Bangladesh University Of Engineering And Technology

ASSIGNMENT NO : 3

Course No : NAME 352

Course Name : Ship Structure Sessional

Submitted To :
Dr. Gautum Kumar Saha (Professor)
Dr. MD Shahidul Islam (Professor)
MD. Moinul Islam (Lecturer)

Submitted By : .
MD. Shihabur Rahman .
Department : NAME (L3 – T1)
ID : 1712032 .
Date : 09-04-2021 .
Executive Summary:
In this report we are going to have to analyze maximum load that would cause bucking ,
this load is also called critical load.solve 2 given problems of Truss Analysis with the
software Abaqus Using finite Element method We are required to use this software
ABAQUS to analyze this problem..

Our approach to solve the problem is, we have to first create the model of the problem in
abaqus software. Then we have to define the material to be used as trussfor those element
and give the properties as given in the problem . Then we have to set the boundary
condition and give the load on the node element given. The we have to create mesh and
define the element type and finally we have to create the job and submit and then the result
can be shown. In the result we would clearly be able to see the deformation and stresses
formed. We can then get the desired result.

Introduction:
We could think of the problem structures as a small part of a structure and we have to
know if the truss elementsgiven structure are able to take the load conditions in real life.
Using the abaqus software we can simulate a real life scenario and be able to see the
stresses develops on the structure. A truss structure is made with truss elements and nodes.
And studying of the is important. Because these kind of structures are widely seen in
bridges , large civil structures, Crane arms and many more structures. And we need to be
able to know if the design is going to be strong enough to hold the loads it is going to face.

Also from this analysis we will be able to know that which element is going to fail and we
can think of using element of better performance.if they could sustain the loads introduced.
Here’s what the problem looks like
After doing the simulation we can find how much of load the beams
could sustain the we are required to compare them with our calculation
and find the error.

Goals and Objectives:

Primary goal of the experiment is to find the critical load buckling load for all the shapes
given. And then compare the result with our own calculation.nodal displacements,
elemental stresses and reaction forces for problem 1 and displacement of node 1 and
stresses in each element.

Solving the problems we would be able to simulate the real life condition and scenario.
Then looking at the result and the color code represented in result section we would be able
to determine ifd the truss elementbeams would we used would be strong enough. Also we
will be able to see which element take what amount of load, and also which element would
take no load at all. If there is such element which takes no load we can then also not use
then element or use element of lower strength to reduce cost.and for certain concentrated
or distributed load how the beam would deform or behave and track the displacement of
the nodes or smaller elements.
Goals and ObjectivesAnticipated Results:
In the problem it is said that the ends of the columns are pinned. So the bottom end would
not move in either axis and the upper end would not move in x direction but can move in y
axis. So when the load is applied, as the beam is homogenous it would buckle in any
direction and the modes of buckling can be predicted with euler’s formula.In problem 1 5
nodes in total. 3 nodes there we see that they are fixed nodes. This means these three nodes
are not going to move no matter what force is applied on them. One of the node has 20kn of
load on it acting upwards at 30 degree angle with the vertical line. This would give 2
positive component in both X and Y axis. So can expect the node to move to right and up a
little.
P = 𝑛^2𝜋^2𝐸𝐼/ 𝐿^2

In the second problem however we have 4 nodes in total and 3 of them are fixed and not
going to move and other node takes a load of 18kN acting downward. So we can expect the
node to move downwards a bit and all the elements should be in tension.

Mathematical Idealization:
Mathematical Representation:
We were required to make 5m long column this way we had to make 5 types of model of
columns..

Geometrical Representation:
I only had to make a vertical line and give the dimension. That was all it needed to make
the geometry of it.
Here’s how it looks.
Boundary Conditions:
The ends of the columns are pinned. So the bottom end would not move in either axis
which means for this end of the column the value of U1, U2 is 0 and the upper end would
not move in x direction but can move in y axis, so the value of U1 is 0 for this end.

Material Model:

For the problem to start working with the structure the software has to know what is the
structure is made of. So we have add some properties of the material used so Abaqus
knows what it is working with. So we set Young’s modulus and the poisons ratio for the
material and gave the shape of the cross section for each of the problems.

Solution Procedure and key Result:

--First I created parts which had property of 2D deformable and wire shape. And also gave
approximate size of 10000.
--Then I created a line using the line command and gave the length and finished making
the model.

--Then we created material for use as element and set their own material properties.

--Then from section I selected beam and gave the shape(I, L, T, Rectangle and Circle) for
each of the problem given.

--Then to give the structure its property we assigned the material we created earlier with
assign section tool.

--Then gave the orientation of the section and from assembly set the instance independent.

--Then I created linear perturbation step and selected buckle

--Then gave the boundary condition. The bottom end would not move in either axis which
means for this end of the column the value of U1, U2 is 0 and the upper end would not
move in x direction but can move in y axis, so the value of U1 is 0 for this end.
--Then gave 1N of load.

--From mesh seed tab and instance and gave 50 global size. Then gave element type beam
and created the instance.

--Last now I can create job and submit and monitor and see the result.
Model of L:

Simulation critical load P(sim)=106997N

Iz = 13.03e5 kgm2

Theoretical Critical load P(th) = 108036 N

Error 0.962%
Model of I:

Simulation critical load P(sim)=167395

Iz = 2.05e5 kgm2

Theoretical Critical load P(th) = 170231 N

Error 1.666 %
Model of T:

Simulation critical load P(sim)=106833 N

Iz = 13.03e5 kgm2

Theoretical Critical load P(th) = 108037 N

Error 1.114 %
Model of Rectangular:

Simulation critical load P(sim)=69025

Iz = 8.33e5 kgm2

Theoretical Critical load P(th) = 69088 N

Error 0.091 %
Model of I:

Simulation critical load P(sim)=406707

Iz = 49.087e5 kgm2

Theoretical Critical load P(th) = 406959 N

Error 0.062 %

S11:

Key Result:
Now that we have got the result for Abaqus we can now compare them with what we
previously anticipated.
From all the errors for different shapes we can say that they were very small and
consistent.
So, we can say that the simulation seems to work fine.
Conclusion:
In this buckling analysis experiment, using finite element method, we had been able to
simulate real world scenario. And anticipated the whole experiment went alright. Result
data show that this works as expected.
Though this structure was fairly on the simple side but we also can work with complex
structures, And we should be extra careful on those analysis.

This experiment has a big significance as these columns are used in so many places. And
being able to extract the result before any construction of this kind helps to prevent real
world hazards. Also helps to reduce any construction cost. So we can conclude that this
whole experiment was a success and it is a success for those who are working in this
construction and with this construction and also a success for people who are going to
interact with those constriction.