Chapter -1

Matrices and Matrix Operations

Matrix Transformations

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 Exercise Set 1.8

Problem-1 Find the domain and co-domain of the transformation.

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Problem-2 Find the domain and co-domain of the transformation defined by the
matrix product.

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Problem-3 Find the domain and co-domain of the transformation T defined by
the formula.

Problem-4 Find the standard matrix for the transformation defined by the
equations.

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Problem-5 Find the standard matrix for the transformation T defined by the
formula.

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Problem-6 Show that T is a matrix transformation.

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 Basic Matrix Transformations in R2 and R3
Exercise Set 4.9

Problem-1: Use matrix multiplication to find the reflection of (−1, 2)

about the (a) x-axis (b) y-axis (c) line y = x.

Solution: The two dimensional reflection about x-axis is

T ( x , y )  ( x,  y )
T (e1 )  T (1, 0)  (1, 0)
T (e2 )  T (0, 1)  (0,  1)
1 0 
The standard matrix is T A  T (e1 ) T (e2 )   
0  1
1 0   1   1 
The reflection about x-axis is 0  1  2    2 .
    
Therefore, the reflection of (−1, 2) about x-axis is (-1, -2). Ans.

Problem-2: Use matrix multiplication to find the reflection of (2,−5, 3) about

the (a) xy-plane (b) xz-plane (c) yz-plane.

Solution: The three dimensional reflection about xy-plane is

T ( x, y , z )  ( x, y , z )
T (e1 )  T (1, 0, 0)  (1, 0, 0)
T (e2 )  T (0, 1, 0)  (0, 1, 0)
T (e3 )  T (0, 0, 1)  (0, 0,  1)

1 0 0 

The standard matrix is T A  0 1 0

 
0 0  1
1 0 0   2   2 
    
The reflection about xy-plane is 0 1 0  5   5 Ans.
    
0 0  1  3    3

Problem-3

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Solution:

Ans.

Problem-4

Solution:

Ans.

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Problem-5 Use matrix multiplication to find the contraction of (2,−1, 3) with
factor k = 1/4.

Solution:
The standard matrix for the contraction with factor k=1/4 in R3 , where
( 0  k  1 )is

k 0 0 
A   0 k 0 
 0 0 k 
We have point v=(2, -1, 3) with factor k=1/4, then
k 0 0   2  1 / 4 0 0   2   1/ 2 
Av   0 k 0   1   0 1 / 4 0   1   1 / 4 Ans.
    
 0 0 k   3   0 0 1 / 4  3   3 / 4 

Problem-6 Use matrix multiplication to find the dilation of (2,−1, 3) with factor
k = 2.

The standard matrix for the dilation with factor k=2 in R3 , where
( k  1 )is

k 0 0 
A   0 k 0 
 0 0 k 
We have point v=(2, -1, 3) with factor k=2, then
k 0 0   2  2 0 0   2   4 
Av  0 k 0   1  0 2 0   1   2 Ans.
0 0 k   3  0 0 2  3   6 

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Properties of Matrix Transformations

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 Exercise Set 4.10
Problem-1

Solution:

Ans.

Problem-2

Solution (a):
The standard matrix of T1 is
1 1 
T1  T (e1 ) T (e2 )   
1  1
The standard matrix of T2 is
 3 0
T2  T (e1 ) T (e2 )    
 2 4

Solution (b):
3 0 1 1  3 3 
T2 oT1  T2T1     
2 4 1  1 6  2

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 1 1  3 0 5 4 
T1oT2  T1T2     
1  1 2 4 1  4
Ans.

Problem-3

Solution:
The equation in matrix form is

Equivalently, w  Ax

Since, det(A) is non-zero, the matrix A is invertible and the operator is one-to-one.

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Ans.

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