Science 9

Respiratory System
Time Allotment: 2 meetings
Lesson Developer: Joselito Christian Paulus M. Villanueva

STANDARDS
Content Standard The learners demonstrate an understanding of:
 how the different structures of the circulatory and respiratory systems work
together to transport oxygen-rich blood and nutrients to the different parts of the
body
 the prevention, detection, and treatment of diseases affecting the circulatory and
respiratory systems

Performance Standard The learners shall be able to:

 conduct an information dissemination activity on effective ways of taking care of
the respiratory and circulatory systems based on data gathered from the school or
local health workers

Competencies S9LT-la-b26
explain how the respiratory and circulatory systems work together to transport nutrients,
gases, and other molecules to and from the different parts of the body

S9LT-lc-27
infer how one’s lifestyle can affect the functioning of respiratory and circulatory systems

Content Parts, Functions and Health of the Respiratory System

References Ck-12 Resources:
A. Respiratory System Organs (Flexbook)
B. Processes of Breathing (Flexbook)
C. Respiratory System Diseases (Flexbook)
D. Respiratory System Health (Flexbook)
License: Creative Commons: attribution, non-commercial
Authors: Jessica Harwood, Douglas Wilkin, Ph.D., Doris Kraus, Ph.D., Niamh Gray-Wilson,
Jean Brainard, Ph.D., Sarah Johnson, Jane Willan, Corliss Karasov, Douglas Wilkin, Ph.D.

Khan Academy Resource:

Meet the lungs
License: Creative Commons: attribution, non-commercial, share-alike

COVID-19 Resources:
License: Public domain
Author: Centers for Disease Control

Essential Understandings Essential Question/s

the students will understand that . . . 1. How does the respiratory system support the
Your respiratory system is the network of organs and human body?
tissues that help you breathe. This system helps your 2. Why are blood and oxygen important to us?
body absorb oxygen from the air so your organs can
work. It also cleans waste gases, such as carbon dioxide,
from your blood. Common problems include allergies,
diseases or infections.

Specific Learning At the end of the lesson the students will be able to:
Outcomes a. Name the major organs of the Respiratory System
b. Recognize the function of the lungs in gas exchange
c. Describe how oxygen travels throughout our bodies
d. Be familiarized with the common respiratory diseases and how to avoid them
e. Suggest ways on how to keep our respiratory system healthy

Preliminary Activities
1. Greetings
2. Energizer
3. Checking of attendance
4. Setting of Classroom Rules

Lesson Proper
ELICIT
Access prior knowledge Learner’s Activity
“Before we start the lesson, let’s gauge first how well you know about 1. Students will log-in to their Kolibri
the topic. Let’s have a short pretest in your Kolibri accounts. You may Accounts using the assigned usernames and
open your mobile devices and connect to out mobile network. Then, log passwords.
in your Kolibri accounts.”
2. In the “Learn” tab they will click on
“Quizzes” and look for “Lesson Pretest”.

3. They will answer the 8 item pretest.

(scores will be submitted to the teachers’
account)

ENGAGE
Get the students’ minds focused on the topic Learner’s Activity
After the pretest:
“Ok, I have now your scores. Congratulations to those who got high
scores on the pretest. For those who did not, it’s very much ok since we
would just begin our lesson on the Respiratory System.”

- The teacher will go through the questions briefly and randomly call
students to explain their answers - students will give tentative ideas about
their answers
Activity: How do lungs work?
Video Material: TED-Ed. (2014, November 24). How do lungs work? -
Emma Bryce [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch? - students will watch the video and may
v=8NUxvJS-_0k take some notes

“Please watch this short video. Be ready to answer a few questions

after.”

Guide Questions:
1. What do you think is the main purpose of breathing? Students’ responses:
- When you breathe, you transport oxygen
to the body’s cells to keep them working,
while also clearing your system of the

2. What parts of the body helps accomplish this task?
3. Is gas exchange only possible because of the lungs?
EXPLORE
Provide students with a common experience
Now, I would like you to log in again to your Kolibri accounts. This time
please read and watch the available materials and videos under the
“Respiratory System” lesson.
Resource 1: Respiratory System Organs (Flexbook)
 Respiratory System Organs Practice (11 items)
Resource 2: Meet the Lungs (Video)
Resource 3: Process of Breathing (Flexbook)
 Process of Breathing Practice (11 items)
EXPLAIN
Teach the concept
* the teacher will review the results of the practice quizzes
“Let us examine what have you learned from the previous activity.”
Review questions:
1. Name four organs in the respiratory system.
2. What is the trachea? What does the trachea lead into?
3. What organ is known as the voice box?
4. What is the diaphragm? Why is the diaphragm important?
“Very good! it seems like you’ve learned so much from activity. Let us
now go the process of beathing. To help us visualize how the air we
breathe travels through our body, let us watch a short video. Please
carbon dioxide that this work generates.
-It is specifically done by the body’s
respiratory system.
- The lungs make breathing possible
- No, it is mainly a coordinative function of
different body systems like nervous,
muscular and circulatory systems
Learner’s Activity
- reads the flexbooks and may take some
notes
- watches the video
- answers the Practice (should achieve 5 in
a row correct answers)
Learner’s Activity
Sample answers:
- Nose. Mouth. Larynx. Pharynx. Lungs.
Diaphragm.
- The trachea , or windpipe, is a long tube
that leads down to the lungs, where it
divides into the right and left bronchi . The
bronchi branch out into smaller bronchioles
in each lung. 
- the larynx.
- The diaphragm is a sheet of muscle that
spreads across the bottom of the rib cage.
When the diaphragm contracts, the chest
volume gets larger, and the lungs take in
air. When the diaphragm relaxes, the chest
volume gets smaller, and air is pushed out
of the lungs.
take notes and be prepared for some questions after.”

Activity: Oxygen’s Journey

Video Material: TED-Ed. (2017, April 13). Oxygen’s surprisingly complex
journey through your body - Enda Butler [Video]. YouTube. - students will watch attentively and take
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GVU_zANtroE notes

Review Questions:
1. How does oxygen enter the bloodstream?
2. What waste gas that is released during exhalation?
3. From the lungs, where does the oxygen go? - Students will give their answers
4. Why is oxygen needed by each cell in your body?

The respiratory system is the network of organs and tissues that help
you breathe. It includes your airways, lungs, and blood vessels. The
muscles that power your lungs are also part of the respiratory system.
These parts work together to move oxygen throughout the body and
clean out waste gases like carbon dioxide.

This system helps your inhale and exhale. Specifically, it has the
following functions:
1. Allows you to talk and to smell.
2. Brings air to body temperature and moisturizes it to the
humidity level your body needs.
3. Delivers oxygen to the cells in your body.
4. Removes waste gases, including carbon dioxide, from the body
when you exhale.
5. Protects your airways from harmful substances and irritants.

The respiratory system follows a coordinative mechanism from its parts

in order for you to breathe.

Your upper respiratory tract delivers the air to the lungs. These
structures include:

Mouth and nose: Openings that allows air from outside enter your
body into your respiratory tract.
Sinuses: Hollow areas between the bones in your head that help
regulate the temperature and humidity of the air you inhale.
Pharynx (throat): Tube that delivers air from your mouth and nose to
the trachea (windpipe).
Trachea: Passage connecting your throat and lungs.
Bronchial tubes: Tubes at the bottom of your windpipe that connect
into each lung.
Lungs: Two organs that diffuses oxygen from the air and pass it into the
blood.

From your lungs, your bloodstream delivers oxygen to all your organs
and other tissues.

Muscles and bones help move the air you inhale into and out of your
lungs. Some of the bones and muscles in the respiratory system include
your:

Diaphragm: Muscle that helps your lungs pull in air and push it out
Ribs: Bones that surround and protect your lungs and heart

When you breathe out, your blood carries carbon dioxide and other
waste out of the body. Other components that work with the lungs and
blood vessels include:

Alveoli: Tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and
carbon dioxide takes place.
Bronchioles: Small branches of the bronchial tubes that lead to the
alveoli.
Capillaries: Blood vessels in the alveoli walls that move oxygen and
carbon dioxide.
Lung lobes: Sections of the lungs – three lobes in the right lung and two
in the left lung.
Pleura: Thin sacs that surround each lung lobe and separate your lungs
from the chest wall.

Some of the other components of your respiratory system include:

Cilia: Tiny hairs that move in a wave-like motion to filter dust and other
irritants out of your airways.
Epiglottis: Tissue flap at the entrance to the trachea that closes when
you swallow to keep food and liquids out of your airway.
Larynx (voice box): Hollow organ that allows you to talk and make
sounds when air moves in and out.

From:
Respiratory System: Functions, Facts, Organs & Anatomy. (2021).
Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/21205-
respiratory-
system#:%7E:text=The%20respiratory%20system%20is%20the,
waste%20gases%20like%20carbon%20dioxide.

ELABORATE
Students apply the information learned in the Explain Learner’s Activity
“I would like to congratulate everyone! Based from the practice quizzes,
you showed some mastery in the naming the parts of the respiratory
system as well as their functions and also describing how oxygen travels
through the body.”

“Now, let us examine some conditions that can affect the respiratory
system. We all know that respiratory diseases are fairly common and to
avoid such diseases we should know how to take care of our respiratory
system.”

“ I would like you to open your Kolibri accounts again and work on the
remaining activities there.”
- reads the flexbooks and may take some
Resource 4: Respiratory System Diseases (Flexbook) notes
 Respiratory System Diseases Practice (12 items) - answers the Practice (should achieve 5 in
a row correct answers)
Resource 5: Respiratory System Health (Flexbook)
 Respiratory System Health Practice (10 items)
 EVALUATE
How will you know the students have learned the concept Learner’s Activity
“Now that we are almost at the end of the lesson, let’s gauge how 1. Students will log-in to their Kolibri
much have you understand about the topic. Let’s now have a short quiz Accounts using the assigned usernames and
in your Kolibri accounts.” passwords.

2. In the “Learn” tab they will click on

“Quizzes” and look for “Evaluation”.

3. They will answer the 10 item quiz.

(scores will be submitted to the teachers’
account)

EXTEND
Deepen conceptual understanding through use in new context Learner’s Activity
Right now, we are experiencing a global pandemic caused by the Corona virus disease (COVID-19). To avoid
such is better to protect ourselves and the people around us by knowing the facts and taking appropriate
precautionary measures.

In your Kolibri accounts, please open the “COVID-19 Resources”. This contains necessary materials to equip
us with the knowledge to know and prevent COVID-19.