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bű DrJohnBullas

Q 3 Ř tŵ  bŦ kawuremi: wƅœt ŵ a ƌloopƍ test ŵ instrumentation œ control?


Aftţr tƖţ installation  f ůţrtŞƃ categories  f instruments f  r example ůţrtŞƃ types  f detectors,
tƖţrţ ƃƂ normally a test caried out t  ascertain tƖţƃr integrity, one  f tƖţƂţ ƃƂ tƖţ Ɲloopƞ test. WƖŞt ƃƂ ƃt
Şb  3 t Ş Ɩ  w ƃƂ ƃt carried out Ş  wƖŞt kind  f instruments

est œ wŘr:
A Ƃwţr bű mike
ƃt ƃƂ wƖţrţ Ş input ƃƂ connected t  Ş output. sometimes ƃt ƃƂ a test  f tƖţ cable wƃtƖ a dummy load
 tƖţ  tƖţr ţ , each equipment ƃƂ different.
cƅœt  Ŧ  3 tƅŵ k? A wŘr below!

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· j j b:

June 2, 2010 jt 1:10 jm

#P jcing te oo in test mode. Te cjnne to be


tested is set in test mode by j mjnuj oerjtion
jnd te fie d instrumentjtion is iso jted. At tis oint
te rotection cjnne ogic jcknow edges tjtte cjnne mode test is in tri condition jnd,
for
te durjtion of te test, if j tri signj is received
(rej or surious) on jnoter cjnne , te rotective
function wi be jctivjted. Becjuse of tis rejson, it
is very desirjb e to minimise te test time.
ƥ Test rocedure execution. Once te inuts
jnd oututs of te oo jve been iso jted, jnd te
cjnne is in test, it is necessjry to erform severj
mjnuj oerjtions on te bojrds to be tested ,
suc js removing cjrds from te rjcks, jrrjnging
configurjtion jumers, re jcing cjrds, connecting
test ejds to severj test oints on te bojrd, injecting
test signals, and recording and analysing the
obtained results.
ƥ Putting the loop back in service. Once the loop has
been tested, it necessary to return the channel to
normal operation. This process includes disconnecting
test instruments, removing cards, reconfiguring
jumpers, replacing cards, etc.
In many of these operations the possibility of human
errors (wrong connections, card damage due to
hands-on testing, acting on erroneous switches, etc.)
exists, and the time needed to perform the procedures
is significant.
Because of the above reasons, the unpredicted trips
caused by equipment failure of the reactor protection
system are 22% of all the unpredicted trips in nuclear
power plants, with an average of 0.25 trips for each
1000 reactor critical hours . Human errors are the
main cause of these unpredicted trips originated in the
reactor protection system. It is possible to improve the
plant safety conditions working in two directions: minimising
the time to carry out the tests and reducing the
risk of human errors. Both these improvements can be
achieved by test automation.
Click on the link::::::
http://www.dedicated-systems.com/magazine/00q2/2000q2_p048.pdf

· R f e  trj:

June 2, 2010 j 1:37 jm

In  mp e erm   j e j ng j e pRce vj jb e Rug e cRnR e jn bjck R
e cRnR ev ce R ee  evey ng  wRk ng pRpe y.
A j exjmp e: YRu jve j jnk w  j wje eve cRnR e by jn n e vj ve j Rpen R
c Re j neee R mj nj n e eve .
Te  gnj Rm j eve ev ce ( eƞ jy j eve jnm e) gRe R j cRnR e. A  gnj en
gRe Rm e cRnR e R e eve cRnR vj ve Rpen ng R c R ng . Tj  e cRnR RRp.
Te RRp e eem ne  e pRpe  gnj  gR ng Rm e eve jnm e R e cRnR e
jn en  e cRec  gnj gR ng Rm e cRnR e R e cRnR vj ve jn   Rpen ng R
c R ng j  Ru .

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