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PVT Sampling Report - Suleman-1 & Suleman-2 - Draft
PVT Sampling Report - Suleman-1 & Suleman-2 - Draft
RF-2018-001
DRAFT REPORT
Revision 000
This document has been prepared by Weatherford Laboratories – Pakistan. The contents must not be disclosed to third parties other than in accordance
with the terms of the contract.
OGDCL
Suleman-01 and Suleman-02
a. Weatherford Laboratories will give the client the benefit of Weatherford’s best judgment based on its
experience and will agree to perform all services in accordance with standard industry practices.
b. Weatherford makes no other warranty with respect to the services, and hereby disclaims any warranty as
to the adequacy, sufficiency or completeness of any data, reports, estimates, analyses, interpretations,
modeling, predictions, opinions or recommendations provided to the client in connection with the
services, all of which shall be considered advisory only. Any use of this information in relation to any
specific application should be based on an independent examination and verification of its applicability for
such use by professionally qualified personnel. The client assumes all responsibility for any decision or
action it takes based on Weatherford’s services, including, without limitation, any drilling, well treatment,
production or other financial decision, and shall indemnify Weatherford, its parent, affiliates, subsidiaries,
subcontractors, and officers and personnel thereof, against any costs, claims, or liabilities with respect
thereto.
c. Weatherford agree, at its cost and expense, to re-perform any services not conforming to its express
warranties (and to issue a new report based thereon) if the core or other samples (“Samples”) still in
Weatherford’s possession are sufficient therefor or the client provides new Samples; provided, the client
notifies Weatherford of the non-conformity within thirty (30) days of receiving the report. In no event
shall Weatherford be responsible or liable for resampling or the costs thereof.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
OGDCL requested Weatherford Laboratories – Pakistan to perform collection of surface sampling in their assets
in Pakistan. Weatherford Personnel, equipment including sampling kit and sample bottles were mobilized to
location as requested by OGDCL on 20th Apr 2021 and 12th May 2021.
The scope of work was to collect surface Gas samples from a separator. Upon arrival to locations, sampling
engineer prepared the cylinders and sampling equipment and make ready for the sampling.
The following samples were collected for wells Suleman-01 and Suleman-02, total 06 samples.
Detailed sample datasheets are incorporated in the report. All samples were secured for transportation to
Weatherford Laboratories.
INTRODUCTION
This report contains surface sampling details of samples from well Suleman-01 and Suleman-02.
SCOPE of WORK:
- Collection of each 3-separator gas samples for Wells Suleman-01 and Suleman-02. H2S content
determination was not requested as per the SOW.
1.a Suleman-02 20-Apr-21 15:00 hrs Sep-Gas Line 2970-C1-F, A0012 Gas 235 102 20L
2.a Suleman-02 20-Apr-21 15:30 hrs Sep-Gas Line 1828-C1-F, 4370A Gas 235 102 20L
3.a Suleman-02 20-Apr-21 16:00 hrs Sep-Gas Line A1629 Gas 235 102 20L
4.a Suleman-01 12-May-21 22:00 hrs Sep-Gas Line 4222-C1-F, A1250 Gas 520 75 20L
5.a Suleman-01 12-May-21 22:45 hrs Sep-Gas Line 3789-C1-F, A932 Gas 520 75 20L
6.a Suleman-01 12-May-21 23:30 hrs Sep-Gas Line TS-1455-06 Gas 520 75 20L
20-Apr-2021 14:30 hrs Started preparation for the sampling of separator samples Suleman-02.
Collected 1st set of separator gas sample at Test Separator outlet for
20-Apr-2021 15:00 hrs
Suleman-02.
Collected 2nd set of separator gas sample at Test Separator outlet for
20-Apr-2021 15:30 hrs
Suleman-02.
Collected 3rd set of separator gas sample at Test Separator outlet for
20-Apr-2021 16:00 hrs
Suleman-02.
Sampling Engineers left the field with all the samples (03 samples) and
20-Apr-2021 17:45 hrs
sampling tool kit.
Collected 1st set of separator gas sample at Test Separator outlet for
12-May-2021 22:00 hrs
Suleman-01.
Collected 2nd set of separator gas sample at Test Separator outlet for
12-May-2021 22:45 hrs
Suleman-01.
Collected 3rd set of separator gas sample at Test Separator outlet for
12-May-2021 23:30 hrs Suleman-01.
Sampling Engineers left the field with all the samples (03 samples) and
13-May-2021 08:00 hrs
sampling tool kit.
25-Dec-2017 10:55
Notes:
CGR: Condensate Gas Ratio Prodn: Production
GOR: Gas Oil Ratio Cond: Condition
N/A: Not Applicable
Notes:
CGR: Condensate Gas Ratio Prodn: Production
GOR: Gas Oil Ratio Cond: Condition
N/A: Not Applicable
Notes:
CGR: Condensate Gas Ratio Prodn: Production
GOR: Gas Oil Ratio Cond: Condition
N/A: Not Applicable
Notes:
CGR: Condensate Gas Ratio Prodn: Production
GOR: Gas Oil Ratio Cond: Condition
N/A: Not Applicable
Notes:
CGR: Condensate Gas Ratio Prodn: Production
GOR: Gas Oil Ratio Cond: Condition
N/A: Not Applicable
Notes:
CGR: Condensate Gas Ratio Prodn: Production
GOR: Gas Oil Ratio Cond: Condition
N/A: Not Applicable
APPENDICES
WELL CONDITIONING
It is essential that the well flow is stable prior to, and during, the sampling period. Unstable production rates
result from flow rates that are too low to achieve stable flow in a given completion size. This can result in slugging
and liquid hold-up. Examination of well/completion performance lift curves and well-designed completions can
eliminate this problem.
The time taken for a well to achieve stable flow can be considerable - several days, with some gas wells taking
weeks - and sufficient time should be allowed within the structure of the program for well conditioning. In
general, it takes from 8 - 24 hours to condition a well.
Note: Simply shutting the well in and allowing the reservoir pressure to build up to above the saturation pressure
will NOT result in a spontaneous return to single phase, and the two phases will continue to exist in the reservoir
- around the well-bore.
A set of PVT recombination samples consists of gas and oil samples. Each set of samples is taken together so that
the separator conditions are identical and the best approximation of reservoir conditions can be simulated in the
lab.
Where the GOR is < 1000 scf/bbl, a set of one 600cc oil sample and one 20 liter gas sample is sufficient. If the
GOR is >1000 scf/bbl, then one 600cc oil sample and two 20 liter gas samples should be taken.
Surface sampling primarily involves sampling individual gas and liquid streams from a production separator or
similar installation, and it is by far the most common method of sampling pressurized hydrocarbon fluids.
The objective of separator sampling is to obtain a fluid representative of the production of one well that enters
the separator in its entirety, but the method also can be used to obtain a fluid representing commingled
production from a number of wells into a single gas/oil separation plant. In either case, the objective is to collect
separate samples of the gas and liquid exiting the separator and to measure the separate flow rates of the two
phases and obtain the GOR. Although the two phases are never in perfect equilibrium, providing that the two
samples are representative of the separate flows, it is possible to mix the two samples together in the same
proportion in which they are produced to obtain a recombined sample that represents the fluid entering the
separator.
Collection of valid fluid samples is the important key factor for the profitability of an oil or gas field. Weatherford
Laboratories specializes in reservoir fluids sampling using state-of-art sampling equipment, pressurized sampling
containers, techniques and expert personnel to deliver safe, on time, reliable and accurate result. Weatherford
Laboratories is also providing a complete range of on-site wet chemistry analytical services such as H2S,
Mercaptans, Radon and Mercury analysis in conjunction with onsite sampling. Weatherford laboratories are also
capable to provide Pressure, Volume, Temperature (PVT) studies. Collection of samples, analysis and proper
interpretation of representative samples is crucial conditions for the understanding of a hydrocarbon reservoir
Other techniques, such as Mercury bottle, split-phase and iso-kinetic sampling, are not considered here.
Mercury bottle sampling is no longer considered industry standard and is therefore not applicable to
Weatherford Laboratories sampling methodologies.
For any analytical technique to give valid data, the samples must be representative of the hydrocarbon stream
being sampled. In order to obtain representative samples, the sampling program must be integrated into the
entire test program, rather than being conducted in an unstructured manner.
High pressure single-phase sampling can be conducted at the wellhead - upstream of the choke manifold. Recent
developments can maintain the sample in a single phase, even as the sample is recovered at the surface and is
cooled, though it is more usual to obtain the mono-phasic sample and then reduce the pressure in the sample
cylinder for shipping. The critical factor in obtaining representative wellhead samples is that the sample is
obtained in a mono-phasic state at the sampling point. It is recommended that the FTHP is at least 200psi above
the expected saturation pressure and that the 1st sample saturation pressure is checked to ensure it is below
sampling pressure.
Oil samples can be validated by onsite saturation pressure determination, a minimum requirement of which
should be that the validations agree to within 2%.
Samples are taken from the gas and liquid outlets of a surface separation system, and are recombined in a PVT
laboratory in the GOR / CGR ratio measured by the surface metering system. Representative samples taken
from this system are only reliable if accurate pressure / temperature / flow rates are obtained at the time of
sampling.
©2018 Weatherford Laboratories. All rights reserved. Page | 16
OGDCL
Suleman-01 and Suleman-02
The main reasons for non-representative samples being obtained are as follow:
• Liquid carry-over in the gas stream, as a result of:
• Excessive flow rates
• Inefficient separation
• High separator levels
• Foaming
It should be ensured that meter calibrations have been determined and are correct prior to the test and that the
separator is working within its design limits. Sampling points must be as close to the separation vessel as is
possible, preferably upstream of any bends or obstructions. The gas sampling point should be in a vertical section
of pipe.
Separator Gas
• As close to the separation vessel as practicably possible
• Located in a vertical section of flow line
• Separator gas outlet
Sample point projects into the center of the flow line, facing into the flow. If the gas sampling point is mounted
on the bottom surface of the flow line and does not project into the gas stream, there is a possibility of the fluids
that condense on the inside of the flow line being sampled as part of the gas - rendering the sample invalid with
an excess of heavier components.
Separator Oil
On the side of the flow line if the oil sampling point is mounted on the bottom of the flow line, any water that
may still be present in the liquid stream will probably be sampled in preference to oil. If the sampling point is on
the top of the flow line, excess gas may be sampled. Either way the sample will be invalid.
DATA REQUIREMENTS
The following items of data pertaining to the sampling should be collected, and collated to enable the Sample
Data and Sample Listing Sheets to be completed:
• Calendar details
• Date of sampling
• Time of start and finish of sampling
• Sampling duration
Sample Details
• Sample number
• Sampling point location
• Sampling pressure and temperature
• Time since the well flow was declared to be stable
Sampling Conditions
• Choke size
• Separator pressure and temperature
• Wellhead pressure and temperature
• G.O.R., corrected and uncorrected for shrinkage
• Oil flow rate, corrected and uncorrected for shrinkage
• Gas flow rate corrected to standard conditions
• Water rate
• Sequence of events
Well Details
• Well number
• DST or Test number
• Client
• Factors
• Liquid meter
• Liquid densities
• Gas Specific Gravity
• H2S ppm
• CO2 %
• Orifice Differential Pressure
• Z (Gas compressibility factor)
SAMPLE CYLINDERS
Prolight Ti-690-64-MB-DOT
The Prolight sample receiver is a portable single piston sample receiver with an internal mixing ball, double
product inlet connections and one back pressure connection. The double inlet connection is suitable as flush
connection. Connections are furnished with “mini-valves” with 1/8” AE W125.
Features and Benefits:
• Light weight single piston sample receiver with internal mixing ball
• Autoclave engineers’ valves
• Outlet port: 1/8” AE W125
• Transportation box (DOT
requirement)
Unique double ended 20 Liter Aluminum Gas Cylinder is the sampling industry standard where large volume
surface separator gas samples are required to be taken during well testing.
Features and Benefits:
• Angled pattern Ventil valves with 1/4” NPT thread, female ports
• One valve is fitted with a fusible plug burst disc port. Cylinder is sup- plied with Fusible plug burst disc
fitted
• Blanking plug available separately
• Transportation box available