Shs World-Religion q4 Module 2

Introduction of World
Religion and Belief
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System
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Quarter 4 - Module 2:
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Hinduism
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Strictly for students use only of the Division of Cebu Province. DO NOT share to other divisions and other teaching or non-teaching personnel. Any violation will be dealt with accordingly. Beta evaluation is still pending.
Introduction of World Religion and Belief System
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 2: Hinduism
First Edition, 2021
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wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
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agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
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Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
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trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
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Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represetnt nor claim ownership
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over them.
Published by the Department of Education m

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Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
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Development Team of the Module

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Writer: Leonard Patrick F. Bayno

Editor: Michael G. Gersamio / Caren C. Avanceña
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Reviewers: Elma J. Pono / Annabel A. Banguiran

Illustrator: Leonard Patrick F. Bayno
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Management Team
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Schools Division Superintendent: Marilyn S. Andales

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Assistant Schools Division Superintendents: Lorenzo M. Dizon

Fay C. Luarez
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Anelito A. Bongcawil
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SHS Divison Coordinator: Clavel D. Salinas
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Introduction of World
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Religion and Belief
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Quarter 4 - Module 2:
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Hinduism
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WHAT I NEED TO KNOW
This module is exclusively prepared for you to learn lessons in this core subject entitled
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“Introduction of World Religion and Belief Systems”. The activities are carefully devised to
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meet your level of knowledge and understanding. Hopefully, with great patience and hardwork,
this module can help you fully comprehend and assimilate the brief history, core teachings,
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fundamental beliefs, practices, and related issues of Hinduism. Fear not if you do this alone
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for this is a guided module. Directions are provided in every part for your convenience.
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Here is the competency expected for you to master:
Analyze the brief history, core teachings, fundamental beliefs, practices, and related issues of
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Hinduism.
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At the end of this module, you are expected to:

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1. identify all the essential terminologies and symbologies of Hinduism.

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2. analyze the six schools of philosophy of Hinduism and situations that portray the
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practice of Dharma.
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3. show appreciation to Hinduism as a religion.

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WHAT I KNOW
Directions: Read the questions carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
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1. In Hinduism, it is a thing called as “the belief in soul”.
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a) atman
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b) nirvana
c) moksha
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d) reincarnation
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2. What is the famous sacred text of Hinduism?
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a) Atharvaveda
b) Vedas
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c) Bible
d) The Analects
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3. In Hinduism religion, he is the God responsible for the god responsible for the creation
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of the world and all living things.
a) Shiva
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b) Vishnu
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c) Devi
d) Brahma
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4. The goddess of learning in Hinduism

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a) Saraswati
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b) Lakshmi
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c) Krishna
d) Devi
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5. In Hinduism, he is the God that preserves and protects the universe.

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a) Brahma
b) Lakshmi
c) Vishnu
d) Devi
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6. She is the goddess of wealth and purity in Hinduism.
a) Lakshmi
b) Devi
c) Krishna
d) Saraswati
7. What is the name of the sect of the followers of Brahman and all other major deities?
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a) Deism
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b) Smarta
c) Shivaism
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d) Brahamanism
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8. What is the name of the sect of the followers of Shiva?
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a) Shivaism
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b) Brahamanism
c) Shivism
d) Vaishnava
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9. In Hinduism, it is called the festival of lights.
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a) Vaisyas
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b) Holi
c) Shudras
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d) Diwali
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10. It is a celebration of fertility and harvest.

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a) Raksha Bandhan
b) Kshatriyas
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c) Navaratri
d) Shaktism
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WHAT’S IN
TELL ME WHAT IS IT
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Directions: Match the words in the box to the given photos.
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Write the appropriate word on the space provided below each of the given photo.
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Saraswati Raksha Bandhan Devi
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Mandir Maha Shivaratri Brahman
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Maha Shivaratri Vishnu
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Lakshmi Krishna
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1. 2. 3.
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4. 5. 6.
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7. 8. 9. 10.
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Directions: Answer the questions thoroughly.
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1. How different is Hinduism from Judaism, Christianity and Islam?
2. Why do you think Hinduism is a unique religion?
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WHAT’S NEW
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Directions: Read the poem slowly and carefully.

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We Do Not
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by Mirabai
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We do not get a human life

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Just for the asking.

Birth in a human body
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Is the reward for good deeds

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In former births.
Life waxes and wanes imperceptibly,
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It does not stay long.

The leaf that has once fallen
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Does not return to the branch.

Behold the Ocean of Transmigration.
With its swift, irresistible tide.
O Lal Giridhara, O pilot of my soul,
Swiftly conduct my barque to the further shore.
Mira is the slave of Lal Giridhara.
She says: Life lasts but a few days only.
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Directions: Answer the questions deliberately.
1. What is the message being conveyed in the poem?

2. Why do you think the author gives that message?
3. How is Hinduism portrayed in the poem?
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WHAT IS IT
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HINDUISM
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Hinduism is the world’s oldest religion, according to many scholars, with roots and
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customs dating back more than 4,000 years. Today, with about 900 million followers, Hinduism
is the third-largest religion behind Christianity and Islam. Roughly 95 percent of the world’s
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Hindus live in India. Because the religion has no specific founder, it’s difficult to trace its origins
and history. Hinduism is unique in that it’s not a single religion but a compilation of many
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traditions and philosophies.

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Hinduism Beliefs
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Some basic Hindu concepts include:

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►Hinduism embraces many religious ideas. For this reason, it’s

sometimes referred to as a “way of life” or a “family of religions,” as
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opposed to a single, organized religion.

►Most forms of Hinduism are henotheistic, which means they worship
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a single deity, known as “Brahman,” but still recognize other gods and
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goddesses. Followers believe there are multiple paths to reaching their

god.
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►Hindus believe in the doctrines of samsara (the continuous cycle of

life, death, and reincarnation) and karma (the universal law of cause
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and effect).
►One of the key thoughts of Hinduism is “atman,” or the belief in soul.
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This philosophy holds that living creatures have a soul, and they’re all
part of the supreme soul. The goal is to achieve “moksha,” or salvation,
which ends the cycle of rebirths to become part of the absolute soul.
►One fundamental principle of the religion is the idea that people’s
actions and thoughts directly determine their current life and future
lives.
►Hindus strive to achieve dharma, which is a code of living that
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emphasizes good conduct and morality. Nevertheless, the best way to
protect and uphold any faith is to practice it, rather than brag about it or
wage wars about it. Hence, in today’s context these ten duties become
even more important:
o Duty towards self o Duty towards gods

o Duty towards ancestors o Duty towards progeny
o Duty towards fellow human beings o Duty towards other living beings
o Duty towards society o Moral duties
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o Professional (caste) duties o Duties towards other faiths
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►Hindus revere all living creatures and consider the cow a sacred
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animal.
►Food is an important part of life for Hindus. Most don’t eat beef or
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pork, and many are vegetarians.
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►Hinduism is closely related to other Indian religions, including
Buddhism, Sikhism and Jainism.
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Hinduism Symbols
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There are two primary symbols associated with Hinduism, the om and the swastika. The
word swastika means “good fortune” or “being happy” in Sanskrit, and the symbol represents
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good luck. (A diagonal version of the swastika later became associated with Germany’s Nazi
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Party when they made it their symbol in 1920.)

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The om symbol is composed of three Sanskrit letters and represents three sounds
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(a, u and m), which when combined are considered a sacred sound. The om symbol is often
found at family shrines and in Hindu temples.
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Hinduism Holy Books

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Hindus value many sacred writings as opposed to one holy book.

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The primary sacred texts, known as the Vedas, were composed around 1500 B.C.
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This collection of verses and hymns was written in Sanskrit and contains revelations received
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by ancient saints and sages.

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The Vedas are the religious texts which inform the religion of Hinduism (also known
as Sanatan Dharma meaning “Eternal Order” or “Eternal Path”). The term veda means
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“knowledge” in that they are thought to contain the fundamental knowledge relating to the
underlying cause of, function of, and personal response to existence. They are considered
among the oldest, if not the oldest, religious works in the world. They are commonly referred to
as “scripture”, which is accurate in that they can be defined as holy writ concerning the nature
of the Divine. Unlike the scriptures of other religions, however, the Vedas are not thought to
have been revealed to a certain person or persons at a specific historical moment; they are
believed to have always existed and were apprehended by sages in deep meditative states at
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some point prior to c. 1500 BCE but precisely when is unknown.
The Vedas are made up of:
►The Rig Veda – The Rig Veda is the earliest of the four Vedas and one of the
most important texts of the Hindu tradition. It is a large collection of hymns in praise
of the gods, which are chanted in various rituals. They were composed in an
archaic language named Vedic that gradually evolved into classical Sanskrit.
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►The Samaveda – The Samaveda is shortest of all the four Vedas. It is closely
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connected with the Rigveda. It is important to note that the Samhita of the
Samaveda is an independent collection (Samhita), yet it has taken many verses,
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a large number indeed, from the Samhita of Rigveda. These verses are chiefly
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derived from the eighth and the ninth Mandalas of the Rigveda. The Samaveda
is compiled exclusively for ritual application, for its verses are all meant to be
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chanted at the ceremonies of the Soma-sacrifice and procedures derived from it.
The Samaveda is, therefore, specially intended for the Udagatr priest. Its stanzas
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assume their proper character of musical samans or chants only in the various
song-books called Ganas. According to the Jaiminiya Sutra – ‘Melody is called
Saman.’
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►Yajurveda – The Yajurveda is more pronouncedly a ritual Veda for it is essentially
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a guide-book for the Adhvaryu priest who had to do practically all ritualistic works in
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a sacrifice. His works vary from the selection of a plot of land for the sacrificial altar
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down to offering oblations to the sacred fires. Just as the Samaveda-Samhita is the
song-book of the Udgata priest, so the Yajurveda-Samhitas are the prayer-books
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for the Adhvaryu priest. It is solely meant for the purposes of sacrificial rituals. The
Yajurveda is also important for its presentation of philosophical doctrines. It
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preaches the concept of Prana and Manas also. Many times, it is quoted for
depicting religious and social life of the Vedic people. It is also known for giving
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certain geographical data.

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►Atharvaveda – The Veda of the Atharvanis the Atharvaveda. Atharvan denotes

directions and mantras especially in connection to ward off evil and hardship and
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also contains philosophical thoughts. ‘Atharvan‘ originally means ‘priest’ and the
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Mantras in the Atharvaveda-Samhita were brought to light by Rishi Atharva. The

Atharvaveda is looked upon as the Veda of varied knowledge. It contains numerous
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Mantras, which according to their subject-matter, can be broadly divided into three
categories:
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1. Related to the cure of diseases and destruction of adverse forces.

2. Related to establish peace, protection, health, wealth, friendship and long life.
3. Related to the nature of Supreme Reality, time, death and immortality.
Hindus believe that the Vedas transcend all time and don’t have a beginning or an end.
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The Upanishads, the Bhagavad Gita, 18 Puranas, Ramayana and Mahabharata are
also considered important texts in Hinduism.
Origins of Hinduism
Most scholars believe Hinduism started somewhere between 2300 B.C. and 1500
B.C. in the Indus Valley, near modern-day Pakistan. But many Hindus argue that their faith is
timeless and has always existed.
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Unlike other religions, Hinduism has no one founder but is instead a fusion of various
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beliefs.
Around 1500 B.C., the Indo-Aryan people migrated to the Indus Valley, and their language and
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culture blended with that of the indigenous people living in the region. There’s some debate
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over who influenced who more during this time.
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The period when the Vedas were composed became known as the “Vedic Period” and
lasted from about 1500 B.C. to 500 B.C. Rituals, such as sacrifices and chanting, were
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common in the Vedic Period.
The Epic, Puranic and Classic Periods took place between 500 B.C. and 500 A.D.
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Hindus began to emphasize the worship of deities, especially Vishnu, Shiva and Devi.
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The concept of dharma was introduced in new texts, and other faiths, such as Buddhism
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and Jainism, spread rapidly.

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Hindu Gods
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Hindus worship many gods and goddesses in addition to Brahman, who is believed to
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be the supreme God force present in all things.

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Some of the most prominent deities include:

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►Brahma: the god responsible for the creation of the world and all living things
►Vishnu: the god that preserves and protects the universe
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►Shiva: the god that destroys the universe in order to recreate it

►Devi: the goddess that fights to restore dharma
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►Krishna: the god of compassion, tenderness and love

►Lakshmi: the goddess of wealth and purity
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►Saraswati: the goddess of learning

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Hindu Places of Worship
Hindu worship, which is known as “puja,” typically takes place in the Mandir (temple).
Followers of Hinduism can visit the Mandir any time they please.
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Hindus can also worship at home, and many have a special shrine dedicated to certain
gods and goddesses.
The giving of offerings is an important part of Hindu worship. It’s a common practice to
present gifts, such as flowers or oils, to a god or goddess.
Additionally, many Hindus take pilgrimages to temples and other sacred sites in India.
Sects of Hinduism
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Hinduism has many sects, and is sometimes divided into the following:
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►Shaivism (followers of Shiva)
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►Vaishnava (followers of Vishnu)
►Shaktism (followers of Devi)
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►Smarta (followers of Brahman and all major deities)
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►Some Hindus elevate the Hindu trinity, which consists of Brahma, Vishnu and
Shiva. Others believe that all the deities are a manifestation of one.
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Hindu Caste System
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The caste system is a social hierarchy in India that divides Hindus based on their karma
and dharma. Many scholars believe the system dates back more than 3,000 years.
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The four main castes (in order of prominence) include:

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►Brahmin: the intellectual and spiritual leaders

►Kshatriyas: the protectors and public servants of society
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►Vaisyas: the skillful producers

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►Shudras: the unskilled laborers

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Many subcategories also exist within each caste. The “Untouchables” are a class of
citizens that are outside the caste system and considered to be in the lowest level of the social
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hierarchy.
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For centuries, the caste system determined every aspect of a person’s social,
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professional and religious status in India.

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When India became an independent nation, its constitution banned discrimination

based on caste.
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Today, the caste system still exists in India but is loosely followed. Many of the old
customs are overlooked, but some traditions, such as only marrying within a specific caste,
are still embraced.
Hindu Holidays
A Pakistani Hindu family offers prayers and light candles as they mark Diwali, the
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Festival of Lights, in Lahore, 2016.
Hindus observe numerous sacred days, holidays and festivals.
Some of the most well-known include:
►Diwali: the festival of lights

►Navaratri: a celebration of fertility and harvest
►Holi: a spring festival
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►Krishna Janmashtami: a tribute to Krishna’s birthday
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►Raksha Bandhan: a celebration of the bond between brother and sister
►Maha Shivaratri: the great festival of Shiva
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Darshan
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Darshan, (Sanskrit: “viewing”) also spelled darshana, in Indian philosophy and religion,
particularly in Hinduism, the beholding of a deity (especially in image form), revered person,
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or sacred object. The experience is considered to be reciprocal and results in the human
viewer’s receiving a blessing. The Rathayatras (chariot festivals), in which images of gods are
taken in procession through the streets, enable even those who in former days were not
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allowed to enter the temple to have darshan of the deity. Darshan is also imparted by gurus
(personal spiritual teachers) to their followers, by rulers to their subjects, and by objects of
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veneration such as pilgrimage shrines to their visitors.

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In Indian philosophy the term designates the distinctive way in which each philosophical
system looks at things, including its exposition of sacred scriptures and authoritative knowledge.
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The six principal Hindu Darshans are:

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► Samkhya – A theistic and strongly dualist theoretical exposition of

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consciousness and matter. Samkhya adopts a consistent dualism of matter

(prakriti) and the eternal spirit (purusha). The two are originally separate, but
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in the course of evolution purusha mistakenly identifies itself with aspects

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of prakriti. Right knowledge consists of the ability of purusha to distinguish

itself from prakriti. The Samkhya school assumes the existence of two
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bodies, a temporal body and a body of “subtle” matter that persists after
biological death. When the former body has perished, the latter migrates to
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another temporal body. The body of subtle matter consists of the higher
functions of buddhi (“consciousness”), ahamkara (“I-consciousness”),
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manas (“mind as coordinator of sense impressions”), and prana (“breath,”

the principle of vitality). Samkhya posits the existence of an infinite number
of similar but separate purushas, none superior to any other. Because
purusha and prakriti are sufficient to explain the universe, the existence
of a god is not hypothesized. The purusha is ubiquitous, all-conscious, all-
pervasive, motionless, unchangeable, immaterial, and without desire.
Prakriti is the universal and subtle nature that is determined only by time
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and space.
► Yoga – A school which emerged from Sankhya and emphasises on

practical use of Sankhya theory. This school focuses on meditation,
contemplation and liberation. The four known Yogas are The Path of
Knowledge (Jnana Yoga), The Path of Work (Karma Yoga), The Path of
Love (Bhakti Yoga), and The Path of Meditation (Raja Yoga). The practical
aspects of Yoga play a more important part than does its intellectual
content, which is largely based on the philosophy of Samkhya, with the
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exception that Yoga assumes the existence of God, who is the model for
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the aspirant who seeks spiritual release. Yoga holds with Samkhya that the
achievement of spiritual liberation (moksha) occurs when the spirit
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(purusha) is freed from the bondage of matter (prakriti) that has resulted
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from ignorance and illusion. The Samkhya view of the evolution of the world
through identifiable stages leads Yoga to attempt to reverse this order, as
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it were, so that a person can increasingly dephenomenalize the self until
it reenters its original state of purity and consciousness. An aspirant who
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has learned to control and suppress the obscuring activities of the mind
and has succeeded in ending attachment to material objects will be able to
enter samadhi—i.e., a state of deep concentration that results in a blissful
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ecstatic union with the ultimate reality.
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► Nyāya or logic – The school of epistemology which explores sources
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of knowledge. Like the other systems, Nyaya is both philosophical and

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religious. Its ultimate concern is to bring an end to human suffering, which

results from ignorance of reality. Liberation is brought about through right
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knowledge. Nyaya is thus concerned with the means of right knowledge.

The Nyaya school holds that there are four valid means of knowledge:
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perception (pratyaksha), inference (anumana), comparison (upamana),

and sound, or testimony (shabda). Invalid knowledge involves memory,
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doubt, error, and hypothetical argument The Nyaya theory of causation

defines a cause as an unconditional and invariable antecedent of an effect.
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In its emphasis on sequence—an effect does not preexist in its cause—the

Nyaya theory is at variance with the Samkhya-Yoga and Vedantist views,
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but it is not unlike modern Western inductive logic in this respect.

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► Vaiśeṣika – An empiricist school of atomism. The Vaisheshika school

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attempts to identify, inventory, and classify the entities and their relations
that present themselves to human perceptions. It lists six categories of
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being (padarthas), to which was later added a seventh. These are:
1. Dravya, or substance, the substratum that exists independently of all

other categories, and the material cause of all compound things produced
from it. Dravyas are nine in number: earth, water, fire, air, ether, time,
space, spirit, and mind.
2. Guna, or quality, which in turn is subdivided into 24 species.
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3. Karma, or action. Both guna and karma inhere within dravya and cannot
exist independently of it.
4. Samanya, or genus, which denotes characteristic similarities that allow
two or more objects to be classed together.
5. Vishesha, or specific difference, which singles out an individual of that
class.
6. Samavaya, or inherence, which indicates things inseparably connected.
To these six was later added abhava, nonexistence or absence.
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Though negative in content, the impression it makes is positive; one has
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a perception of an absence where one misses something. Four such
absences are recognized: previous absence, as of a new product; later
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absence, as of a destroyed object; total absence, as of colour in the wind;
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and reciprocal absence, as of a jar and a cloth, neither of which is the other.
The Vaisheshika system holds that the smallest, indivisible, indestructible
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part of the world is an atom (anu). All physical things are a combination of the
atoms of earth, water, fire, and air. Inactive and motionless in themselves,
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the atoms are put into motion by God’s will, through the unseen forces of
moral merit and demerit.
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► Mīmāṃsā – An anti-ascetic and anti-mysticist school of orthopraxy. This
school deals with the correct interpretation of the verses in Vedas. The goal
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of Mimamsa is to provide enlightenment on dharma, which in this school is
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understood as the set of ritual obligations and prerogatives that, if properly

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performed, maintains the harmony of the world and furthers the personal
goals of the performer. Since dharma cannot be known through either
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perception or reasoning, one must depend on revelation in the Vedas,

which are considered eternal, authorless, and absolutely infallible.
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► Vedānta – The last segment of knowledge in the Vedas, or jñānakāṇḍa

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(section of knowledge). Vedanta is also referred as Uttara-Mimamsa.The

three fundamental Vedanta texts are: the Upanishads (the mostfavoured
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being the longer and older ones such as the Brihadaranyaka, the
Chandogya, the Taittiriya, and the Katha); the Brahma-sutras (also called
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Vedanta-sutras), which are very brief, even one-word interpretations of the

doctrine of the Upanishads; and the Bhagavadgita (“Song of the Lord”),
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which, because of its immense popularity, was drawn upon for support of
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the doctrines found in the Upanishads. The Vedanta schools do, however,
hold in common a number of beliefs: the transmigration of the self (samsara)
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and the desirability of release from the cycle of rebirths; the authority of the
Veda on the means of release; that brahman is both the material (upadana)
and the instrumental (nimitta) cause of the world; and that the self (atman)
is the agent of its own acts (karma) and therefore the recipient of the fruits
(phala), or consequences, of action.
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WHAT’S MORE
THE SIX DARSHANAS OF HINDUISM
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Directions: Analyze the philosophy of the six darshanas of Hinduism. Make a short discourse
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on every philosophy; share your own point of view.
Samkhya
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Analysis:
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Yoga
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Analysis:
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Nyaya
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Analysis:
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Vaisheshika
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Analysis:
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Mimamsa
Analysis:
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Vedanta
Analysis:
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WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
DHARMA AWARENESS
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Lucy was only ten when she started using drugs. Both of her parents were active
addicts, so it was her mom who got her into it. Layla, her mother, always acted like a teenager,
more like a friend than a mom, and she gave Lucy pills for the first time. Lucy was living with
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her back then and she started using consistently—taking a bunch of pills, smoking weed, and
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drinking liquors. The pills were her main thing. She struggled with depression and her parents’
physical and verbal abuse, so then she started using drugs, cutting herself off and bringing
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guys in and out of her life. She started acting out like your typical teenage drug addict, stealing
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and sneaking out at night, but it was all pointless because her mother was high all the time and
didn’t even notice.
If you were a friend of Lucy who has full awareness of the dharmas of Hinduism, how m
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will you encourage, help and guide her to fulfill the following dharmas given below?
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Directions: Write your point or stand in a form of paragraph. One paragraph for each given
dharma. Be thorough in your explanation.
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DUTY TOWARDS SELF

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DUTY TOWARDS FELLOW HUMAN BEINGS

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DUTY TOWARDS SOCIETY
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MORAL DUTIES
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WHAT I CAN DO
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Directions: Simulate one of the four yogas. Paste two pictures in the boxes provided below.
After which, write a reflection paper about your experience when doing the yoga.
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Reflection:
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___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
ESSAY RUBRIC
2 / Needs
5 / Excellent 4 / Very Good 3 / Average 1 / Unacceptable
Improvement
The essay is clear The essay is The writer is Topic is not well- As yet, the
and focused. It mostly focused, beginning to defined and/ essay has no
holds the reader’s and has some define the topic, or there are too clear sense
a t te nt i o n. good details and even though many topics. of purpose or
Relevant details quotes. development central theme. To
Ideas and quotes enrich is still basic or extract meaning
the central theme. general. from the text,
ly
the reader must
On
make inferences
based on sketchy
or missing details.
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The organization The essay (and T h e Sentences within The writing lacks
enhances and paragraphs) are o r gan i z a ti o nal paragraphs a clear sense of
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showcases the mostly organized, structure is make sense, direction. Ideas,
central idea in order, and strong enough to but the order of details, or events
or theme. The makes sense to move the reader paragraphs does seem strung
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Organization
order, structure the reader. through the text not. together in a
of information is without too much loose or random
compelling and confusion. fashion; there is
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moves the reader no identifiable
through the text. internal structure.
The writing has an
easy flow, rhythm,
The writing
mostly flows, and
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The text hums
along with a
The text seems
choppy and is
The reader has
to practice quite
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and cadence. usually invites steady beat, but not easy to read a bit in order to
Sentences are oral reading. tends to be more orally. give the essay a
Sentence
well-built, with businesslike than fair interpretive
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Fluency
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strong and varied musical, more reading.

structure that mechanical than
invites expressive fluid.
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oral reading.
The writer The writer The writer shows The writer seems Errors in spelling,
demonstrates a understands reasonable to have made punc t uat ion,
he
good grasp of good writing control over a little effort to use c a pi ta l i z a ti o n ,

standard writing conventions and limited range of c o n v e n ti o n s : usage, and
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conventions usually uses standard writing s p e l l i n g , grammar and/

(e.g., spelling, them correctly. c o n v e n ti o n s . punc t uat ion, or paragraphing
punc t uat ion, The essay is Conventions c a pi ta l i z a ti o n , repeatedly
db
Conventions c a pi ta l i z a ti o n , easily read and are sometimes u s a g e , distract the

grammar, usage, errors are rare; handled well grammar and/ reader and make
paragraphing) minor touch-ups and enhance or paragraphing the text difficult to
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and uses would get this readability; at have multiple read.

conventions piece ready to be other times, errors.
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effectively submitted. errors are

to enhance distracting and
readability. impair readability.
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The form and The format The writer’s The writer’s The reader
presentation of only has a few message is message is only receives a
the text enhances mistakes and is understandable understandable garbled message
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the ability for generally easy to in this format. occasionally, due to problems
the reader to read and pleasing and the essay is relating to the
Presentation
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understand and to the eye. messily written. presentation of

connect with the the text, and is
message. It is not typed.
pleasing to the
eye.
Rubric taken from https://www.uen.org/rubric/previewRubric.html?id=20123
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___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
ASSESSMENT
Multiple Choice: Read the question slowly and answer carefully. Encircle the letter of the
correct answer.
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1. It is an empiricist school of atomism.
a) Samkhya
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b) Diwali
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c) Vaiśeṣika
d) Dharma
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2. It is the beholding of a deity (especially in image form), revered person, or sacred
object.
a) Yoga m
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b) Diwali
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c) Dharma
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d) Darshana
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3. What is the other term for the path of knowledge in yoga?

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a) Jnana Yoga
b) Karma Yoga
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c) Bhakti Yoga
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d) Raja Yoga
4. This school focuses on meditation, contemplation and liberation.

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a) Mandir
b) Yoga
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c) Navaratri
d) Samkhya
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5. It is a code of living that emphasizes good conduct and morality.

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a) Dharma
b) Darshana
c) Samkhya
d) Holi
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6. What is the other term for the path of meditation in yoga?
a) Bhakti Yoga
b) Jnana Yoga
c) Raja Yoga
d) Karma Yoga
7-9: Read the following situations carefully.
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Situation 1: Sypha makes sure that she looks gorgeous and tidy
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before going to work.
Situation 2: Jude plays his stereo very loud that his neighbors get
m
really annoyed at him.
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Situation 3: Luke sleeps anywhere he wants.
Situation 4: Alexander’s parents provide him whatever he needs and
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teach him how to respect others, be it a rich person or a poor person.
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7. Which of the following situations above that portrays a duty towards self?
a) Situation 1
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b) Situation 2
c) Situation 3
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d) Situation 4
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8. Which of the following situations above that portrays a duty towards progeny?
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a) Situation 1
b) Situation 2
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c) Situation 3
d) Situation 4
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9. Which of the following situations above that portrays a failure to the duty towards
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society?
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a) Situation 1
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b) Situation 2
c) Situation 3
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d) Situation 4
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10. As a student of world religion, what is the best behavior for you to show your appreciation
to Hinduism as a religion?
a) When seeing a Hindu temple, make a short visit to pay your respects.
b) When seeing a Hindu temple, stand outside and make the sign of the cross.
c) When seeing a Hindu temple, go inside and take selfie pictures.
d) None of the above.
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ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY
Directions: Make a photo collage portraying the different issues of Hinduism. Make a short
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description of every photo you put in the collage.
On
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Name: Date:
Grade & Section:
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The Different Issues of Hinduism
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PHOTO COLLAGE RUBRIC
Criteria 4 3 2 1
The collage
Many of the
includes All required 1-2 of the
required
Required all required elements are required
elements are
Elements elements as well present on the elements are
missing from the
ly
as additional collage missing.
collage.
information.
On
All items of Few items of
Almost all items Some items of
importance are importance
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of importance importance are
clearly labelled are labelled.
are labelled labelled. Some
with interesting Some items are
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Labels with appropriate of the chosen
details. The mislabelled.
information. The text is unclear
chosen text is The chosen text
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chosen text is and difficult to
clear and easy is unclear and
appropriate. read.
to read. difficult to read.
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All graphics
Graphics are
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are carefully
related to the Some graphics Few graphics
selected to
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topic. Most are related to are related
enhance the
pictures are the topic, but to the topic.
Graphics understanding
clear and some graphics Many graphics
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of the topic. The
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enhance the are unclear or are unclear or

best pictures
understanding of confusing. confusing.
have been
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the topic.
chosen.
The collage is
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The collage is The collage is

The collage fairly attractive,
exceptionally poorly designed
is attractive in but some
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attractive in and very

terms of design elements are
terms of design unorganized.
Appearance and layout. Most poorly spaced
db
and layout. The Many elements

pictures and and/or cluttered.
pictures and are poorly
text are well The collage
text are well spaced and/or
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organized. appears slightly

organized. cluttered.
unorganized.
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There are There are There are There are 7 or

no spelling, 1-3 spelling, 4-6 spelling, more spelling,
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Conventions
punctuation, or punctuation, or punctuation, or punctuation, or
grammar errors. grammar errors. grammar errors. grammar errors.
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Rubric taken from https://olmc.hwcdsb.ca/classes/beaudoin/98922--Pic-Collage-Rubric?fileID=102987

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___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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On
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___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
BIBLIOGRAPHY
History.com Editors, ‘Hinduism’, History, 30 September 2019, https://www.history.com/topics/

religion/hinduism, (accessed 26 April 2021).
V, Jayaram, ‘The Ten Main Duties (dharmas) in Hinduism’, Hinduwebsite.com, https://www.
ly
On
hinduwebsite.com/buzz/the-ten-main-duties-in-hinduism.asp, (accessed 26 April
2021).
m
ea
Stefon, Matt, ‘Darshan’, Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/topic/darshan, (accessed 26
April 2021).
tT
en
‘The Four Yogas’, http://web.csulb.edu/~wweinste/yogas.html, (accessed 26 April 2021).
m
op
Mirabai, ‘We Do Not’, All Poetry, https://allpoetry.com/We-Do-Not, (accessed 26 April 2021).
l
ve
Mark, Joshua J., ‘The Vedas’, World History Encyclopedia, 9 June 2020, https://www.
De
worldhistory.org/The_Vedas/, (accessed 19 May 2021).

he
‘Rigveda’, British Library, https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/rig-veda#, (accessed 19 May

yt
2021).
db
‘SAMAVEDA’, Vedic Heritage, http://vedicheritage.gov.in/samhitas/samaveda-samhitas/,

te
(accessed 19 May 2021).

es
‘YAJURVEDA’, Vedic Heritage, http://vedicheritage.gov.in/samhitas/yajurveda/, (accessed 19

aT
May 2021).
ph
‘ATHARVAVEDA SAMHITAS’, Vedic Heritage, http://vedicheritage.gov.in/samhitas/

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atharvaveda-samhitas/, (accessed 19 May 2021).
Duignan, Brian, ‘Samkhya’, Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Samkhya, (accessed

19 May 2021).
24
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Stefon, Matt, ‘Yoga’, Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Yoga-philosophy, (accessed
19 May 2021).
Stefon, Matt, ‘Nyaya’, Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Nyaya, (accessed 19 May

2021).
Stefon, Matt, ‘Vaisheshika’, Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Vaisheshika,
ly
On
(accessed 19 May 2021).
m
Stefon, Matt, ‘Mimamsa’, Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Mimamsa, (accessed
ea
19 May 2021).
tT
Stefon, Matt, ‘Vedanta’, Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Vedanta, (accessed 19
en
May 2021).
m
op
Shah, Darshil, ‘What is the difference between Hinduism and others religions (Christianity,
Islam etc.)?’, Quora, 6 September 2016, https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-
l
ve
difference-between-Hinduism-and-others-religions-Christianity-Islam-etc, (accessed
De
26 April 2021).
he
‘Hinduism: A Unique Religion’, Reach The World, https://www.reachtheworld.org/allisons-

yt
journey-india/traditions/hinduism-unique-religion#:~:text=Hinduism%20is%20
different%20from%20many,different%2C%20sometimes%20contradictory%2C%20
db
beliefs.&text=Also%2C%20there%20are%20many%20different,that%20are%20
te
worshipped%20in%20Hinduism., (accessed 26 April 2021).

es
‘Basic Essay Writing Rubric’, https://www.uen.org/rubric/previewRubric.html?id=20123,

aT
(accessed 26 April 2021).

ph
‘Pic Collage Rubric’, https://olmc.hwcdsb.ca/classes/beaudoin/98922--Pic-Collage-

Al
Rubric?fileID=102987, (accessed 26 April 2021).
‘Shiva Cliparts #255108’, Clipart Library, http://clipart-library.com/clipart/235671.htm,

25
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
‘Brahma Cliparts #36224’, Clipart Library, http://clipart-library.com/clipart/357171.htm,
‘vishnu-cliparts #3131572’, Clipart Library, http://clipart-library.com/clipart/vishnu-cliparts_1.

htm, (accessed 26 April 2021).
‘Coloring Pages Clip Art #541371’, Clipart Library, http://clipart-library.com/clipart/19-
ly
On
6ip6g8ApT.htm, (accessed 26 April 2021).
m
‘Devi Cliparts #80878’, Clipart Library, http://clipart-library.com/clipart/24195.htm, (accessed
ea
26 April 2021).
tT
‘Arjuna Krishna Cliparts #2606171’, Clipart Library, http://clipart-library.com/clipart/1695962.
en
htm, (accessed 26 April 2021).
m
op
‘Sketch Cliparts #259244’, Clipart Library, http://clipart-library.com/clipart/24158.htm,
l
ve
De
Katra, Hitendra, ‘Lakshmi’, Pinterest, https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/709668853754117820/,

he
yt
Avspream, ‘Illustration of Lord Shiva, Indian God, Shivratri or Mahashivratri - Vector’,

Dreamstime, https://www.dreamstime.com/illustration-lord-shiva-indian-god-shivratri-
db
mahashivratri-vector-illustration-lord-shiva-indian-god-shivratri-image140771906#_,
te

es
Galaxy, ‘Hindu Temple Mandir Clipart’, Clipartkey, https://www.clipartkey.com/view/hThTmR_

aT
hindu-temple-mandir-clipart/, (accessed 26 April 2021).

ph
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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
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Department of Education, Region VII, Division of Cebu Province

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Office Address: IPHO PHL Bldg, Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City

Telefax: (032) 265-6405
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E-mail Address: cebu.province@deped.gov.ph

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___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Shs World-Religion q4 Module 2

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Shs World-Religion q4 Module 2

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Introduction of World

Religion and Belief

Published by the Department of Education m

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Leonard Patrick F. Bayno

Reviewers: Elma J. Pono / Annabel A. Banguiran

Schools Division Superintendent: Marilyn S. Andales

Assistant Schools Division Superintendents: Lorenzo M. Dizon

EPS - LRMDS: Isaiash T. Wagas

EPS - EsP: Jane O. Gurrea

Printed in the Philippines by:

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

1. identify all the essential terminologies and symbologies of Hinduism.

3. show appreciation to Hinduism as a religion.

of the world and all living things.

4. The goddess of learning in Hinduism

5. In Hinduism, he is the God that preserves and protects the universe.

10. It is a celebration of fertility and harvest.

Directions: Read the poem slowly and carefully.

We do not get a human life

Just for the asking.

Is the reward for good deeds

It does not stay long.

Does not return to the branch.

1. What is the message being conveyed in the poem?

traditions and philosophies.

Some basic Hindu concepts include:

►Hinduism embraces many religious ideas. For this reason, it’s

opposed to a single, organized religion.

goddesses. Followers believe there are multiple paths to reaching their

►Hindus believe in the doctrines of samsara (the continuous cycle of

o Duty towards self o Duty towards gods

Party when they made it their symbol in 1920.)

Hinduism Holy Books

Hindus value many sacred writings as opposed to one holy book.

by ancient saints and sages.

The Vedas are made up of:

certain geographical data.

►Atharvaveda – The Veda of the Atharvanis the Atharvaveda. Atharvan denotes

Mantras in the Atharvaveda-Samhita were brought to light by Rishi Atharva. The

1. Related to the cure of diseases and destruction of adverse forces.

and Jainism, spread rapidly.

be the supreme God force present in all things.

Some of the most prominent deities include:

►Shiva: the god that destroys the universe in order to recreate it

►Krishna: the god of compassion, tenderness and love

►Saraswati: the goddess of learning

Hindu Places of Worship

The four main castes (in order of prominence) include:

►Brahmin: the intellectual and spiritual leaders

►Vaisyas: the skillful producers

►Shudras: the unskilled laborers

professional and religious status in India.

When India became an independent nation, its constitution banned discrimination

Hindus observe numerous sacred days, holidays and festivals.

Some of the most well-known include:

►Diwali: the festival of lights

veneration such as pilgrimage shrines to their visitors.

The six principal Hindu Darshans are:

► Samkhya – A theistic and strongly dualist theoretical exposition of

consciousness and matter. Samkhya adopts a consistent dualism of matter

in the course of evolution purusha mistakenly identifies itself with aspects

of prakriti. Right knowledge consists of the ability of purusha to distinguish