ENGLISH 5

GRAMMAR REVIEW
MS. MARCELA AMIEL
CONDITIONALS
 CONDITIONALS

✓ Sometimes we call them 'if clauses'.

✓ They describe the result of something that might happen (in the present or future) or might have
happened but didn’t happen (in the past).
✓ Remember we have different conditionals :

• The Zero Conditional

• The First Conditional
• The Second Conditional
• The Third Conditional
 CONDITIONALS

➢ Conditionals are clauses introduced with “IF”.

➢ They consist of two parts:

The if clause – presents the condition

the if-clause and the main clause. The main clause – presents the result of the condition

➢ The if-clause can come before or after the main clause.

➢ When it comes before the main clause, the two clauses are separated with a comma (,) .

,
If you drive carefully you won't have an accident.

OR
You won't have an accident if you drive carefully.
THIRD CONDITIONAL
THIRD CONDITIONAL

 We can also use could or might with the third conditional:

 WISH

 WISH is often used specifically to

communicate that we want to
able to change a situation in the SUBJECT + "WISH[ES]" + SUBJECT + PAST PERFECT+ COMPLEMENT

past .

 We can use 'wish' with the past

perfect to talk about regrets from
the past.
“SO” VS. “SO THAT”
 SO

 So can be used different depending on the context.

1. To make an adjective or adverb stronger: 2. So as result or an effect:

EXAMPLES : It tells us what happened as a result of an action.

• It's so hot today! EXAMPLES :

adj.
• She looks so young in that photo.
• She studied hard so she passed the exam.
adj.
action Result
• She walks so slowly. It's so annoying!
adv.
• I woke up early so I went for a run in the park.
action Result
REMEMBER : An adjective describes a noun or pronoun.
An adverb describes a verb or anything apart
from a noun and pronoun.
SO THAT ..

I am writing this letter so that I can explain why I love him.

action purpose

purpose
,
So that I can explain why I love him I am writing this letter.
action

IMPORTANT :
• SO THAT clause often includes a modal
( could, may, might, etc.)
YET – STILL - ANYMORE
YET..

We can also use it as :

 A conjunction (connecting two words, phrases, or
clauses):
 The weather was cold, yet bright and sunny.
 Her advice seems strange, yet I believe she’s right.
 STILL…

1. We use still as an adjective to say that something is not 4. We can also use still for :
moving:
 Don’t move keep still.

2. Still used with the present perfect means that something

hasn't happened.

 I've been waiting for an hour and the bus still hasn't come.

3. We use it to emphasize that we expected a thing to

happen earlier, but hasn’t happened yet. ( Still in this context
is used in negative sentences. )
 She still hasn’t replied to my email.
ANYMORE…

WHEN TO USE IT : EXAMPLES :

 Is an adverb that refers to time. It  I don't want to do it anymore.
means “at present” or “ any longer”
 You shouldn't be afraid to wear it anymore.
 It is used to show that something is no
longer happening or is finished.  Jane and Rafael don't live here anymore.
 It is usually in a negative phrase and They moved to New York.
at the end of a sentence.
EVERY VS. EACH
SOME VS. NONE
EVERY VS. EACH
 SOME VS. NONE

SOME
1.We use some as a pronoun.
2. We use some before nouns to refer to indefinite
quantities, but it implies a limited quantity.
EXAMPLES:
 I’ve got some questions for you.
 We've got some amazing chocolate cake,
and some carrot cake.
 I like some kinds of cake. (= a limited number of
kinds of cake
NONE
1. None is the pronoun form of no. None means ‘not one’
or ‘not any’.
2. We use it as a pronoun to replace countable and
uncountable nouns.
3. We use it as subject or object:
EXAMPLES:
 My mother had two brothers. My father had none. (My
father didn’t have any brothers.)
 A: Is there any cake?
B: Sorry, there’s none left. ( There is no cake left)
 LINKING WORDS

Linking words and phrases in English are used to combine two clauses or sentences
presenting contrast, comparison, condition, supposition, purpose, etc. They help us to
make clear connections between ideas.
 LINKING WORDS : TIME/ SEQUENCE

 They help to progress from one idea to the next idea.

 They help us tell the sequence of a story or an event.
 First, Second…. Finally, in the end : Add meaning of time, add
information or list examples.

EXAMPLE
• In the end, the chemicals affect your brain and body functions.
It is only a matter of time.
 LINKING WORDS : ADDITION

 They add information, reinforce ideas, and express

agreement.

Examples:
• He has the talent. In addition, he's got a lot of experience in
the entertainment industry.
• The design of the apartment is beautiful. Moreover, it’s
modern and fresh.
 LINKING WORDS : CONTRADICTION

They show that there is evidence to the contrary or they point out alternatives,
and so introduce a change in the line of reasoning (contrast).
Examples:
• I tried to lift the box; however, it was too heavy for me.
• Although I exercise every day, I can’t seem to lose any weight.
• She still loves him, even though he treated her very badly.
 LINKING WORDS :PURPOSE

 They present specific conditions or intentions. ( Why we are doing an

action)

EXAMPLES :

• They are practicing in order to win the competition.

• The woman spoke slowly so that her grandmother could understand her.

• The wedding was postponed because of the pandemic.

 THANK YOU!
GOOD LUCK IN YOUR TEST