18th Week ¢ Ist Day NEW WORDS abortive modify ‘accommodate ‘spontaneous innate abor'tiv — mod’afi 2 kom’ dat spon ta’né ss inat” or in’ at Teaching two resourceful psychologists at the University of Nevada have Chimpanzees made splendid progress im vocabulary development in to Talk chimpanzees. Following a number of abortive attempts to teach French, German, or English to chimps, the researchers ppersevered* until they hit upon the Amencan Sign Language system that is often used by deaf persons. They have had to modify the language somewhat in order to accorumodate the animals’ spontaneous gestures. with a mixture of innate ‘movements and Jearned ones, some laboratory chimps now have an extensive vocabulary. Sample Sentences Use the new words in the following sentences. 1. His__ cunning allowed him to see through the spy's subterfuge.* 2. The divers made an attempt to rescue the dog from the murky* waters. ‘8. Because Phil refused to his philosophy, the directors were forced to invalidate* his appointment. ‘4. My English teacher admonished me: “I realize that the speech was to be ‘but it was not supposed to be incoherent or fraught* with fallacious* statements. 5. A quarrel was precipitated* when the dietician refused to the patient's special needs. Definitions if vocabulary is getting to be your stock in trade,* you should have no trouble in matching the new words with their meanings. 6. abortive —_ a fruitless,* useless, failing 7. modify Bb. tomake fit, adjust to 8 accommodate ___¢, natural 9. spontaneous ___ . without preparation, unrehearsed 10. innate e. to change TODAYS IDIOM ‘under the wire—just in time Hank hesitated about his term paper for two months and finally submitted it just under the wire,18th Week @ 2nd Day veneer urbane crave irrelevant wnir mir’ @ ad er ban" wrav rel’ 9 vent Chimpanzees Are Washoe, the chimpanzee, has more than a veneer of intelligence: Surprisingly Smart she can signal-her desire to eat, go In or out, be covered, or brush her teeth. In addition, she can make signs for “I'm sorry,” “Thurt." Huny.* Give me," and a mytdud of vies teri Uuat are familiar to young children. This urbane antmal can indicate that she craves more dessert by putting her fingers together ("more") aan dieu placing Ire dudex and second fingers on top of her tongue (‘sweet’). It is prelevant that Washoe cannot actually talk. ‘What {s important, however, is the consummate* ease with Which she has mastered her dally assignments. ‘Sample Sentences Use the new words in the following sentences, 1, Why did Silas Marner _wealth and practice cupidity*? 2. Once the hoax had been concocted*, a_ of problems arose. 3. The defendant was alleged to have been an army deserter, but the judge sald that was to the case. 4. By embellishing* her work with humor, the sophisticated playwright ‘succeeded on Broadway. 5. The lieutenant confessed toa of ignorance in order to properly evaluate* his corporal’ resourcefulness.* Definitions | Take the bull by the homns* and match the new words with their meanings. 6. veneer —__ & to desire 7. myriad Bb. countless number 8, urbane —— & polished, witty 8, crave 4. thin covering 10. irelevant —_¢, not related to the subject TODAY'S IDIOM to be at large—not confined or in jail Since the dangerous criminal was at large, all the townspeople began to buy dogs for protection.18th Week @ 3rd Day NEW WORDS deem inherent uit romp latent dem in hi’ ant buf romp lit at Easy to Train ‘The chimpanzees are deemed by scientists to be the closest to ‘man of all the living apes: consequently, they are fairly easy to train. Several years ago, two married researchers embarked on an interesting project: they reared and trained a chimp in almost the same manner as they would have raised a child, The animal id beautifully, convincing the couple of the inherent abuity of the chimpanzee. Cinema buffs who have seen Tarzan's clever monkey romp through the jungle also recognize the latent anteligence of those animals. Sample Sentences Use the new words in the following sentences, 1. Whom do you_ to be the bulwark? of the Republican party? 2, The firemen did not have to cajole* the enthusiastic {nto helping them extinguish the blaze. 3. When the intercity vampellion Legs, our tea was supposed Wy ver our hhapless* rivals. At the age of 42, the artist first became cognizant® of his genius, 8. Certain mice have an alertness that enables them to conquer the researchers’ Jabyrinths.* Definitions Match the new words with their meanings. 6. deem —— © bying hidden 7, inherent —__, to move ina lively manner 8 buff) __e, inborn 9. romp —— 4 afan, follower 10. latent — ¢ believe, to judge TODAY'S IDIOM to go against the grain—to irritate My uncle te in favor of come proteate, but certain demonstrations go against the grain.18th Week @ 4th Day NEW WORDS ‘tortuous itinerant peregrination ‘conjugal barometer tor chides itin’arant —_peragro nd’ shan kon’ fogol_ be roma tor More Facts chimps in the laboratory have demonstrated their ability to find About Chimps their way out of the most tortuous maze. They can press buttons, manipulate levers, avoid shocks, ete. When food is placed out of reach, the animals can prepare a ladder of boxes to reach it. In his natural habitat the chimpanzee Is something ofan itinerant He goes his nomadic* way through the jungle, living on fruit, {nseets, and vegetables. With the ald of his long, powerful hands Ihe pan swing rapidly from tree to tree and cnver considerable ground in his peregrinations. Chimps are loyal in their conjugal relationships, taking only one mate at a time. That may be another barometer of these animals’ superior intelligence, Sample Sentences Use the new words in the following sentences, 1. The other drivers were nettled* about the ease with which our car ascended* the ead 2. Arguments over money have often led to havoc." 8, The sedentary* twin was content to follow his brother's _on a map. 4. Signs were posted in the lobby to prevent, beggars and others ofthat fk from entering. 5. The warmth of Mr. Smythe's greeting each morning may be construed as an excellent of his health. Definitions Match the new words with their meanings. 6. tortuous a. wandering 7, itinerant, «= _b, winding 8. peregrination . travel 9. conjugal 4, relating to marriage 10. barometer fe. instrument for measuring change TODAY'S IDIOM to wink at—to pretend not to see ‘There was a plethora’ of evidence to show that the border guards ‘would wink at illegal shipments if they were paid in advance.REVIEW 18th Week ¢ 5th Day ‘Wille its Wue nat scicullsts Irave had remarkable success 1n teaching chimpanzees to communicate, we can be certain that even super-monkeys would have difficulty with any of the words below. However, higher animals who apply themselves can ‘master all of them. Match the twenty words with their meanings. Write the letter that stands for the definition in the appropriate answer space. (Note the similarity between numbers 8 and 9.) DEFINITIONS ‘not related to the subject b. thin covering . truitess, falling 4. natural ©. polished. civilized f. tomake fit, adjust to & on the spur of the moment 1h, move in a lively manner 1. to desire J. instrument for measuring change winding 4 tbo 1m, believe, to judge 1a, going from place to place ©. a fan, follower, enthusiast P. travel (n.) 4. relating to marriage, connubial* countless number 8. tochange lying hidden 21. under the wire ‘a. pretend not to see 22) to be at large just in time 23. go against the grain w. to imitate 24, wink at X. not confined or in jail WORDS FOR FURTHER STUDY MEANINGS 1 2. 3. Now check your answers on page 4+ 31, Make a record of those words you iced 5. usWORDSEARCH 18 ‘A Shameful ‘Situation Using the clues listed below, fll in each blank in the following story with one of the new words you learned this week. ‘The plight ofthe migrant farm worker continues to frustrate the U.S. Labor Department, court officials, legislators, religious ‘groups, and community agencies. Men, women, and children toil ‘six and seven days a week to carn as litle as $5 to $10 a week after being overcharged for their food, medicine, and basic living needs. They are housed in ramshackle dormitories, often with ‘non-functioning toilets—a © ___ of their employers’ ‘contempt for them; they lack hot water and showers, and. are ‘ven food that is barely fit for human consumption. Unserupulous contractors scour the countryside in search of homeless, @ , and unemployed men and women, offering to put them to work at good jobs picking fruits and vegetables. The U.S. Labor Department investigates the © of complaints of abused workers, issues fines, and revokes the licenses of contractors. But many such shady employers pay the fines (which they @___to be operating expenses) and continue to run company stores that cheat the workers, subjugate them with drugs and alcobol, © them with advances on thelr paltry wages at high interest, and ‘use violence against those whom they regard as troublemakers. Fred Jones, a typical ‘worker from South Carolina, claims to have worked for $6 cash out of his $158 check. His story 1s repeated by hundreds of others who have been treated shabbily by corrupt contractors. Until suffelent funds are allocated by state and federal agencles, and until there 1s the proper public response, these abuses will continue. © 4th Day @® 4th Day @ 2nd Day @ 3rd Day @ Ist Day