Maryam Al Haddad

2/4/2021

Morgan, Edmund S. “Slavery and Freedom: The American Paradox.” The Journal of American
History. Vol. 59, No. 1 (Jun. 1972) p. 5-29.
“we owe a debt of gratitude to those who have insisted that slavery was something more than an
exception, that one fifth of the American population at the time of the Revolution is too many people to
be treated as an exception.” Pg. 5 fixed “The rise of liberty and equality in this country was
accompanied by the rise of slavery. That two such contradictory developments were taking place
simultaneously over a long period of our history, from the seventeenth century to nineteenth, is the central
paradox of Amerian history.” Pg. 5-6

Austen, Ralph A, and Woodruff D. Smith. “Private Tooth Decay as Public Economic Virtue: The Slave-
Sugar Triangle, Consumerism, and European Industrialization.” Social Science History. Vol. 14, No. 1
(Spring, 1990), p. 95-115.
“In the present article we suggest that the slave and sugar trade (along with the importation of other
“colonial goods”) was essential to European industrial development precisely because it stimulated and
ultimately reshaped the entire pattern of Western consumer demand. We will review the role assigned to
“luxury” consumption in the literature on the industrialization, suggest some ways in which this factor
can be better understood, and conclude with comments about sugar-based and related consumerism in the
later stages of modern economic history.” Pg. 96

Gray, Elizabeth Kelly. “’Whisper to Him the Word ‘India’’: Trans-Atlantic Critics and American Slavery,
1830-1860.” Journal of the Early Republic, Vol. 28, No. 3 (Fall, 2008), p. 379-406.
“For this reason, it is important to place American debates about slavery and filibustering in the context
of the Indian world. Such attention enhances understanding of American beliefs and justifications
regarding slavery and filibustering that were publicly expressed and, one can surmise, privately held.” Pg.
380

Pomfret, David M. “’Child Slavery’ in British and Far-Eastern Colonies 1880-1945.’ Past & Present, No.
201 (Nov. 2008) p. 175-213.
“This article re-examines these controversies and seeks to explicate the divergent aetiologias which
resulted by comparing British responses to the mui tsai system of domestic bond service on Hong Kong
with French responses to a similar phenomenon in Indo-China.” Pg. 176 fixed “However, comparison
of concurrent debates over ‘child slavery’ in different contexts can provide insights into how ideals and
assumptions about age and childhood informed European colonialism more generally: they had an
important bearing upon the ability of imperial reformers to advance reformist agendas, and a direct
influence on reappraisals of the limits of imperial responsibility.”pg 177.
Rugemer, Edward B. “Caribbean Slave Revolts and the Origins of the Gag Rule: A Contest between
Abolitionism and Democracy, 1797-1835.” Contesting Slavery: The Politics of Bondage and Freedom in
the New American Nation. John Craig Hammond and Matthew Mason, eds. University of Virginia Press,
2011.
” In this essay I argue that the majority of white men, whose representatives directly controlled the levers
of power in the federal government, the democratic process, as Habermas describes it, worked. The
establishment of the gag rule was a moment of will-formation that followed a long process of opinion-
formation on the issue of the relationship between slave rebellions and abolitionism.” Pg. 97