M1:L1-L3 Enrichment Activity

1. Good software can be characterized on three grounds: one is operability which tells us
how well software works in operations. Choose three factors where it can be measured
and discuss it in your own words.

Dependability, usability and efficiency. It has the ability to provide

services that can defensibly be trusted within a time-period and can be used with ease
effectively defined in a level performance that uses lowest amount of inputs to create
greatest amount of outputs.

2. Software paradigms are commonly used to develop large software applications. Give an
example where it can be applied and explain its use in that field.

Requirement gathering, software design and programming. Applying this to my

field may help me what my clients need in making software. First I need to gather
requirements by asking what is the problem of the system then I design a software
pertaining to the addressed problem and lastly programming which includes codes.

3. What is the importance of continuous evolution in software? Provide an example by

citing well-known applications which have obtained transformation over the years.

Continuous evolution is important because it's the best way to ensure that we're
doing things the most efficient, effective, and productive way, every single day of the
week and on every single component that we're working on. Nike, one of the top sports
shoes and clothing companies in the world, thought that they were beginning to become
slow and obsolete. The leadership of Nike didn't hesitate. It simply changed the
company's mentality, supply chain, and brand digitally and was able to communicate
better with its customer base. The business concentrated on more effective data analytics,
revised its e-commerce strategy, built stronger digital marketing strategies and expanded
its direct sales to consumers. More productive and successful use of digital consumer data
led Nike to open concept shops, build more options for membership and enhance the
online and app customer experience.
M1: Assessment

1. In your own understanding, what is a software? How is it related to hardware and people
ware?

Software is a program and operating system used by a computer. Computer

software, in fact, controls computer hardware. Both of these elements are complementary
and do not behave independently of each other. In order for a machine to process
information effectively and generate useful output, its hardware and software must work
together. Computer hardware is useless without software. Using a mixture of hardware
and software, computers work. Nevertheless, most computers will be useless devices
without user interaction. Therefore, a third element that takes into account the importance
of humans in the computational process is often called 'people ware'.

2. What are the software paradigms and how do they affect software development?

There are various categories in software paradigms; Programming, Software

Design and Software Development paradigm. Programmers and Software Designers are
the two things that develop software. Programming for specific tasks like merging
databases, processing online orders, routing communications, performing searches or
displaying text and graphics, write source code to program computers. Software design is
a process that assists the programmer in software coding and implementation to turn user
requirements into some appropriate type.

3. Which phase of SDLC is the most critical part? Justify you answer by citing an example.

The most critical stage of the SDLC is the requirement gathering and system
analysis, since this is when the project team starts to understand what the client needs
from the project. The project team visits the client during the requirement collection
sessions to outline each requirement in detail.

4. Why is it important for any organization to integrate training and support in their
computing infrastructure?

One of the key benefits of a solid infrastructure is that it offers an organization-

wide exchange of information. A strategic infrastructure reduces the inconsistencies and
barriers to communication inherent in the structure of an organization, creating cross-
functional and interpersonal communication.
M2:L1-L2 Enrichment Activity

After understanding the principle of requirements gathering, specifications and data gathering
guidelines, explain how these does affect the business requirements in software development.
Give an example of an existing organization or IT firm and relate how these principles affect the
business operations.

The final results of programs or projects are greatly influenced by inadequate

specifications. Requirements are the "blueprints" on which everyone involved in the project
works. This can lead to bad designs and experiments where there are poor specifications, which
in turn can cause development and testing delays. It is important to update the requirements; both
of these delays thus lead to a late project. In situations where key components are ignored and
left out altogether, poor product quality can result from poor specifications.

M2: Assessment

1. Why do we need to identify and establish the requirements in software development?

All parts of the product and the process of its development must be understood in
the same way by every team member to ensure smooth project development. Software
requirements specification is made to ensure that developers see each feature of the
product exactly as the customer does.

2. What are the kinds of specifications needed in this requirement gathering? Give example.

Functional- describe what a system should do. Example is what is the new
features of the app you’re making. Non-functional- constraints on how the system will do
so. Example is what the performance of the app gives.

3. What kind of requirements should be gathered?

Functional, data requirements, environmental requirements, user requirements and

usability requirement.
 4. How will you differentiate each data gathering techniques?

Questionnaires uses series of questions designed to elicit specific information.

Interviews involve asking someone a set of questions often are face-to-face. Focus groups
and workshops, it can be revealing to get a group of stakeholders together to discuss
issues and requirements. Naturalistic observation spends time with stakeholders in their
task, observing work as it happens. Studying documentation procedures and rules are
often written down in a manual.

5. How are we going to interpret the gathered data?

We can use analysis models in object-oriented systems by using a case diagrams that
consists of actors and user cases. We can also use a class diagrams.

M3:L1-L3 Enrichment Activity

Make a research applying the SDLC process. Include all processes identified on this
module. The user fishbone in defining the gaps and techniques on data gathering
should apply only based on the current circumstances that we have. In doing the
output of the research, use the following:

i. Proposed topic
Online Voting System for Student Organizations in City College of Calamba

ii. Rationale
Voting schemes have evolved from counting hands in time period to systems that
include paper, punch card, mechanical lever and optical-scan machines. Electronic
voting systems provide some characteristic different from the normal voting
technique, and also it provides improved features of voting system over traditional
voting system like accuracy, convenience, flexibility, privacy, verifiability and
mobility. Online voting systems are software platforms accustomed securely conduct
votes and elections. As a digital platform, they eliminate the necessity to cast your
votes using paper. They also protect the integrity of your vote by preventing voters
from having the ability to vote multiple times. Many secure voting platform vendors
provide supportive vote service industry services that help organizations design and
implement their voting procedures. These services help organizations save time.
Online voting system is an internet voting technique. The organizations in City
College of Calamba are consisted of various organizations like STUDEN SUPREME
 COUNCIL, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SOECIETY, CSL, COUNCIL OF
STUDENT LEADERS, SENTINEL, and lots of more. All of those organizations are
all the same in terms of what they're aiming for the school and also for the students,
these organizations want to assist different students of various departments to own a
higher guide through their journey within the school and have good and memorable
experience until they graduate. To make this happen these organizations needs
organizational leaders to lead those organizations and therefore the members of the
organizations moreover. In order to do that they all need to conduct a legal system so
as to pick who will become the officials to guide those organizations. But the matter
is that manual method is that the only available method for them once they are
conducting voting on elections. Thanks to its manual way of voting, problems occur
like papers used for voting are being stocked and become wasted, some instances like
some voters vote multiple times for a selected candidate, some votes are not being
counted, and lastly is that there's such a lot time consumed during elections. So
through solve this sort of problems and issues, we propose a system which may be an
online voting system to assist them make voting simpler and efficient. During this
system people that are students of City College Calamba and any sex can give his or
her vote online without visiting any physical topographic point. In Online legal
system a voter can use his or her right online with none difficulty. He or she should
be registered first for him/her to vote manually. Registration is principally done by
the supervisor for security reasons. After registration, the voter will use the Login ID
and password with which he/she can use to log into the system and revel in services
provided by the system like voting. If invalid/wrong details are submitted, then the
student isn't registered to vote.

iii. Research Questions

1. What new options (or variants on existing options) does online voting system enable?
2. How can online voting system be made more secure?
3. What are the costs and benefits of open standards that could facilitate the design of
online voting system?

iv. Significance of the Study

Students – this study will give benefits for all the students of City College of Calamba during
elections, this will help them to vote faster and easier.

City College of Calamba – The administration of the school will not have to worry about
scheduling a free day for all the students to vote at the same time and also help them to save
materials like pen and papers.
 Organizations – It will be easier for the organizations to compute and process the results of
the elections and also to avoid the possibilities of miscalculations.

The Researcher – This system will help the researcher to improve their knowledge about
system planning, designing, and programming that can help them to level up their ideas for
future projects and researches.

Future Researches – This study can help the future proponents to provide their basis
reference from their future researches with the same idea and work.

M3: Assessment

1. Explain in your own words, what software design is. Give an example on how you can
make a good system design.

If it has consistent styling, good comments, is modular, etc., a program can be easy to
maintain. In fact, there is a lot of literature on good software design that just focuses on
design principles that make it easy to make changes to parts of the software without
breaking its functionality. Reusable is a good system design.

2. What is the importance of doing software testing?

At a high level, software testing is needed in order to detect the bugs in the software and
to test if the software meets the customer requirements. Applications can have errors
which may lead to rework, costly failure or worse, loss of life. Software testing is a
process, to evaluate the functionality of a software application with an intent to find
whether the developed software met the specified requirements or not and to identify the
defect to ensure that the product is defect free in order to produce the quality product.

3. What are the different testing styles that you can use in your system? What is more
feasible in your project?

The different testing styles that can be uses in your system are; Unit Testing, Integration
Testing, System Testing and Acceptance Testing. System Testing is more feasible in a
project or end to end testing. It is fully testing the integrated application to ensure that the
software works in all intended target systems. It tests the users experience with the
application