to be useful."

Other Work
His initial work concerned the study of Red blood cells in man. He was among the first to recognise that macrocytes were characteristic of pernicious
anaemia.

After his appointment as professor of Medicine in 1900 he published four volumes of clinical lectures which became widely used in Denmark. He
retired in 1923.

References
B.G. Firkin & J.A.Whitworth (1987). Dictionary of Medical Eponyms. Parthenon Publishing. ISBN 1-85070-333-7

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Categories: 1853 births | 1938 deaths | Danish scientists

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