1 ) If A, B, C are three points on a line such that AB = 5 cm,

BC = 3 cm and AC = 8 cm, which one of them lies between

the other two?
Solution:
We have, AB = 5 cm; BC = 3 cm
∴ AB + BC = 5 + 3 = 8 cm
But, AC = 8 cm
Hence, B lies between A and C.

2) Which direction will you face if you start facing

(a) east and make 12 of a revolution clockwise? z
(b ) east and make 112 of a revolution clockwise? z
(c) west and make 34 of a revolution anticlockwise?
(d) south and make one full revolution? (Should we specify
clockwise or anticlockwise for this last question? Why
not?)
Solution:
Taking one full revolution we will reach back to the original
(starting) position. Therefore, it make no
difference whether we turn clockwise or anticlockwise.

3) Classify each one of the following angles

Solution:
(a) Acute angle
(b) Obtuse angle
(c) Right angle
(d) Reflex angle
(e) Straight angle
(f) Acute angle

4) Measure the angles given below using the protractor

and write down the measure.

Solution:
(a) 45°
(b) 125°
(c) 90°
(d) ∠1 = 60°, ∠2 = 90°, ∠3 = 125°
5) Find the angle measure between the hands of the clock
in each figure:
Solution:
(i) The angle between hour hand and minute hand of a
clock at 9.00 a.m = 90∘
(ii) The angle between the hour hand and minute hand of a
clock at 1.00 p.m = 30∘
(iii) The angle between the hour hand and minute hand of
a clock at 6.00 p.m = 180∘

6)Measure and classify each angle:

 Angle Measure Type

∠AOB

∠AOC

∠BOC

∠DOC

∠DOA

∠DOB

Solution:

Angle Measure Type 

∠AOB 40° Acute angle

∠AOC 125° Obtuse angle

∠BOC 85° Acute angle

∠DOC 95° Obtuse angle

 ∠DOA 140° Obtuse angle

∠DOB 180° Straight angle

7)Name the types of following triangles:

(а) Triangle with lengths of sides 7 cm, 8 cm and 9 cm.
(b) ∆ABC with AB = 8.7 cm, AC = 7 cm and BC = 6 cm.
(c) ∆PQR such that PQ = QR = PR = 5 cm.
(d) ∆DEF with m∠D = 90°
(e) ∆XYZ with m∠Y = 90° and XY = YZ.
(f) ∆LMN with m∠L = 30° m∠M = 70° and m∠N = 80°.
Solution:
(a) Lengths of the sides of a triangle are given as: 7 cm, 8
cm and 9 cm.
Since, all sides of the given triangle are different.
Hence, it is a Scalene triangle.
(b) Given that: AB = 8.7 cm, AC = 7 cm and BC = 6 cm
Here AB ≠ AC ≠ BC Hence, ∆ABC is Scalene triangle.
(c) Given that: PQ = QR = PR = 5 cm
Since all sides are equal.
Hence, it is an equilateral triangle.
(d) Given that: In ∆DEF, m∠D = 90°
Hence it is a right angled triangle.
(e) Given that: In ∆XYZ, m∠Y = 90° and XY = YZ
Hence it is a right angled triangle.
(f) Given that: ∆LMN, m∠L = 30°, m ∠M = 70° and m∠N =
80°.
Hence it is an acute angled triangle.

8) Write the following integers in their increasing order.

– 3, 0, – 6, 5, – 4, 6, 3, – 8
Solution:
The required increasing order is:
– 8, – 6, – 4, – 3, 0, 3, 5, 6

9)Find the sum of the following integers:

(a) (- 8) + (+ 5) + (- 3) + (- 2)
(B) (- 7) + (- 9) + (+ 4) + (+ 3)
Solution:
(a) (- 8) + (+ 5) + (- 3) + (- 2)
= (- 8) + (+ 5) – (3 + 2)
= (- 8) + (+ 5) – (5)
= (- 8) + 0 = – 8 [ ∵ (+ a) + (- a) = 0]
(b) (- 7) + (- 9) + (+ 4) + (+ 3)
= (- 7) + (- 9) + (4 + 3)
= (- 7) + (- 9) + (+ 7)
= (- 7) + (+ 7) + (- 9)
= 0 + (- 9) = – 9 [ ∵ (- a) + (+ a) = 0]

10)Following is the list of temperatures of five places in

India on a particular day of the year.

(a) Write the temperatures of these places in the form of

integers in the blank column.
(b) Following is the number line representing the
temperature in degree Celsius.

Plot the name of the city against its temperature.

(c) Which is the coolest place?
(d) Write the names of the places where temperatures are
above 10°C.
Solution:

(c) Siachin is the coolest place with -10°C temperature.

(d) (i) Delhi → 20°C
(ii) Ahemedabad → 30°C

11)Write all the integers between the given pairs (write

them in the increasing order):
(a) 0 and -7
(b) -4 and 4
(c) -8 and -15
(d) -30 and -23
Solution:
(a) Integers between 0 and -7 are:
– 6, – 5, – 4, -3,-2,- 1.
(b) Integers between -4 and 4 are:
– 3, – 2, -1, .0, 1, 2, 3.
(c) Integers between -8 and -15 are:
-14,-13, -12,-11,-10,-9.
(d) Integers between -30 and -23 are:
– 29, – 28, – 27, – 26, – 25, – 24.

12)Use number line and add the following integers:

(a) 9 + (-6)
(b) 5 + (-11)
(c) (-1) + (-7)
(d) (- 5) + 10
Solution:
(a) 9 + (- 6)
13)Add without using number line:
(a) 11 + (-7)
(b) (-13) + (+18)
(c) (-10) + (+19)
(d) (-250) + (+150)
(e) (-380) + (-270)
(f) (-217) + (-100).
Solution:
(a) 11 + (-7) = 4 + (+7) + (-7)
[(+7) + (-7) = 0]
=4+0=4
Hence, 11 + (-7) = 4.

(b) (-13) + (+18) = (-13) + (+13) + (+5)

[ (-13) + (+13) = 0]
= 0 + (+ 5) = 5
Hence, (- 13) + (+ 18) = 5.

(c) (-10) + (+19) = (-10) + (+10) + (+9)

[ (-10) + (10) = 0] = 0 + (+9) = 9
Hence, (-10) + (19) = 9.

(d) (-250) + (+150) = (-100) + (-150) + (+150)

= (-100) + 0 = -100 [(-150) + (+150) = 0]
Hence, (-250) + (+150) = - 100.
(e) (-380) + (-270) = -[380 + 270] = (-650)
Hence, (-380) + (-270) = (-650).

(f) (-217) + (-100) = - [217 + 100] = -317

14)Find:
(a) 35 – (20)
(b) 72 – (90)
(c) (-15) – (-18)
(d) (- 20) – (13)
(e) 23 – (-12)
(f) (-32) – (-40)
Solution:
(a) 35 – (20) = 15 + (20) – (20)
= 15 + 0 = 15 [(+a) + (-a) = 0]

(b) 72 – 90
72 – (72 + 18) = 72 – 72 – 18
= 0 – 18 = – 18 [a + (- a) = 0]
(c) (- 15) – (- 18)
= (- 15) + (additive inverse of – 18)
= (-15) + (18) = 3

(d) (- 20) – (13)

(- 20) – (13) = – [20 + 13] = – 33

(e) 23 – (- 12)
23 – (- 12) = 23 + (additive inverse of – 12)
= 23 + 12 = 35

(f) (- 32) – (- 40)

(- 32) + (additive inverse of – 40)
= (- 32) + 40 = 8

15)Find :
(a) (-7) – 8 – (-25)
(b) (-13) + 32 – 8 – 1
(c) (-7) + (-8) + (-90)
(d) 50 – (-40) – (-2)
Solution:
(a) (-7) – 8 – (-25)
= (-7) – 8 + 25
[ ∵ Additive inverse of – 25 is 25]
= -7 + 17 = -7 + 7 +10
[∵ (-a) + (+a) = 0]
= 0 + 10 = 10.

(b) (-13) + 32 – 8 – 1
= (-13) + (13) + 19 – (8 + 1)
= 0 + 19 – 9
= 19 – 9 [∵ (-13) + (13) = 0]
= 10 + 9 – 9 = 10 + 0 = 10.
[(+9) – (+9) = 0]

(c) (-7) + (-8) + (-90) = – (7 + 8) + (-90)

= -15 + (-90)
= -(15 + 90)
= -105.

(d) 50 – (-40) – (-2)

= 50 – [- 40 – 2]
= 50 – (-42)
= 50 + 42
= 92.

16)What fraction of a day is 8 hours?

Solution:
Since, a day has 24 hours and we have 8 hours,
Required fraction =8 / 24

17)Write the natural numbers from 2 to 12. What fraction

of them are prime numbers?

Solution:
Natural numbers between 2 and 12 are;
2,3,4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,11, 12
Number of given natural numbers = 11
Number of prime numbers = 5
Required fraction =5/11

18)Kristin received a CD player for her birthday. She bought

3 CDs and received 5 others as gifts. What fraction of her

total CDs did she buy and what fraction did she receive as
gifts?
Solution:
Number of CDs bought by her from the market = 3
Number of CD’s received as gifts = 5
∴ Total number of CDs = 3 + 5 = 8
∴ Fraction of CD (bought) = 3/8 and the fraction of CDs
(gifted) = 5/8
19)Draw number lines and locate the points on them.

Solution:

We have divided the number line from 0 to 1 into four

equal parts.
C represents 24 i,e., 12
B represents 14
D represents 34
and E represents 44 , i.e., 1.
We have divided the number line from 0 to 1 into eight
equal parts.
B represents 18
C represents 28
D represents 38
and H represents 78

From the above number line, we have

C represents 25
D represents 35
E represents 45
and I represents 85

20) Express the following as mixed fractions:

Solution:
21)Express the following as improper fractions:
Solution:

22)Write the fractions and pair up the equivalent fractions

from each row.

Solution:
The following pairs fractions:represent the equivalent
fractions.
(a) and (ii) =1/2
(b) and (iv) =2/3
(c) and (i) =1/3
(d) and (v) =1/4
(e) and (iii) =3/4

23) Find the equivalent fraction of 3/5having

(a) denominator 20
(b) numerator 9
(c) denominator 30
(d) numerator 27
Solution:
(a) Here, we require denominator 20.
Let N be the numerator of the fractions.
The required fraction is 12/20

(b) Here, we required numerator 9.

Let D be the denominator of the fraction.

The required fraction is 9/15.

(c) Here, we required denominator 30.

Let N be the numerator of the fraction.

The required fraction is 18/30.

(d) Here, we required numerator 27.

Let D be the denominator of the fraction.

The required fraction is 27/45

24)Ramesh had 20 pencils, Sheelu had 50 pencils and
Jamaal had 80 pencils. After 4 months, Ramesh used up
10 pencils, Sheelu used up 25 pencils and Jamaal used up
40 pencils. What fraction did each use up? Check if each
has used up an equal fraction of her/his pencils.
Solution:
Ramesh used up 10 pencils out of 20 pencils.

Sheelu used up 25 pencils out of 50 pencils.

Jamaal used up 40 pencils out of 80 pencils.

Yes, each has used up an equal fractions, i.e.,1/2.

25)Find answers to the following. Write and indicate how

you solved them.
Solution:

By cross-multiplying, we get
5 x 5 = 25 and 4 x 9 = 36
Since 25 ≠ 36

By cross-multiplying, we get
9 x 9 = 81 and 16 x 5 =80
Since 81 ≠ 80

By cross-multiplying, we get
4 x 20 = 80 and 5 x 16 = 80
Since 80 = 80

By cross-multiplying, we get
1 x 30 = 30 and 4 x 15 = 60
27)Rafiq exercised for 36 of an hour, while Rohit exercised
for 34 of an hour. Who exercised for a longer time?
Solution:
Rafiq exercised for 36 of an hour.
Rohit exercised for 34 of an hour.
Comparing 36 and 34 , we get
3 x 4 = 12 and 3 x 6 = 18
Since 12 < 18
∴ 34 > 36
Hence Rohit exercised for longer time.
28) In a class A of 25 students, 20 passed in first class, in
another class B of 30 students, 24 passed in first class. In
which class was a greater fraction of students getting first
class?
Solution:
In class A, 20 students passed in first class out of 25
students.
∴ Fraction of students getting first class

In class B, 24 students passed in first class out of 30

students.
∴ Fraction of students getting first class

Comparing the two fractions, we get 45 = 45

Hence, both the class A and B have the same fractions.

30)Write these fractions appropriately as additions or

subtractions.

Solution:
(a) The given figure represents the addition of

Thus the given diagrams can be represented as

(b) The given figure represents the difference between 1

and 35.

Thus, the given diagrams can be represented as

(c) The given figure represents addition of 26 and 36.

Thus, the given diagrams can be represented as

31)Solve:
Solution:

32)Javed was given 5/7of a basket of oranges. What

fraction of oranges was left in the basket?

Solution:
Fraction of basket of oranges =5/7
Fraction of basket as a whole can be taken as 1.
Fraction of basket of oranges left

Thus, the required fraction =2/7.

33) Solve

Solution:
34)Naina was given 11/2piece of cake and Najma was given

11/3piece of cake. Find the total amount of cake was given

to both of them.
Solution:
Piece of cake given to Naina = 11/1 2
Piece of cake given to Najma = 11/1 3
Piece of cake given to Naina and Najma

Hence the total amount of piece given to both = 25/6.

35)Nandini’s house is 9/10 km from her school. She walked

some distance and then took a bus for 1/2km to reach the
school. How far did she walk?
Solution:
Total distance from house to school = 9/10 km.
Distance travelled by Nandini by bus = 1/2 km
∴ Distance travelled by her on foot
Hence, the distance travelled by her on foot = 2/5km.
36)Jaidev takes 21/5minutes to walk across the school
ground. Rahul takes7 /4minutes to do the same. Who takes
less time and by what fraction?
Solution:
Jaidev takes 21/5minutes 5
Rahul takes 7/4minutes
Comparing 21/5minutes and7/4minutes

So, the time take to cover the same distance by Rahul is

less than that of Jaidev.
Hence, Rahul takes 9/20minutes less to across the school
ground.
36)Write each of the following as decimals:
Solution:

37)Write the following decimals as fractions. Reduce the

fractions to lowest form.
(a) 0.6
(b) 2.5
(c) 1.0
(d) 3.8
(e) 13.7
(f) 21.2
(g) 6.4
Solution:
38)Write each of the following as decimals.

Solution:

39)Express as km using decimals.

(a) 8 m
(b) 88 m
(c) 8888 m
(d) 70km 5m
Solution:
39)Nasreen bought 3 m 20 cm cloth for her shirt and 2 m
5 cm cloth for her trouser. Find the total length of cloth
bought by her.
Solution:
Length of cloth bought by Nasreen for her shirt = 3 m 20
cm = 3.20 m
Length of cloth brought by her for her trouser = 2 m 5 cm =
2.05 m
Total length of cloth bought by her = 3.20 m + 2.05 m =
5.25 m
40)Naresh walked 2 km 35 m in the morning and 1 km 7 m
in the evening. How much distance did he walk in all?
Solution:
Distance walked by Naresh in the morning = 2 km 35 m =
(2 +35/1000) km = 2.035 km.
Distance walked by him in the evening = 1 km 7 m = (1
+7/1000) km = 1.007 km 1000)
Total distance walked by him in all
= (2.035 + 1.007) km
= 3.042 km

41)Raju bought a book for 35.65. He gave 50 to the

shopkeeper. How much money did he get back from the
shopkeeper?
Solution:
Cost of book = 35.65
Money paid by him to the shopkeeper = 50
Money got back by him
= 50 - 35.65
= 50.00 - 35.65
= 14.35

42)Tina had 20 m 5 cm long cloth. She cuts 4 m 50 cm

length of cloth from this for making a curtain. How much
cloth is left with her?
Solution:
Length of cloth had by Tina = 20 m 5 cm = 20.05 m
Length of cloth cut by her = 4 m 50 cm
= 4.50 m
Length of cloth left with her = 20.05 m -4.50 m
= 15.55 m

43) Aakash bought vegetables weighing 10 kg. Out of this,

3 kg 500 g is onions, 2 kg 75 g is tomatoes and the rest is
potatoes. What is the weight of the potatoes?
Solution:
Weight of vegetables bought by Aakash = 10 kg
Weight of onions bought by him = 3 kg 500 g
= 3.500 kg
and weight of tomatoes bought by him = 2 kg 75 g = 2.075
kg
∴ Weight of potatoes = Weight of vegetable – (weight of
onions + weight of tomatoes)
= 10.000 – (3.500 + 2.075)
= 10.000 – 5.575 = 4.425 kg
44)A table-top measures 2 m 25 cm by 1 m 50 cm. What
is the perimeter of the table-top?
Solution:
Length of table-top = 2 m 25 cm
Breadth of table-top = 1 m 50 cm
Perimeter of the table top = 2 [length + breadth]
= 2 [2 m 25 cm + 1 m 50 cm]

= 2 x 3 m 75 cm
= 7 m 50 cm
= 7.5 m
45)Find the perimeter of each of the following shapes:
(a) A triangle of sides 3 cm, 4 cm and 5 cm.
(b) An equilateral triangle of side 9 cm.
(c) An isosceles triangle with equal sides 8 cm each and
third side 6 cm.
Solution:
(a) We know that the perimeter of the given triangle = The
sum of all sides of the triangle
Perimeter of the triangle = 3 cm + 4 cm + 5 cm = 12 cm
(b) We know that the perimeter of the given triangle
= Sum of all the sides of the triangle
= (9 + 9 + 9) = 27 cm
(c) Perimeter of the given isosceles triangle
= Sum of all the sides of the triangle
= (8 + 8 + 6) cm = 22 cm
46)Two sides of a triangle are 12 cm and 14 cm. The
perimeter of the triangle is 36 cm. What is its third side?
Solution:
Perimeter of the triangle = 36 cm.
Length of two of its sides are 12 cm and 14 cm.
Length of the third side of the triangle = 36 – (12 + 14) cm
= (36 – 26) cm = 10 cm
47)Find the cost of fencing a rectangular park of length
175 m and breadth 125 m at the rate of rs12 per metre.
Solution:
Length of the rectangular park = 175 m
Breadth of the rectangular park = 125 m
Perimeter of the park = 2 [length + breadth]
= 2[175 m + 125 m]
= 2 x 300 m = 600 m
Rate of fencing = rs12 per metre

Cost of fencing = 12 x 600 = 7200

48)What is the cost of tiling a rectangular plot of land 500

m long and 200 m wide at the rate of 궧 8 per hundred sq
m?
Solution:
Length of the rectangular plot = 500 m
and the breadth = 200 m
Area of the plot = length x breadth = 500 m x 200 m =
100000 sq m
Now rate of tiling the plot = 8 per 100 sq m
Cost of tiling the garden = (8100x 100000 ) = 8000
Hence the required cost = 8000
49)Five square flower beds each of side 1 m are dug on a
piece of land 5 m long and 4 m wide. What is the area of
the remaining part of the land?
Solution:
Side of the square flower bed = 1 m.
鈭 Area of 1 square flower bed = 1m x 1m = 1sqm.
鈭 Area of 5 square flower beds = 1 sq m x 5 = 5 sq m.
Now length of the land = 5 m
and its breadth = 4 m
Area of the land = length x breadth =5m x 4m = 20 sq m
Area of the remaining part of the land = 20 sq m - 5 sq m
= 15 sq m.
50)The teacher distributes 5 pencils per student. Can you
tell how many pencils are needed, given the number of
students? (Use s for the number of students.)
Solution:
Number of students = s
Number of pencils distributed per students = 5
Number of pencils required
For n = 1 is 5 x s
For n = 2 is 5 x s
For n = 3 is 5 x s
Rule is 5s where s represents the number of students.
51)Leela is Radha’s younger sister. Leela is 4 years
younger than Radha. Can you write Leela’s age in terms of
Radha’s age? Take Radha’s age to be x years.
Solution:
Radha’s age = x yeas.
Given that Leela’s age
= Radha’s age – 4 years
= x years – 4 years
= (x – 4) years

52) Oranges are to be transferred from larger boxes into

smaller boxes. When a large box is emptied, the oranges
from it fill two smaller boxes and still 10 oranges remain
outside. If the number of oranges in a small box are taken
to be x, What is the number of oranges in the larger box?
Solution:
Given that, the number of oranges in smaller box = x
Number of oranges in bigger box = 2(number of oranges
in small box) + (Number of oranges remain outside)
So, the number of oranges in bigger box = 2x + 10
53) Look at the following matchstick pattern of square.
The squares are not separate. Two neighbouring squares
have a common matchstick. Observe the patterns and find
the rule that gives the number of matchsticks in terms of
the number of squares.
(Hint: If you remove the vertical stick at the end, you will
get a pattern of Cs)

Solution:
(a) Let n be the number of squares.
Number of matchsticks required
For n = 1 is 3 x n + l = 3n + 1 = 4
For n = 2is 3 x n + l = 3n + 1 = 7
For n = 3is 3 x n + l = 3n + 1 = 10
For n = 4is 3 x n + l = 3n + 1 = 13
Rule is 3n + 1 where n represents the number of squares.

54)The side of a regular hexagon (See figure) is denoted

by l. Express the perimeter of the hexagon using l.
(Hint: A regular hexagon has all its six sides equal in
length)
Solution:
Given that each side of a hexagon = l
댋 Perimeter of the regular hexagon = l + l + l + l + l + l
= 6 x l = 6 l units
55) A cube is a three-dimensional figure as shown in (see
figure). It has six faces and all of them are identical
squares. The length of an edge of the cube is given by l.
Find the formula for the total length of the edges of a
cube.

Solution:
We know that a cube has 12 edges and 6 identical faces.
Since all edges are of equal length.
댋 Total length of the edges = 12 x l = 12 l units
댋 Required formula = 12 l units
57) Answer the following:
(a) Take Sarita’s present age to bey years.
(i) What will be her age 5 years from now?
(ii) What was her age 3 years back?
(iii) Sarita’s grandfather is 6 times her age. What is the age
of her grandfather?
(iv) Grandmother is 2 years younger than grandfather.
What is grandmother’s age?
(v) Sarita’s father’s age is 5 years more than 3 times
Sarita’s age. What is her father’s age?
Solution:
(a) Sarita’s age is given y years.
(i) After 5 years from now, her age will be (y + 5) years.
(ii) 3 years back from now, she was (y – 3) years of age.
(iii) Age of her grandfather = 6y years.
(iv) Age of her grandmother = (6y – 2) years.
(v) Sarita’s father’s age = (3y + 5) years.
58) a) Given Mannu’s age to be x years, Can you guess
what (x – 2) may show?
(Hint: Think of Mannu’s younger brother) can you guess
what (x + 4) may now? What (3x + 7) may show?
(a) Given that Mannu’s age = x years.
∴ (x -2) years may be the age of her younger brother or
younger sister.
(x + 4) years show the age of her elder brother or elder
sister.
(3x + 7) years may be the age of her father, mother or
uncle.
59)Pick out the solution from the values given in the
brackets next to each equation. Show that the other
values do not satisfy the equation.
(c) p – 5 = 5 (0, 10, 5, -5)
(c) p 鈥 5 = 5 (0, 10, 5, -5)
For p = 0, LHS = 0 鈥 5 = -5, RHS = 5
Here, LHS 鈮 RHS
鈭 p = 0 is not the solution of the equation
For p = 10, LHS = 10 鈥 5 = 5, RHS = 5
Here, LHS = RHS
鈭 p = 10 is the solution of the equation
For p = 5, LHS = 5-5-0, RHS = 5
Here LHS 鈮 RHS
鈭 p = 5 is not the solution of the equation
For p = 5, LHS = 5 鈥 5 = 0, RHS = 5
Here, LHS 鈮 RHS
鈭 p = -5 is not the solution of the equation

(f) x + 4 = 2 (-2, 0, 2, 4)
For x = -2, LHS = -2 + 4 = 2, RHS = 2
Here, LHS 鈥 RHS
鈭 x = -2 is the solution of the equation
For x = 0, LHS = 0 + 4 鈥 4, RHS = 2
Here, LHS 鈮 RHS
鈭 x = 0 is not the solution of the equation
For x = 鈥 2, LHS = -2 + 4 鈥 6, RHS = 2
Here, LHS 鈮 RHS
鈭 x = 2 is not the solution of the equation
For r = 4, LHS = 4 + 4 = 8, RHS = 2
Here, LHS 鈮 RHS
鈭 x = 4 is not the solution of the equation
60)a) Complete the table and by inspection of the table
find the solution to the equation m + 10 =16

Solution:
(a) By inspections, we have

So, m – 6 is the solution of the equation

61)Solve the following riddles, you may yourself construct

such riddles. Who am I?
(i) Go round a square
Counting every corner
Thrice and no more!
Add the count to me
To get exactly thirty four!
Solution:
(i) According to the condition,
I + 12 = 34 or x + 12 = 34
댋 By inspection, we have
22 + 12 = 34
So, I am 22.
61)Out of 30 students in a class, 6 like football, 12 like
cricket and remaining like tennis. Find the ratio of
(a) Number of students liking football to the number of
students liking tennis.
(b) Number of students liking cricket to total number of
students.
Solution:
Number of students in the class = 30
Number of students liking football = 6
Number of students liking cricket = 12
Number of students liking tennis = 30 – (6 + 12) = 30 – 18
= 12
(a) Ratio of the number of the students liking football to
the number of students liking tennis

Thus, the required ratio is 1 : 2.

(b) Ratio of the number of students liking cricket to the
total number of students

Thus, the required ratio is 2 : 5.

62) Fill in the following blanks:

[Are these equivalent ratios?]

Solution:
Now the fractions, we have

63) Find the ratio of the following:

(a) 81 to 108
(b) 98 to 63
Solution:
64)Find the ratio of the following:
(a) 30 minutes to 1.5 hours
(b) 40 cm to 1.5 m
Solution:
(a) 1 hour = 60 minutes
댋 1.5 hours = 60 x 1.5 minutes = 90 minutes
댋 Ratio of 30 minutes to 1.5 hours = Ratio of 30 minutes
to 90 minutes

(b) 1 m = 100 cm
댋 1.5 m = 1.5 x 100 cm = 150 cm.
댋 Ratio of 40 cm to 1.5 m = Ratio of 40 cm to 150 cm.

65)In a college, out of 4320 students, 2300 are girls, find

the ratio of
(邪) Number of girls to the total number of students.
(b) Number of boys to the number of girls.
(c) Number of boys to the total number of students.
Solution:
Total number of students = 4320
Number of girls = 2300
鈭 Number of boys = 4320 鈥 2300 = 2020

(a) Ratio of number of girls to the total number of students

(b) Ratio of number of boys to the number of girls

(c) Ratio of number of boys to the total number of

students
66)Mother wants to divide 궧 36 between her daughters
Shreya and Bhoomika in the ratio of their ages. If age of
Shreya is 15 years and age of Bhoomika is 12 years, find
how much Shreya and Bhoomika will get?
Solution:
Given that:
Money got by Shreya : Money got by Bhoomika = 15 : 12
댋 Sum = 15 + 12 = 27

67)Determine if the following are in proportion,

(a) 15, 45, 40, 120
(b) 33, 121, 9, 96
(c) 24, 28, 36, 48
(d) 32, 48, 70, 210
(e) 4, 6, 8, 12
(f) 33, 44, 75, 100
Solution:

鈭 15 : 45 :: 40 : 120
鈭 15, 45, 40 and 120 are in proportion.
鈭 33, 121, 9 and 96 are in proportion.

鈭 24, 28, 36 and 48 are not in proportion.

Since 聽 23 聽鈮聽 13
鈭 32, 48, 70 and 210 are not in proportion. 4

鈭 4 : 6 :: 8 : 12
鈭 4, 6, 8 and 12 are in proportion.
鈭 33 : 44 : : 75 : 100
鈭 33, 44, 75 and 100 are in proportion.

68)Are the following statements true?

(a) 40 persons : 200 persons = 궧 15 : 궧 75
(e) 45 km : 60 km = 12 hours : 15 hours

Solution:
(a) 40 persons : 200 persons

댋 Statement (a) is true.

댋 Statement (e) is not true

69)Determine if the following ratios form a proportion.
Also, write the middle terms and extreme terms where the
ratios form a proportion.
(a) 25 cm : 1 m and 궧 40 : 궧 160
(c) 2 kg : 80 kg and 25 g : 625 g
Solution:
(a) 25 cm : 1 m = 25 cm : 100 cm [댌 1 m = 100 cm]

댋 The given ratios are in proportion.

Extreme terms are 25 cm and 궧 160.
Middle terms are 1 m and 궧 40.

댋 The given ratios are not in proportion

70) Ekta earns 鈧 1500 in 10 days. How much she will
earn in 30 days?
Solution:
In 10 days Ekta earn 鈧 1500
In 1 days Ekta will earn 鈧聽 150010
In 30 days Ekta will earn 鈧 150010 聽 x 30 = 鈧 4500
Thus the money earned by Ekta in 30 days = 鈧 4500.
71)Cost of 5 kg of wheat is 鈧 30.50.
(a) What will be the cost of 8 kg of wheat?
(b) What quantity of wheat can be purchased in 鈧 61?
Solution:
(a) Cost of 5 kg of wheat = 鈧 30.50
Cost of 1 kg of wheat = 鈧聽 30.505
Cost of 8 kg of wheat = 鈧(聽 30.505 聽 x 8)
= 鈧 48.80
Thus, the required cost = 鈧 48.80

72)Cost of 4 dozen bananas is 鈧 60. How many bananas

can be purchased for 鈧 12.50?
Solution:
鈭 1 dozen = 12 units
鈭 4 dozen of bananas = 12 x 4 = 48 bananas
鈧 60 is the cost of 4 dozen = 4 x 12 = 48 bananas
鈧 1 is the cost of =聽 4860 聽 bananas 60.
鈧 12.50 is the cost of =聽 60060bananas
= 10 bananas
Thus the required number of bananas = 10
73)Anish made 42 runs in 6 overs and Anup made 63 runs
in 7 overs. Who made more runs per over?
Solution:
Number of runs made by Anish in 6 overs = 42
Number of runs made by him in 1 over =聽 426 聽= 7 runs.
Number of runs made by Anup in 7 overs = 63
Number of runs made by him in 1 over =聽 637 聽= 9 runs.
鈭 9 runs > 7 runs.
Thus, Anup has made more runs.

74)Find the areas of the following figures by counting

square:
Solution:
(a) Number of full squares = 9
Area of 1 square = 1 sq unit
鈭 Area of 9 squares = 9 x 1 sq unit
= 9 sq units.
So, the area of the portion covered by 9 squares = 9 sq
units

(b) Number of full squares = 5

鈭 Area of the figure = 5 x 1 sq unit = 5 sq units

(c) Number of full squares = 2

Number of half squares = 4
鈭 Area of the covered figure = 2 x 1 + 4 x 聽 12 聽= 2 + 2
= 4 sq units

(d) Number of full squares = 8

鈭 Area of the covered portion of the figure = 8 x 1 sq unit
= 8 sq units.

(e) Number of full squares = 10

Area covered by the figure = 10 x 1 sq unit = 10 sq units.

(f) Number of full squares = 2

Number of half squares = 4
鈭 Area of the covered figure = (2 x 1 + 4 x 聽 12)
= (2 + 2) sq units = 4 sq units.
(g) Number of full squares = 4
Number of half squares = 4
鈭 Area of the covered figure = (4 x 1 + 4 x 聽 12)
= (4 + 2) sq units = 6 sq units.

(h) Number of full squares = 5

鈭 Area of the covered figure = 5 x 1 sq unit = 5 sq units.

(i) Number of full squares = 9

鈭 Area of the covered figure = 9 x 1 sq units
= 9 sq units.

(j) Number of full squares = 2

Number of half squares = 4
鈭 Area of the covered figure =(2 x 1 + 4 x 聽 12) sq units
= (2 + 2) sq units = 4 sq units.
(k) Number of full squares = 4
Number of half squares = 2
鈭 Area of the covered figure = (4 x 1 + 2 x 聽 12)sq units
= (4 + 4)sq units
= 5sq units
(l) Number of full squares = 4
Number of squares more than half = 3
Number of half squares = 2
鈭 Area of the covered figure = (4 x 1 + 3 x 1 + 2 x 聽 12 聽
sq units
= (4 + 3 + 1) sq units = 8 sq units.

(m) Number of full squares = 6

Number of more than half squares = 8
Area of the covered figure = (6 x 1 + 8 x 1) sq units
= (6 + 8) sq units
= 14 sq units.

(n) Number of full squares = 9

Number of more than half squares = 9
鈭 Area of the covered figure
= (9 x 1 + 9 x 1) sq units
= (9 + 9) sq units = 18 sq units.

75) Find the rule which gives the number of matchsticks

required to make the following matchsticks patterns. Use
a variable to write the rule.
(a) A pattern of letter T as T
(b) A pattern of letter Z as Z
(c) A pattern of letter U as U
(d) A pattern of letter V as V
(e) A pattern of letter E as E
(f) A pattern of letter S as S
(g) A pattern of letter A as A

Solution:

Number of matchstieks required to make the pattern of T

For n = 1 is 2 x n
For n = 2 is 2 x n
For n = 3 is x n
댋 Rule is 2n where n is number of Ts.

Number of matchstieks required to make the pattern of Z.

For n = 1 is 3 x n
For n = 2 is 3 x n
For n = 3 is 3 x n
댋 Rule is 3n where n is number of Zs.

Number of matchstieks required to make the pattern U.

For n = 1 is 3 x n
For n = 2 is 3 x n
For n = 3 is 3 x n
For n = 4 is 3 x n
댋 Rule is 3n where n is number of Us.

Number of matchstieks required

For n = 1 is 2 x n
For n = 2 is 2 x n
For n = 3 is 2 x n
For n = 4 is 2 x n
댋 Rule is 2n where n is number of Vs.

Number of matchstieks required

For n = 1 is 5 x n
For n = 2 is 5 x n
For n = 3 is 5 x n
댋 Rule is 5n where n is number of Es.

Number of matchstieks required

For n = 1 is 5 x n
For n = 2 is 5 x n
For n = 3 is 5 x n
댋 Rule is 5n where n is number of Ss.

Number of matchstieks required

For n = 1 is 6 x n
For n = 2 is 6 x n
For n = 3 is 6 x n
댋 Rule is 6n where n is number of As.