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Report 2
Report 2
Mathematical Modeling
Sharisse Gomez, Alyssa Onorario, Abegail Romas
Department of Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science
University of the Philippines Mindanao
June 2021
The aim in this report is to demonstrate modeling using proportionality or geometric similar-
ity, and demonstrate model fitting. This is divided into two main parts: 1) the modeling activity
and 2) the model fitting using MS Solver.
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r1 , r2 are proportional to each other if their sides form equal ratio. In this problem we will use
the area relationship to determine if the two rectangles form equal ratio.
A0 l0 × w 0
= = k2
An ln × w n
Not only are these ratios immediately known once the scaling factor k has been specified,
but also the area may be expressed as a proportionality in terms of some selected characteristic
dimension. Let’s select the length l as the characteristic dimension. Then with lln0 = k, we have
2
A0 l0
= k2 =
An ln
Therefore,
A0 An
= = constant
l0 ln
holds for any two geometrically similar objects. That is, the area is always proportional to
length2 .
A ∝ l2
Thus, if we are want to determine a function using the object’s length and area, we have
y = f (l, A)
We could express all the function arguments in terms of some selected characteristic dimensions,
such as length, giving
y = g(l, l2 )
Therefore, to find if the canvas size is geometrically similar with the original painting we have
the model
l0 × w0 A0
r0 ∝ rn = = = k2
ln × w n An
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1.4 Discussion
In this report, the problem is to determine what dimension of a canvas should the painter use
to achieve a geometrically similar smaller painting with the original one. After the decision
variables, constraints, and assumptions were established, the model was formulated, given by
l0 × w0 A0
r0 ∝ rn = = = k2
ln × w n An
The goal was to check if the size of the original painting is proportional to the size of the
available canvas sizes, that is, if the ratio of the area of rectangle r0 , l0 ×w0 , and area of rectangle
r, ln × wn would result to some k 2 . Among the two available canvas size, r1 is geometrically
similar since it is proportional to the original painting size r0 .
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2 Model fitting using MS Solver
In this section, the equation y = mx+b will be fitted to the data found in Figure 1 using the three
analytic approaches: 1) Chebychev approximation criterion, 2) minimizing the sum of absolute
deviations, and 3) least-squares criterion.
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2.2 Minimizing the sum of absolute deviations
For this approach, the absolute deviations between each data point and their corresponding point
on the fitted line are minimized. From this, the line fitted using minimizing the sum of absolute
deviations (Figure 5) is given by y = 142.09x − 273.24.
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Figure 6: Using Least-squares criterion
Discussion
In Chebychev approximation criterion, the slope of the line is 98.56 and the y-intercept is 11.84.
The points are more spread out from the fitted line, but they are almost equidistant from the
line. On the other hand, in minimizing the sum of absolute deviations, the slope of the line is
142.09 and the y-intercept is -273.24. The points are closer to the fitted line, with some points
intersecting it. Lastly, in least-squares criterion, the slope of the line is 130.38 and the y-intercept
is -249.64. The fit of the line is almost similar to the fitted line using minimizing the sum of
absolute deviations, except it intersects less points.
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References
Rowen, D.A. et al. (2020). Geometric Similarity. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/g
similarity