21st Century Literature

from the Philippines and the

World

LESSON 4: CONTEXT AND TEXT’S MEANING

NAME: EDWIN C. PERALTA III

GRADE & SECTION: 11 STEM PYTHAGORAS
TEACHER: MRS. MADELEINE CABALAN-AYO
 LESSON 4: CONTEXT AND TEXT’S MEANING

What’s In
Let us recall the previous lesson you have studied in Module 2. From the conventional and
modern genre of literature: poetry, drama, fiction, non-fiction, 21st-century literary genres were
presented to you. Fill out the organizer by writing LETTERS only under column 2 & 3, write
WORDS under column 4. Note: two letters may be repeated as you answer the grid.

GENRE SIMILARITY/IES DIFFERENCES SAMPLE

1 2 3 ( write the title/words) 4

1.Manga D E Death Note

2.Graphic Novel D F V for Vendetta
3.Blog A B Zion Adventure Photog
4.Doodle Fiction D G Pie in the Sky by Remy Lai
5.Hyper Poetry A C Watch me weep: Buterflies
6.Text-talk novel A H Rosie Revere, Engineer

A. Make use of web or internet connection.

B. A website containing short articles called posts updated regularly by the same person or by
people interested in the same topic.
C. Involved set of words, phrases, lines, etc. presented in a variable, sits on the page much as
traditional poetry does, or may contain parts of the poem that move and mutate.
D. All make use of illustration in presenting stories.
E. An artistic storytelling style originated in Japan.
F. Encompasses non-fiction works and thematically linked short stories as well as fictional
stories across a number of genres.
G. Literary presentation where doodle writing and drawings are incorporated.
H. Stories told almost completely in dialogue simulating social network exchanges.

What’s New
Below is a poem written by Danton Remoto, a Filipino author. Read and try to discover what
this poem wants to convey. Then, answer the essential question that follow.
Essential Questions:
1. Who are the characters in the poem? Write a piece of short information about
each character.
José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda
 (born June 19, 1861, Calamba, Philippines—died December 30, 1896, Manila),
patriot, physician, and man of letters who was an inspiration to the Philippine
nationalist movement. He is one of the most revered figures in Philippine history.
He was a multifaceted intellectual and a political activist, best known for his
political writings that inspired the Philippine revolution and ultimately led to his
execution by the Spanish colonizers.
StreetFederico Llatzer Manuel Faura y Prat
 Many people in Manila are familiar with the name Padre Faura because of the
street named after him. Father Federico Prat Faura, S.J. is the founder of the
Manila Observatory. He was also Jose Rizal’s favorite mentor, and Rizal was
Faura’s favorite student.
2. Who speaks in the poem? Extract a sentence from the poem to prove your
answer.
 The voice behind the text Padre Faura. All the actions are seen and reported by
Padre Faura in the story. He used the first-person pronoun “I” “my” “me” and
“we” which indicates that he is the one who’s speaking in the poem.
3. Discuss the form/structure of the poem.
 The poem can be classified as free verse since the structure of words and lines
 does not adhere to a specific pattern of rhyme and syllable sequence. Free verse is
commonly used in contemporary poetry
4. What was the situation when Padre Faura stood in the balcony of Ateneo de
Manila?
 Padre Faura was shivering on the morning of December while standing at the
balcony of Ateneo de Manila
5. What was the situation of our country based on the poem? Prove your answer by
extracting a line from the poem.
 The statement “Between the soldiers With their Mausers raised” indicates that
the Philippines had no independence at the time due to Spanish colonization.
6. To whom the poem is addressed? Explain your answer.
 The poem talks about Jose Rizal. Like a star, like a star in the poem, that is
million miles away from us, his light will still continue to shine conquering our
mind and soul through his Literature Artworks.
7. How do you feel while reading the poem, that Padre Faura witnessed the
execution of his former student?
 I felt sorry and sad for what happened to both of them
8. What was the feeling displayed by the author in the poem?
 It is apparent that the poem is about losing a person since we can sense the
sadness of the character, Padre Faura, as we read the poem.
9. What was the message that Danton Remoto wanted to convey in this poem?
 The message that Danton Remoto wanted to convey to anyone, especially the
Filipinos who can read his poem is to have national pride by showing the feeling
of love, devotion, and a sense of attachment to our homeland. His literary work
brings hope and light not just to the Filipinos but also to other nations who suffer
the same way as we witness it at the hands of colonization of foreign countries.

What’s More
ACTIVITY 1: UNDERSTANDING THE TEXT
To understand a piece of literature, answering the given questions enable the readers to
appreciate literature more.
Multiple Choice. Read each question. Choose and write the letter of the best answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

C 1. Who was Fr. F. Faura to Jose Rizal?

D 2.What was the nickname given to Jose Rizal mentioned in the poem?
A 3.Why Padre Faura expected that they would talk about the stars?
B 4. Why Padre Faura was in the observatory when Pepe visited him?
D 5. Why instead of stars, Pepe asked about purgatory to Padre Faura?
ACTIVITY 2: UNDERSTANDING THE CONTEXT
Directions: Look at each picture below. In Column A, each picture depicts the event presented
in the poem. In Column B, based on your understanding of the poem, write what event
happened in each picture and how do you feel about it.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

PADRE FAURA WITNESSED JOSE RIZAL’S

EXECUTION
The priest witnessed Rizal’s execution while standing on
the roof of Ateneo municipal at Bagumbayan. He stands in
front of the firing squad, seeing Pepe between the soldiers
with their Mausers raised preparing to shot and kill his
favourite student.

MANILA OBSERVATORY

Manila Observatory was founded by Padre Faura. It is

where the priest and his favourite student, Jose Rizal
talked about purgatory

ATENEO DE MANILA OVERLOOKING

BAGUMABAYAN
This is where Padre Faura used to teach Jose Rizal. The
story and journey of how did Padre Faura became Rizal’s
favorite teacher and vice versa started at Ateneo de
Manila.
ACTIVITY 3. KNOWING AUTHOR’S CONTEXT

Reflect on the importance of a biographical context in understanding a text.

1. Discuss the environment that surrounds the author while writing the poem. Prove your
answer.
 The setting depicts the author's location in nature, which was a farm surrounded by trees
and plants. The context line stating that she was dwelling in the Agricultural Town of
Imus, Cavite living with her farmer parents confirms the author's environment.
2. Discuss the occurring event in the society during that time that influence the author in
writing the poem.
 The presence of Enhance Community Quarantine or lockdown because of the COVID-19
Pandemic.
3. Discuss the message of the author in the poem.
 The author's main theme in her poem is the urgent necessity for individuals to exercise
discipline in order to flatten the curve and battle the COVID-19 pandemic's catastrophe.

What I Have Learned

Reading and appreciating literature can be made possible by understanding the context and
text’s meaning.

 During the reading, there was recognition and recall.

o I recall that Dr. Jose Rizal was shot in Bagumbayan or Luneta Park . (place)
o During this time, the Philippines was under the Spanish government.
o The purpose of the poem was to promote patriotism.
o The author wrote the poem for then Filipinos.
o The poem was based from the historical perspective. Recalling our past as Filipinos,
what was the most trying moment of Jose Rizal during those time? The situation of
his homeland under the abusive, injustice and corrupt Spanish
Government and when Jose Rizal was sentenced to death.
o With that challenging situation, Dr. Jose Rizal was able to write two novels Noli Me
Tangere and El Filibusterismo.
o Education amidst the pandemic has been the greatest and most challenging
part of my life. I have obligations that include both domestic duties and
academic achievement. It's tough to balance my time at home and school
because it seems like the load of activities during home-schooling is more
stressful compared before where everything was normal
 Values, assumptions, political and economic issues, and events related to the author and
reader play a significant role in understanding context and the text’s meaning in a literary
piece.
What I Can Do
Directions: Write a two-stanza poem using visual imagery. Describe your surrounding that
mostly influence your line of thought.
Rubrics for Poem

Beginning Developing Accomplished Exemplary Score

1 2 3 4
Effectively uses Creatively uses an
Uses an May use an an appropriate appropriate
Form inappropriate appropriate poetic poetic
poetic form. poetic form. form. form.
Word Student’s use vocabulary is Student’s use of Student’s use of
Usage of vocabulary is very basic. vocabulary is vocabulary is
very basic. Student’s use routine and precise, vivid,
of vocabulary workable. and paints a
is more telling strong clear and
than showing. complete picture
in the
reader’s mind.
Mental Uses few Uses some Uses mental Effectively uses
Image mental image. mental image image to mental to
reinforce the reinforce
theme. the theme.

The Darkness is My Shadow

Created by: Edwin C. Peralta III

I ask the Lord to be with me,

As I walked through the dell,

Then came the dark of night ,

And the darkness quietly fell.

Then I trembled in great fear,

As the dark of night hung low,

Theb I heard the Father say,

 "The darkness is my shadow."

Additional Activities
Let us try to test your prior knowledge in the events that happened hundreds of years back and
how you will relate it with your current situation.

Talking Heads

Based on your understanding after reading the poem plus what the Philippine history shared
with you, what kind of society/ situation each character live? How each character struggle in his
situation?

PADRE FAURA

Padre Faura was present during Jose Rizal's execution but did nothing
since he lacked the ability to intervene and save Pepe from his
impending death. From that occurrence, we may deduce that the
atmosphere in which Padre Faura used to dwell was filled with anguish,
sadness, and hopelessness as he witnessed his favorite pupil being
sentenced to death for his nation.

JOSE RIZAL

He is one of the most revered figures in Philippine history. He was a

multifaceted intellectual and a political activist, best known for his political
writings that inspired the Philippine revolution and ultimately led to his
execution by the Spanish colonizers.

At present what current situation in the society/community/household you found

challenging or difficult. Please explain your answer. Write your answer about the
negative & positive effect.
 We have all felt the devastating effects of the coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19) on
our families and communities. While there is no doubt that COVID-19 is causing significant
stress, we won’t grasp the long-term mental health effects until we conduct future research. At
the same time, and because of this pandemic, we see a positive impact on the way we consider
mental health and how the healthcare system operates. Since the COVID pandemic, the mental
health field has shifted almost completely to telehealth encounters with visits through video or
phone. This shift, together with the response from insurers to expand payment for telehealth
have resulted in better integration of care and improved access. As we face this crisis together,
and as the issues of mental health and wellness continue to be in the forefront of daily news
coverage, the importance of physical safety as well as emotional well-being are normalized and
becoming household concerns. Maintaining this culture of caring and community moving
forward will make us all the more resilient and connected. The COVID pandemic has devastated
so many and so much. At the same time, the transformative effect on mental health access, as
well as an expanded value placed on our community’s health can have a long-lasting positive
effect on our healthcare system, if we chose to learn from this experience.