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Gravimetric Determination of Calcium As Cac2O4 - H2O13
Gravimetric Determination of Calcium As Cac2O4 - H2O13
Gravimetric Determination of Calcium As Cac2O4 - H2O13
H2O Quantitative
Chemical Analysis
16
2. Gravimetric Determination of Calcium as CaC2O4 . H2O13
Calcium ion can be analyzed by precipitation with oxalate in basic solution to
form CaC2O4 . H2O. The precipitate is soluble in acidic solution because the
oxalate anion is a weak base. Large, easily filtered, relatively pure crystals of
product will be obtained if the precipitation is carried out slowly.
Reagents
Ammonium oxalate solution: Make 1 L of solution containing 40 g of
(NH4)2C2O4 plus 25 mL of 12 M HCl. Each student will need 80 mL of this
solution.
Methyl red indicator: Dissolve 20 mg of the indicator in 60 mL of ethanol and
add 40 mL H2O.
0.1 M HCl: (225 mL/student) Dilute 8.3 mL of 37% HCl up to 1 L.
Urea: 45 g/student.
Unknowns: Prepare 1 L of solution containing 15–18 g of CaCO3 plus 38 mL
of 12 M HCl.
Each student will need 100 mL of this solution. Alternatively, solid unknowns
are available from Thorn Smith.2
Procedure
1. Dry three medium-porosity, sintered-glass funnels for 1–2 h at 105°C. Cool
them in a desiccator for 30 min and weigh them. Repeat the procedure with
30-min heating periods until successive weighings agree to within 0.3 mg. Use
a paper towel or tongs, not your fingers, to handle the funnels. Alternatively, a
900-W kitchen microwave oven dries the
crucible to constant mass in two heating periods of 4 min and 2 min (with 15
min allowed for
13. C. H. Hendrickson and P. R. Robinson, J. Chem. Ed. 1979, 56, 341.
Green Profile
See Section 0
2. Gravimetric Determination of Calcium as CaC2O4 . H2O Quantitative
Chemical Analysis
17
cooldown after each cycle).14 You will need to experiment with your oven to
find appropriate heating times.
2. Use a few small portions of unknown to rinse a 25-mL transfer pipet, and
discard the washings. Use a rubber bulb, not your mouth, to provide suction.
Transfer exactly 25 mL of unknown to each of three 250- to 400-mL beakers,
and dilute each with ~75 mL of 0.1 M HCl. Add 5 drops of methyl red
indicator solution to each beaker. This indicator is red below pH 4.8 and
yellow above pH 6.0.
4. Filter each hot solution through a weighed funnel, using suction (Figure 2-
17 in the textbook). Add ~3 mL of ice-cold water to the beaker, and use a
rubber policeman to help transfer the remaining solid to the funnel. Repeat
this procedure with small portions of icecold water until all of the precipitate
has been transferred to the funnel. Finally, use two 10-mL portions of ice-cold
water to rinse each beaker, and pour the washings over the precipitate.
5. Dry the precipitate, first with aspirator suction for 1 min, then in an oven at
105°C for 1–2 h.
Bring each filter to constant mass. The product is somewhat hygroscopic, so
only one filter at a time should be removed from the desiccator, and weighings
should be done rapidly.
Alternatively, the precipitate can be dried in a microwave oven once for 4
min, followed by several 2-min periods, with cooling for 15 min before
weighing. This drying procedure does not remove the water of crystallization.
Reactivos
Solución de oxalato de amonio: Hacer 1 L de solución que contiene 40 g
de (NH4) 2C2O4, más 25 ml de HCl 12 M. Cada estudiante tendrá 80 ml
de esta solución.
Indicador rojo de metilo: Disolver 20 mg del indicador en 60 ml de etanol
y añadir 40 ml de H2O.
HCl 0,1 M: (225 ml / estudiante) Diluir 8,3 ml de HCl al 37% hasta 1 L.
Urea: 45 g / estudiante.
Desconocidos: Preparar 1 litro de solución que contiene 15-18 g de
CaCO3, más 38 ml de HCl 12 M.
Cada estudiante tendrá 100 ml de esta solución. Alternativamente,
incógnitas sólidos están disponibles desde Thorn Smith.2
Procedimiento
1. Seco tres de porosidad media, embudos de vidrio sinterizado de 1-2
horas a 105 ° C. Enfriar en un desecador durante 30 minutos y pesar.
Repita el procedimiento con los períodos de calentamiento de 30 min
hasta pesadas sucesivas de acuerdo con una precisión de 0,3 mg. Utilice
una toalla de papel o pinzas, no con los dedos, para manejar los
embudos. Alternativamente, unos 900-W de cocina se seca el horno de
microondas
crisol a masa constante en dos períodos de calentamiento de 4 min y 2
min (con 15 min permitido para
13. C. Hendrickson H. y P. R. Robinson, J. Chem.. Ed.. 1979, 56, 341.
Perfil Verde
Vea la Sección 0
2. Determinación gravimétrica de calcio que CaC2O4. Análisis químico
cuantitativo H2O
17
de enfriamiento después de cada ciclo) .14 Usted tendrá que
experimentar con su horno para encontrar los momentos adecuados de
calefacción.
2. Utilice algunas porciones pequeñas de origen desconocido para
enjuagar una pipeta de transferencia de 25 ml, y descartar los lavados.
Utilice una perilla de goma, no con la boca, para proporcionar succión.
Transferir exactamente 25 ml de desconocido a cada uno de tres 250 - a
400-mL vasos de precipitados, y se diluye con cada ~ 75 ml de HCl 0,1
M. Agregar 5 gotas de solución de indicador rojo de metilo a cada vaso.
Este indicador es de color rojo por debajo de pH 4,8 y el amarillo por
encima de pH 6,0.