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Universidad Rey San Carlos Topic 3 ELECTRICAL MACHINES
Universidad Rey San Carlos Topic 3 ELECTRICAL MACHINES
Universidad Rey San Carlos Topic 3 ELECTRICAL MACHINES
Motor : machines that take advantage of the electrical energy they receive and
transform it into mechanical energy. Eg. fan, mixer, vacuum cleaner. According
to the type of energy they receive, they are classified into: direct current motors
and alternating current motors.
V1 I2 N1
= = =m
V2 I1 N
“m” is the transformer transformation ratio. It is a real number, that is, there is no phase
change between primary and secondary.
Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica
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V1 I2
N1
= = =m
V2 I1 N 2
1 =2 I1 I2
Psalida = Pentrada → V2 I2 = V1I1
+ +
The apparent impedance in the primary is:
V V V1 V2 ZL
ZL = = m
' 1 22 = m 2
Z - -
L
I1 I2
✓In practice , the voltage is raised to reduce the current and therefore
the losses (high voltage lines). Step-up transformer .
✓ Before
distribution to
homes, offices
or factories, the
transformers
lower the voltage
level
again. Step -
down transformer
in transformation
centers
Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica
11
http://www.ree.es/es/actividades/gestor-de-la-red-y-transportista/mapas-de-la-red
Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica
13
Example. A wire 1 m long and through which a current of 0.5 A flows is located in a
magnetic field (perpendicular to the wire) whose flux density is 0.25
T. Find the induced force.
Sol. F = 0.125 N
Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica
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• They have two parts: a fixed cylindrical part called the stator and
a moving part placed in the cavity of the stator called
the rotor . The air gap between the two is called the air gap.
• The magnetic field existing in the air gap is the means of
coupling between the electrical and mechanical systems.
Estátor
Rotor
air gap
Entrehierro Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica
15
Principle of operation
the motor is connected to a power
source power supply, current flows
through the inductor coils current flows
through the inductor coils creating a
magnetic field..
d
Vinducido =− = (v B)dl
dt
Los The alternators are AC generators The rotor acts as an inductor and the
stator as an armature,
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica