Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Regional Office IX, Zamboanga Peninsula

10 Zest for Progress

Z Peal of artnership

Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 5:
Secants, Tangents, Segments and Sectors
of a Circle

Name of Learner: ___________________________

Grade & Section: ___________________________
Name of School: ___________________________
Math Module – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 5: Secants, Tangents, Segments and Sectors of a Circle

First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: BEVERLY C. BUOT
Editors: ELMA MARIE L. RESO-OR
RIZALDO E. CALUNSAG
Management Team: SDS: Ma. Liza R. Tabilon, Ed.D, CESO V
ASDS: Dr. Ma. Judelyn J. Ramos
ASDS: Dr. Armando P. Gumapon
ASDS: Dr. Judith V. Romaguera
CID CHIEF: Lilia E. Abello, Ed.D
EPS-LRMS: Evelyn C. Labad
EPS-MATH: Ismael K. Yusoph
PSDS: MA. THERESA M. IMPERIAL

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written for you to answer the activity
you’ve missed while you are away from school. This module will discuss
in detail the characteristic of secant, tangent, segment and sector of a
circle. The scope of this module can be used in many different learning
situations. Throughout this module, you will be provided with varied
activities to process your knowledge and skills acquired, deepen and
transfer your understanding of secants, tangents, segments and sectors
of a circle. Activities are arranged accordingly to correspond with your
learning needs.

At the end of this module, you should be able to

Illustrating secants, tangents, segments and sectors of a circle, and

Proving Theorems on Tangents and Secants. (M10GE-IIe-1)

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Illustrate secants, tangents, sector and segment of a circle;

2. Prove theorems on secants and tangents.

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 What’s In
Activity 1: KNOW MY TERMS AND CONDITIONS

Use the figure below to identify and name the following terms related to
ʘ A. Then, answer the questions that follow. Use separate paper.

1. Radius
2. A diameter
3. A chord
4. A semi -circle
5. A minor arc
6. A major arc
7. 2 central angles
8. 2 inscribed angles

Questions:

1. How do you identify and name the radius, diameter, and a chord?
2. How about the semi-circle, minor arc, and major arc?
3. How about the inscribed angles and central angles?

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 What’s New
Juan, a grade 10 student, was tasked to create a problem and solution
about , tangents and secants. He was tasked to observe certain objects that
can help him connect tangents and secants in real life. Given below are images
in which it can help him. Can you help him choose correctly the image for his
task?

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 What is it
The key concepts on secants, tangents, sectors and segment in a
circle.

Terms/ Discussions Figures

Concepts

1. Sector - Sector of a circle is the

of a region bounded by an
circle arc of the circle and
the two radii to the
endpoints of the arc.

- To find the area of a

sector of a circle, get
the product of the ratio
measure of the arc
and
360
the area of the circle

2. Segment - Region of the circle

of a bounded by an arc and
circle the segment joining
endpoints.
- The shaded region in
the figure is a segment
of ʘ T. It is in the region
bounded by 𝑃𝑄 ̂ and 𝑃𝑄.
- To find the shaded
segment in the figure,
subtract the area of the
triangle PTQ from the
area of sector PTQ.

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 3. Tangent Tangent is a line that intersects
Line the circle at exactly one point
called the point of tangency.

4. Secant Secant is a line that intersects a

Line circle at exactly two points and
contains a chord of a circle.

Basic Terms:
Theorem – a general Postulate – suggest or
proposition no self- assume the existence,
evident but proved by a fact, or truth of
chain of reasoning; a (something) as a basis for
truth established by reasoning, discussion, or
means of accepted truths. belief.

Theorem proving – the

formal method of
providing a proof in
symbolic logic

Why do we need to prove theorems?

Geometrical proofs offer the students a clear introduction to logical

arguments. They show the exact relationship between reason and
equations. More so, since geometry deals with all shapes and figures, it
opens the students’ brains to visualize what must be proven.

What is a Two-Column Proof?

A two-column proof is a two-columned table consisting of a list of

statements, and the reasons why those statements are true. The statements are
written in the left column and the reasons are written in the right column.

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How can you make statements in a two-column proof?

To make statements in a two-column proof, you must:

(1) start with the given information. Each problem involving

theorem proving starts with a given information.

(2) You must find a situation in the given problem wherein you
can match to a specific theorem and/or postulate.

(3) In every statement created, you must have a reason. These

reasons should be the theorems, postulates, and/or definition of terms
discussed from the previous topics.

(4) The order of the statements in the proof is not always fixed,
but make sure the order makes logical sense. Always remember, that
if there is no reason for a statement, you can’t use that as a proof.

What’s More

Activity 2: TANGENTS OR SECANTS?

In the figure given below,𝐾𝐿⃡ , ⃡𝐾𝑁 , ⃡𝑀𝑃 and ⃡𝑀𝐿 intersect ʘ Q at some
points. Use the figure to answer the following questions. Write your answer on
a separate sheet of paper.

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 1. Which lines are
tangent to the circle?
Why?
2. Which line are
secant? Why?
3. At what points does
each secant intersect
the circle?
4. How about the
tangent?
5. Which angles are
formed by two secant
lines? Two tangent
lines? A tangent and
a secant
6. What are the external
secant segments?

Activity 3.
Using a two-column proof, show a proof of the following theorems involving
tangents and secants.
Learning the Skill: Proving theorems

1. If a line is perpendicular to a radius of a circle at its endpoint that is

on the circle, then the line is tangent to the circle.

̅̅̅̅ is a radius of ⊙ 𝐶 at D.
Given: 𝑅𝑆
⃡𝑃𝑄 ⊥ ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐷
Prove: ⃡𝑃𝑄 is tangent to ⊙ 𝑆 at R

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 2. If two segments from the from the same exterior point are tangent to
a circle, then the two segments are congruent.

̅̅̅̅̅ and ̅̅̅̅

Given: 𝐸𝑀 𝐸𝐿 are tangent to
⊙ 𝑆 and M and L, respectively

Prove: ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐸𝑀 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐸𝐿

What I Have Learned

Acivity 4: FILLED ME UP

A. Fill in the blank with word/s to make the statement correct. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Sector of a circle is the ___________ bounded by an arc of the

_________ and the two __________ to the endpoints of the arc.
2. To find the area of a sector of a circle, get the product of the ratio
___________ and ________________.
3. __________region bounded by an arc and segment __________
endpoints.
4. To find the segment of a circle subtract ________________ from
_________.
5. __________ is a line that intersects the circle at exactly one point
called the ____________.
6. _________ is a line that intersects a circle at _________ points and
contains a chord of a circle.

B. Fill in the missing statement or proof on the two-column proof given below.

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 What I Can Do

Activity 5: MAKE YOUR OWN & SOLVE

The chain and gears of your bicycle or belt around the two pulleys are some
real-life illustration of tangents and circles (as what was shown in the figure below).
Using these real-life objects, formulate problems involving tangents, then solve.

Assessment
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your
answer in a separate sheet of paper.

1. The line and circle intersect, the point of intersection is called?

A. point of secant B. point of view
C. point of tangency D. point of line

2. Which of the following statement is TRUE?

A. The secant of a circle is its center point.
B. A secant of a circle intersects the circle’s edge at two points.
C. A tangent of a circle intersects the circle’s edge at two points.
D. A secant of a circle intersects the circle’s edge at one point only.
3. In the figure, 𝑀𝑆 is a segment of the circle called____.
A. diameter B. segment
C. tangent D. secant

4. Which of the following illustrates a tangent line?

A. Line that intersects the circle at three points.
B. Line that intersects a circle at only one point.
C. Intersecting line segment joining the center of the two
circle.
D. Line that passes through the center to any point of the circle.
5. Which of the following phrase is TRUE about secant line?
A. never intersects the circle

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 B. intersects the circle at two points
C. the center to any point of the circle
D. intersects the circle at exactly one point

6. Which are the steps to follow in finding the area of the segment of the
circle?
I. Find the area of the circle.
II. Determine the ratio of the circle.
III. Subtract the area of the triangle to the area of the sector.
IV. Identify the given measure of an arc and the radius of the circle.

A. IV, I, II, II B. IV, II, I, III

C. I, II, III, IV D. II, IV, I, III

7. The segment of a circle is the region bounded by an arc and the segment
joining endpoints. In the figure below, which of following is considered the
segment of a circle?

A. segment EC B. segment SC
C. segment ES D. segment AB

8. It is a line segment that goes from one point to another on

the circle’s circumference.

A. chord B. secant
C. diameter D. tangent

9. Which of the following statement is TRUE about sector of a circle?

A. Region bounded by intersecting lines the circle.
B. Region bounded by an arc 180 degrees in measures.
C. Region of the circle bounded by an arc and the segment joining endpoints.
D. Region bounded by an arc of the circle and the two radii to the endpoints
of an arc.
10. It is a region of the circle bounded by an arc and the segment joining
endpoints.
A. Segment of a circle B. Sector in a circle
C.Radius D. Tangent

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References
CALANTA, MELVIN, et al. Mathematics Learner’s Module. First edition.
DepEd-IMCS: Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, 2015

https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/two-column-
proofs.html#:~:text=A%20two%2Dcolumn%20proof%20consists,st
eps%20toward%20solving%20the%20problem.

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ANSWER KEY

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