Project Objective:

General objective

The goal of the project is to design of a wheelchair capable of street movement as well as indoors
movement and expand upon the previous smart chair technology and autonomous navigation to
develop the next iteration of the smart chair platform in our county.

Specific objective

 Designing and building a Smart Wheelchair System that is controlled by the use of voice and
Bluetooth module.
 Providing independent, productive and enjoyable living for physically challenged people by
the use of voice.
 Enhancing an ordinary powered wheelchair using sensor to perceive the wheelchair
surroundings, a speech interface to interpret commands.
 Implementing of ultrasonic sensor which is used to sense the obstacle coming in front of and
back of wheelchair.
 Minimizing the daily workload through automatically by doing their movement without
interface of other person.

Literature review:

A wheelchair is a chair with wheels, used when walking is difficult or impossible due

to illness, injury, problems related to old age, or disability. These can include spinal cord injuries
(paraplegia, hemiplegia, and quadriplegia), cerebral palsy, brain injury, ontogenesis, motor
neurone disease, multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, spine, and more. JSTOR (January
2020). The earliest records of wheeled furniture are an inscription found on a stone slate in
China and a child's bed depicted in a frieze on a Greek vase, both dating between the 6th and
5th century BCE Joseph Flaherty (24 May 2012). "Putting the 'Wheel!' Back in 'Wheelchair'". Wired.
Retrieved 25 May 2012.

In 1655, Stephan a 22-year-old paraplegic watchmaker, built the world's first self-propelling chair

on a three-wheel chassis using a system of cranks and cogwheels Koerth-Baker, Maggie. "Who
Invented the Wheelchair?". mentalfloss.com. Retrieved April 14, 2017.

In 1887, wheelchairs ("rolling chairs") were introduced to Atlantic City so invalid tourists could
rent them to enjoy the Boardwalk. Soon, many healthy tourists also rented the decorated "rolling
chairs" and servants to push them as a show of decadence and treatment they could never
experience at home. Johnson, Nelson (2012-02-01).

A self-propelled manual wheelchair incorporates a frame, seat, one or two footplates (footrests)
and four wheels: usually two caster wheels at the front and two large wheels at the back. There
will generally also be a separate seat cushion. The larger rear wheels usually have push-rims of
slightly smaller diameter projecting just beyond the tyre; these allow the user to manoeuvre the
chair by pushing on them without requiring them to grasp the tyres. Manual wheelchairs
generally have brakes that bear on the tyres of the rear wheels, however these are solely a
parking brake and in-motion braking is provided by the user's palms bearing directly on the push-
rims. As this causes friction and heat build-up, particularly on long downslopes, many wheelchair
users will choose to wear padded wheelchair gloves. Manual wheelchairs often have two push
handles at the upper rear of the frame to allow for manual propulsion by a second person,
however many active wheelchair users will remove these to prevent unwanted pushing from
people who believe they are being helpful.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheelchair#cite_note-
Bellis-6”.

An electric-powered wheelchair, commonly called a "power chair" is a wheelchair which

additionally incorporates batteries and electric motors into the frame and that is controlled by
either the user or an attendant, most commonly via a small joystick mounted on the armrest, or
on the upper rear of the frame. Alternatives exist for the traditional manual joystick, including
head switches, chin-operated joysticks, sip-and-puff controllers or other specialist controls, which
may allow independent operation of the wheelchair for a wider population of users with varying
motor impairments. Ranges of over 10 miles/15 km are commonly available from standard
batteries. Livingstone, Roslyn; Field, Debra (24 April 2014).

When we go to our smart wheelchair, it is any power chair which is used for disable person with
a control system to augment or replace user control. Its purpose is to reduce or eliminate the
user's task of driving a power chair. This smart wheelchair has a suite of sensors 
This new smart chair platform for improved performance is designed and assembled. Autonomous
software, programmed is integrated with new control circuitry, sensor array and high-performance
computing (HPC) cluster for improved functionality. A power distribution system is designed and
assembled to power the smart chair electronics.