MATRIX OF PHILOSOPHY IN EDUCATION
PHILOSOPHY MEANING
1. EXISTENTIALISM - is a way of viewing and thinking
about life in the world so that
priority is given to individualism
and subjectivity
2. IDEALISM - is often considered a - There is a great concern for
conservative philosophy of
education because much of its
thrust is to preserve cultural
tradition
3. BEHAVIORISM - A school of psychology that takes
the objective evidence of behavior
as the only concern of its research
and the only basis of its theory
without reference to conscious
experience.
4. ESSENTIALISM - A conservative educational
theory rooted in idealism and
realism, arose in response to
progressive education.
5. REALISM - The objective existence of the
world and begins in it and relations
between these beings independent
of human knowledge and desires.
- The knowability of these objects
as they are in themselves.
- The need for conformity to the
objective reality in man’s conduct.
6. CONSTRUCTIVISM - constructing knowledge,
developing or improving
something.
AIMS
- Education should cultivate an
intensity of awareness in the
learners.
morality and character
development.
- Modification and shaping of
students behavior by providing
favorable environment.
- To fit the man to perform justly,
skillfully and magnanimously all
the offices, both private and
public of peace and of war.
- To provide the students with
the essential knowledge he will
need to survive in the natural
world.
- to develop intrinsically
motivated and independent
learners adequately equipped
with learning skills for them to be
able to construct knowledge and
make meaning of them.
CURRICULUM
- Subjectis merely tool for the
realization of subjectivity. Literature
and the humanities are important in
the existentialist curriculum.
- emphasizes the cognitive side,
intellectualism or elitist to the
detriment of the physical and
affective side of development.
- teach students to respond
favorably to various stimuli in the
environment.
- emphasize the need for a
curriculum that transmit significant
race experiences and the need to
present these racial experiences
through organized subject matter
courses.
- To study it through organized,
separate and systematically
arranged subject matter.
- The subject matter approach to
curriculum which is composed of
two basic components. The body of
the knowledge and appropriate
pedagogy to fit the readiness of the
learners.
- they are taught learning processes
and skills such as searching,
critiquing and evaluating
information, relating these pieces of
information reflecting on the same,
making meaning out of them,
METHOD
- question and answer
- lecture method
- Character development.
- They ought to provide
appropriate incentives to
reinforce positive responses
and weaken or eliminate
negative ones.
- It emphasize habituation
more than experience,
guidance more than
incidentialism, discipline more
than freedom, effort more than
interest and self-examination
more than expression.
- To be skilled in both the
subject matter that he teaches
and the method of teaching it
to the students.
- teacher provides students
with data or experiences that
allow them to hypothesize,
predict, manipulate objects,
pose questions, research,
investigate, imagine and

7. PROGRESSIVISM - accepting the impermanence of - the aim of progressive
life and inevitability of change. education is to meet the needs
of a growing child:
1. Extreme reliance on bookish
methods of instruction.
2. Obtaining leaning by
memorization of factual data.
3. The use of fear as form of
discipline; and
4. The four-walled philosophy of
education that isolated the
school from the realities of life.
8. - were more concerned with social - To awaken the students
RECONSTRUCTIVISM change consciousness about social
problem and to actively engage
them in problem solving.
9. PERENNIALSIM - An educational theory that is - To develop the power of
greatly influence by the principles thought.
of realism.
drawing insights, posing questions, invent.
researching and constructing new
knowledge out of these bits of
information learned.
- The progressivisms are identified. - teacher employ experiential
1. Emphasis on the child as a methods
learner, rather than on the subject - Problem-solving method.
matter.
2. Stress on activities of
experiences, rather than on
textbook reliance of memorization
3. Cooperate learning, rather than
competitive lesson learning.
4. Absence of fear of punishment
for disciplinary purposes.
- should include learning to live in a - classroom and experimental
global milieu. method,
- subject centered - Reading and discussion.