QUESTIONS 1(A)

The summary table of the data as shown below:

Types of Pet Number of Percentage Sectarian Angle
Students
Cat 9 9 9
X 100% X 3600
35 =25.71% 35 =92.570
Hamster 7 7 7
X 100% X 3600
35 =20.00% 35 =72.000
Fish 7 7 7
X 100% X 3600
35 =20.00% 35 =72.000
Guinea Pig 3 3 3
X 100% X 3600
35 =8.58% 35 =30.860
Rabbit 9 9 9
X 100% X 3600
35 =25.71% 35 =92.570
TOTAL 35 100% 3600

QUESTION 1(B)

QUESTION 1(C)
Based on Chart in question 1(B), Rabbit and Cat are two most owned pets among 35 students. It
followed by Hamster and Fish (20% respectively). However, there is fewest students who owned
guinea pig (only 8% from the sample).

QUESTION 2(A)
The given data as shown below:
 Expenses (RM per month) Number of Students
50 – 119 5
120 – 189 9
190 – 259 7
260 – 329 3
330 – 399 2
400 – 469 4

Therefore, the histogram of the data as shown below:

QUESTION 2(B)
According to the histogram in question 2(A), the mode class is RM120 – RM189 (highest
frequency compares other category, 9). Then, the expenses mode should be determined from this
category RM120 – RM189.

QUESTION 2(C)
The Frequency polygon will be drawn based on histogram that been constructed in QUESTION
2(A). The shape of the frequency polygon as shown below:

As shown in frequency polygon, most of the students spend RM120-RM189 per month on their
pet’s products and fewest students spent RM330 – RM399 on their pet’s products respectively.

QUESTION 3(A)
The mean of the data as calculated below:
18  15  17  22  12  20  19  15  20  25  16  13

12
212
= 12
=17.67

QUESTION 3(B)
The given data need to be rearranged accordingly as below:

Median location

12, 13, 15, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 20, 22, 25

The location of median should be located at:

= (12+1) / 2
= between 6th and 7th data

Therefore, the median of the data should be

17  18
= 2
35
= 2
= 17.5
QUESTION 3(C)

According to the given data, data for 15 and 20 have highest frequency (2 respectively).
Therefore, the mode of the data is 15 and 20.

QUESTION 3(D)
The formula of standard deviation as shown below:

S
 ( X  ) 2

n 1

Whereby  mean and n is is number of data. The data can be arranged in table below:
X X-  (  = 17.67) ( X   )2
18 18 – 17.67 = 0.33 0.33 X 0.33 = 0.11
15 -2.67 7.13
17 -0.67 0.45
22 4.33 18.75
12 -5.67 32.15
20 2.33 5.43
19 1.33 1.77
15 -2.67 7.13
20 2.33 5.43
25 7.33 53.73
16 -1.67 2.79
13 -4.67 21.81
 ( X   )2 156.67

Therefore,

156.67
S
12  1

156.67
S
11
S  14.24
S= 3.77

QUESTION 3(D)

In order to calculate Pearson coefficient skewness (median), subtract the median from the mean
and it will be shown as below:
17.67 – 17.5 = 0.17

Then, divide by the standard deviation. It as shown below:

0.17
3.77
= 0.045

The skewed value is positive. Hence, it is positive skew and the assembling time distribution
should be longer for the right tail. In other words, the mass of the distribution (assembly time) is
concentrated on the left of the figure (right skewed).

QUESTION 4(A)

The formula of quartile for grouped data can be represented by formula below:
h iN
Q i l  (  C)
f 4
Whereby
l = lower boundary of quartile group
h = width of quartile group
f = frequency of quartile group
N = total number of data
C = cumulative frequency preceding quartile group

Expenses Number of students Class boundaries Cumulative frequency

50 – 119 5 49.5 – 119.5 5
st
120 – 189 9 119.5 – 189.5 14 (1 quartile class)
190 – 259 7 189.5 – 259.5 21
rd
260 – 329 3 259.5 – 329.5 24 (3 quartile class)
330 – 399 2 329.5 – 399.5 26
400 – 469 4 399.5 – 469.5 30

As for 1st quartile, the data fall in class 30 X ¼ = 7.5. Therefore, the 1 st quartile class should be
120 – 189. As for this quartile,
Lower boundary of this group is 119.5
Width of the group is (189.5 – 119.5 = 70)
Frequency of the group is 9
Total number of data is 30
Cumulative frequency preceding group is 5
Therefore, the calculation first quartile as shown below:

70 30
Q 1  119.5  (  5)
9 4
70
Q 1  119.5  (7.5  5)
9
Q 1  119.5  7.77(2.5)

Q 1  119.5  19.44

Q 1  138.94
As for 3rd quartile, the data fall in class 30 X ¾ = 22.5. Therefore, the 3 rd quartile class should be
260 – 329. As for this quartile,
Lower boundary of this group is 259.5
Width of the group is (259.5 – 329.5 = 70)
Frequency of the group is 3
Total number of data is 30
Cumulative frequency preceding group is 21
Therefore, the calculation first quartile as shown below:
70 3(30)
Q 3  259.5  (  21)
3 4
70
Q 1  259.5  (22.5  21)
3
Q 1  259.5  23.33(1.5)

Q 1  259.5  34.995

Q 1  294.50

QUESTION 4(B)

The inter- quartile range for the pet’s product expenses are
3rd quartile – 1st quartile
= 294.50 – 138.94
= 155.56
QUESTION 5(A)

Tree diagram
 Late (P=0.05)
Wednesday (P=1/3)

Punctual (P=1-0.05 = 0.95)

Late (P=0.05)
Thursday (P=1/3)

Punctual (P=1-0.05 = 0.95)

Late (P=0.05)
Friday (P=1/3)

Punctual (P=1-0.05 = 0.95)

QUESTION 5 (B)

Probability train punctual in any two days out of three days as shown below, P

P = P (Any two days out of three days) + P (Punctual)

= 2/3 * 0.95

= 0.633
QUESTION 5 (C)

Probability train will be late on at least one of these three days will be calculated by as below:

P1, train will be late 1 day

= P (1Day) * P (late)
= 1/3 * 0.05
= 0.0167

P2, train will be late 2 days

= P (2 days) * P (late)
= 2/3 * 0.05
= 0.0333

P3, train will be late 3 days

= P (3 days) * P (late)
= 3/3 * 0.05
= 0.05

Therefore, probability train will be late at least one of these three days can be calculated as
P =P1 + P2 + P3
= 0.0167 + 0.0333 + 0.05
= 0.1

REFERENCE

Feller, William (1950). Introduction to Probability Theory and its Applications, Vol I. Wiley.
p. 221. ISBN 0471257087

Hazewinkel, Michiel, ed. (2001), "Probability distribution", Encyclopedia of Mathematics,

 Springer, ISBN 978-1-55608-010-4

Underhill, L.G.; Bradfield d. (1998) Introstat, Juta and Company Ltd. ISBN 0-7021-3838-X p.

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