Republic of the Philippines

TARLAC STATE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION
GRADUATE SCHOOL
Lucinda Extension Campus, Brgy. Binauganan,
Tarlac City, Philippines 2300

REQUIREMENTS
ON
FOUNDATION OF
EDUCATION
(Crime and Violence)
May 30, 2020
__________

MICHELLE ANN S. TAÑEDO

MAEd-Physical Science

DR. NICANOR C. CAINGAT

 Professor, Foundation of Education
I. INTRODUCTION
Pretend you have a superpower and could make any problems in the
world go away, what would you change and why?
This simple question connects us to the topics underlying social problems.
There are many social problems that beset the country which may adversely
affect its progress and growth. The education has an important obligation to
help minimize such problems if not entirely eradicate them. It needs to be
offered to the masses so that we can understand why these presence of
social problems needs to be eliminated before it can put our future in grave
trouble or else it might decrease opportunity in developing a better place, “a
better nation”.

II. LEARNING OUTCOMES

A. 1. Identify the difference between crime and violence.
2. Discuss the different forms of crime and violence as part of the
sociological problem.
3. Explain the significant implications of the various forms of crime and
violence to educational system.
B. Recognize the role of Department of Education in providing proper
intervention and diversion programs to reduce crime and violence in school
community.
C. Enumerate ways on how to reduce crime and violence that can impede the
academic performance of student.

III. ACTIVITY LEARNING

The learners will analyze the four given artworks about social problems.
They will share their own thoughts and ideas by saying the possible message
that the artworks convey. This activity learning linked us to the issues about
the crimes and violence and its implication to education.
IV. CONTENT

CRIME AND VIOLENCE AS A SOCIAL PROBLEM AND ITS IMPLICATION

TO EDUCATION
What is violence?
Violence according to World Health Organization, it is the intentional use
of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another
person, or against a group or community, that either results in or has a high
likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, mal-development
or deprivation.”

What is crime?
Crime is an action or omission that constitutes an offense that may be
prosecuted by the state and is punishable by law.

Violence and Crime: Drawing a distinction

The term “violence” and “crime” are often closely linked and used
interchangeably. They should, however, not be confused. Let’s take a look
the example below:

“Smacking a child is a violent act. However, whether acts of corporal

punishment are seen as a criminal offense varies according to a country’s
law. In some countries, laws classify corporal punishment as a criminal act.
While in many other countries, it is not a crime and justified as a necessary
disciplinary measure.”

The term “violence” and “crime” are often closely linked and used
interchangeably. They should, however, not be confused.
 Not every case of violence is a crime, and not every crime is violent.
Therefore, it is important to distinguish between violence and crime as two
different terms that can overlap each other (and often do), but need not
necessarily do so.
Whether a violent act is considered a crime changes from country to
country, and it might change over time, as countries adapt their laws due to
changing political systems and social values. Understanding the difference
between two concepts is important in responding appropriately and adopting
effective prevention strategies.

FORMS OF CRIME AND VIOLENCE AND ITS IMPLICATION TO EDUCATION

A. BULLYING is a form of violence that refers to repeated victimization (physical

or emotional) of a person by another person or group. These repeated actions
can happen face to face or through an electronic device.

Bullying can take many forms such as:

1. Physical bullying 
a. Physical attacks c. Threatened or forced to do things.
b. Things stolen or destroyed.
2. Psychological bullying
a. Verbal abuse c. Social exclusion or Isolation
b. Emotional abuse
3. Sexual bullying
a. Sexual jokes and comments
b. Sexual gestures
4. Cyberbullying
a. Exclusion d. Harassment
b. Trickery  e. Impersonation
 c. Cyber-stalking f. Voting/Polling Booths

What are the causes of bullying?

 Individual factors
 Personality styles and behaviors
 Physical strengths
 Family factors
 Lack of attention and warmth toward the child.
 Poor supervision
 Aggressive behavior
 Physical and verbal abuse
 Family violence
 School factors
 Social climate
 Supervision

Bullying is form of crime when it crosses the line particularly if it violates or

break law of a certain country. Most bullying incidents are not crimes. But some
types of bullying are illegal and should be reported to the police. This includes
bullying actions that can fall into criminal categories, such as violence or assault,
theft, hazing, harassment and intimidation over a period of time including calling
someone names or threatening them, making abusive phone calls, and sending
abusive emails or text messages and anything involving hate crimes.

Bullying in the Philippines can be addressed by the specific law given below:

BULLYING
Republic Act No. 10627: The Anti-Bullying Act of 2013
“An act requiring all elementary and secondary schools to adopt policies to
prevent and address the acts of bullying in their institutions.”
 What are the implications of bullying to the child’s education?

 Disconnection from school

 Poor academic performance
 Lack quality friendships at school
 High emotional distress
 Association with delinquent peers

What is the role of Department of Education (Dep Ed) in addressing

“bullying” as one of the sociological problem?

DepEd Order No. 40, s. 2012: DepEd Child Protection Policy

“Policy and Guidelines on Protecting Children in School from Abuse, Violence,
Exploitation, Discrimination, Bullying and Other Forms of Abuse.”
III. PREVENTIVE MEASURES TO ADDRESS CHILD ABUSE, EXPLOITATION,
VIOLENCE, DISCRIMINATION AND BULLYING AND OTHER ACTS OF ABUSE
Section 11. Capacity Building of School Officials, Personnel, Parents and Students
The programs that are intended to promote Positive and Non-violent Discipline include,
not are not limited to, the following:

1. Integration of education sessions on corporal punishment and positive discipline in

the initiatives of the Parent-Teachers Association (PTAs);
2. Capacity-building programs for school administrators, teachers and non-academic
personnel focused on children’s rights, child development and positive and
nonviolent approaches in teaching and classroom management, to enable them to
incorporate positive discipline messages in parent-teacher conferences and family
counseling, and integrate messages on children’s rights and corporal punishment in
classroom discussions;
3. Encouraging and supporting the formation and initiatives of support groups among
teaching and non-teaching staff, and parents and caregivers;
4. Implementing specific parenting orientation sessions with parents and caregivers
and other activities;
B. CHILD MALTREATMENT OR CHILD ABUSE is a form of crime and violence
that refers to the physical or mental injury, sexual abuse or exploitation, negligent
treatment, or maltreatment that affects the most vulnerable in our society, those
under the age of 18.

It includes:
1. Child neglect 5. Physical abuse
2. Physical neglect 6. Emotional abuse
3. Educational neglect 7. Sexual abuse
4. Emotional neglect 8. Child Labor

What are the causes that can affect child abuse?

 Domestic violence
 Alcohol and drug abuse
 Untreated mental illness
 Lack of parenting skills
 Stress and lack of support
 Child Maltreatment or Child Abuse in the Philippines can be addressed
by the specific law given below:

CHILD MALTREATMENT OR CHILD ABUSE

Republic Act No. 7610: Special Protection of Children Against

Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination Act
“An act providing for stronger deterrence and special protection
against child abuse, exploitation and discrimination, providing
penalties for its violation and for other purposes.”

What are the implications of child maltreatment to the child’s education?

 Lower cognitive functioning and academic achievement

 Poor social skills
 Classroom behavior problems
 Disconnection from school
 Lower academic success can cause lifelong, negative psychosocial and
economic consequences.
 Abuse in early years can undermine lifelong learning.

C. Juvenile Delinquency is a form of crime and violence committed by children

and adolescents under the age of 18 years old. The maximum age limit and also
the meaning of juvenile crimes varies from country to country. But it is always
below 18 years of age which is the statutory age for delinquency.
Delinquent acts may include:
1. Vandalism 8. Runaway children
2. Theft 9. Reckless driving
3. Alcohol addiction 10. Gambling
4. Tobacco addiction 11. Gang involvement
5. Drug possession 12. Rape
 6. Truancy 13. Prostitution
7. Running away from home 14. Murder

What are the causes that can affect Juvenile Delinquency?

 Delinquency areas
 Frustration
 Bad company
 Poverty
 Idleness
 Psychological needs
 Lack of spiritual and moral values

There some instances when a juvenile may be treated as an adult in court.

This happens when the crime committed is considered especially heinous or
violent. Crimes such as murder, rape, certain types of gang violence or other
violent crimes may result in the minor being tried as an adult. When that
happens, the court treats the minor just as if he or she were an adult.

Juvenile Delinquency in the Philippines can be addressed by the specific

law given below:

JUVENILE DELINQUENCY

Republic Act No. 9344: Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006
“An act establishing a comprehensive juvenile justice and welfare
system, creating the juvenile justice and welfare council under the
department of justice, appropriating funds therefor and for other
purposes.”
 What are the implications of juvenile delinquency to the child’s education?

 Lower educational achievement

 Behavioral problems
 Truancy or failure to attend school
 Increased peer isolation
 Association with delinquent peers

What is the role of Department of Education (Dep Ed) in addressing “Child

abuse” and “Juvenile Delinquency” as part of the sociological problem?

DepEd Order No. 18, s. 2015: DepEd Guidelines and Procedures on the
Management of Children-at-Risk (CAR) and Children in Conflict with the Law
(CICL)
III. PREVENTIVE MEASURES TO ADDRESS CHILD ABUSE, EXPLOITATION,
VIOLENCE, DISCRIMINATION AND BULLYING AND OTHER ACTS OF ABUSE
Section 17. Procedure in Managing Children in Conflict with the Law (CICL)

A. Offenses Committed in School

B. CICL Undergoing Diversion Program
C. CICL in Bahay Pag-asa, Detention and Other Rehabilitation Center
D. Former CICL Who Are Out of School

V. EVALUATION
How can you reduce the crimes and violence cases in your school
community in simple ways? Enumerate three possible ways that you will be
doing in guiding and protecting students in terms of uplifting their academic
performance despite experiencing such problems.

Criteria: Content (10 points) Organization (5 points) Grammar (5 points) = 20 points

 VI. REFERENCES

Calderon, J. 1998). Foundations of Education.

https://books.google.com.ph/books/about/Foundations_of_Education.html?
id=a5QWDQpZLQC&printsec=frontcover&source=kp_read_button&redir_esc=y

Dlamini, S. (2017). Effects of Child Abuse on the Academic Performance of Primary

School Learners in the Manzini Region, Swaziland.
https://doi.org/10.5430/wje.v7n5p58

Fisher, S. (2010). Crimes in Schools.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266797227_crime_in_Schools

Hilyard, K. (2002). Child neglect: Developmental issues and outcomes.

https://doi.org/10.1014S0145-2134(02)00341-1

McCord, J. (2000). Education and Delinquency.

https://www.nap.edu/read/9972/chapter/5

Oliveira, F. (2018). Domestic violence as a form of child abuse: Identification and

prevention. https://aif.gov.au/cfca/publications/domestic-violence-form-child-
abuse-identification

Waasdorp, T. (2011). The link between parent’s perceptions of the school and their
responses to school bullying: Variation by child characteristics and the forms of
victimization. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2011-05172-001

Philippine Law and Dep Ed Orders references:

Department of Education (2012). DO 40 s 2012.
https://www.deped.gov.ph/2012/05/14/do-40-s-2012-deped-child-protection-
policy/

Department of Education (2015). DO 18 s 2015.

https://www.deped.gov.ph/2015/05/18/do-18-s-2015-deped-guidelines-and-
procedures-on-the-management-of-children-at-risk-car-and-children-in-conflict-
with-the-law-cicl/89/?search_api_views_fulltext

Philippine Commission on Women (2009). Republic Act. No.7610.

https://pcw.gov.ph/law/republic-act-7610

The LAWPHiL Project (2013). Republic Act. No. 10627.

https://www.lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2013/ra_10627_2013.html

The LAWPHiL Project (2006). Republic Act. No. 9344.

https://www.lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2006/ra_9344_2006.html

Artworks references:

 https://pin.it/31qhBAm
 https://www.artmajeur.com/en/sergiu-roman/artworks/11251637/auspicium-jpg
 https://news.wjct.org/post/312018-bullying-study-first-coast-success-tim-cost-art-
attack-moove-it-5k-kerry-speckman
 https://www.masterfile.com/search/en/substance+abuse+illustrations