Data Pengamatan

Laju
Laju Alir t1 t2 T1 T2
Perc. Skala aliravg
(ml/s) (°C) (°C) (°C) (°C)
(ml/s)
138.39
123.8
121.67
96.15
124.38 125.04
1 300 38.8 39 46 39.8
128.32 6

133.74
127.90
126.24
129.87
164.53
175.85
162.84
162.45
166.53 167.26
2 400 36 37 47 39.3
167.37 8

165.95
171.61
170.30
165.25

Laju Alir t1 t2
Perc Skala T1(°F) T2(°F)
(lb/hr) (°F) (°F)
1 733.745 101.84 102.2 114.8 103.64
2 981.5 96.8 98.6 116.6 102.74
Perhitungan
Penentuan Data Fisis
Panjang Pipa = 6 m = 19.6848 ft
Data Pipa

Pipe size OD,in ID, in

1 inch 1.32 1.049
½ inch 0.840 0.622
Menghitung Tavg dan tavg
114.8+103.64
T avg= =109.22℉
2
101.84+102.2
t avg= =102.02 ℉
2

Data Cp dari Fig.2, yaitu

Cp (Tavg) = 1.009 BTU/lb °F
Cp (tavg) = 1.002 BTU/lb °F

Data Viscositas (Fig.14), yaitu

µ (Tavg) = 0.65 cP
µ (tavg) = 0.7 cP

Data Thermal Conductivities of liquid (k = BTU/hr ft2 (°F/ft))

k (Tavg) = 0.36971 BTU/hr ft2 (°F/ft)
k (tavg) = 0.36611BTU/hr ft2 (°F/ft)

Heat Balance:
114.8+103.64
T avg= =109.22℉
2
lb BTU BTU
(
Q= 733.745
hr )
× 1.009
lb ℉
( 114.8−103.64 ) ℉=8262.3
lb
101.84+102.2
t avg= =102.02 ℉
2
8262.3 BTU /lb
W= =22905.023lb/hr
BTU
1.002 ℉ ×(102.2−101.84)℉
lb

LMTD

Hot Fluid Cold Fluid Diff.

114.8 Higher Temp 102.2 12.6
 103.64 Lower Temp 101.84 1.8
Δt2-1 = 10.8
Δt 2−1 10.8 ℉
LMTD= = =5.556 ℉
Δt 2 12.6
2.3 log
( )
Δt 1
2.3 log
1.8 ( )
Cold Fluid, Annulus:
 Flow Area
D2 = ID annulus = 1.049 in = 0.0874 ft
D1 = OD inner pipe = 0.840 in = 0.07 ft
D 22−D 21 0.0874 2−0.072
Aa = π =π =2.15 ×10 ft 2
−3

4 4
De = ¿ ¿) / D1 = (0.0874 −0.072 ¿/0.07=0.039 ft
2

 Mass Vel
lb
Ga = W/Aa = 22905.023 ÷ 2.15× 10−3 ft 2
hr
Ga = 10653499.07 (lb)(ft2)/(hr)
 Nre
Pada 102.02 °F, µ = 0.7 cP
= 0.7 × 2.42 = 1.694 lb/(ft)(hr)
D e G a 0.039× 10653499.07
Nre = = =245269.4591
μ 1.694

 JH
Dari Fig.24 diperoleh jH = 500
 Pada 102.02 °F, Cp = 1.002 BTU/(lb) (°F)
k = 0.36611 BTU/hr ft2 (°F/ft)
1
1 1.002× 1.694 3¿ =1.667¿
Cp μ 3¿ ¿( 0.36611
) ¿
( )
k

k Cp μ 13 μ 0.14
 h o= j H
De k ( ) ( )
μw
0.36611
.h o=500 × × 1.667× 1.0
0.039
BTU
.h o=7824.43
(hr ) ( ft )2 (℉)

Hot Fluid, Inner Pipe

 Flow Area,
D = 0.622 in = 0.05183 ft
 D 2❑ 0.051832
Ap = π =π =2.1087 ×10 ft 2
−3
4 4

 Mass Vel
lb
Gp = w/Ap = 733.745 ÷ 2.1087× 10−3 ft 2
hr
Gp = 347960.8289 (lb)(ft2)/(hr)

 Pada suhu 109.22 °F, µ = 0.65 cP

= 0.65 × 2.42 = 1.573 (lb)/(ft)(hr)
D e G a 0.05183× 347960.8289
Nre = = =11465.23
μ 1.573

 JH
Dari Fig.24 diperoleh jH = 325
 Pada 109.22 °F, Cp = 1.009 BTU/(lb) (°F)
k = 0.36971 BTU/hr ft2 (°F/ft)
1
1 1.009× 1.573 3 =1.625¿

Cp μ 3¿ ¿( 0.36971 ) ¿ ¿

( )
k
k Cp μ 13 μ 0.14
 hi = j H
De k ( ) ( )
μw
0.36971
.hi =325× ×1.625 ×1.0
0.05183
BTU
.hi =3767.18
(hr) ( ft )2 (℉ )
ID
 hio =3767.18 ×
OD
0.622
.hio =3767.18 × =2789.5
0.84

Clean Overall Coefficient, Uc:

hio ho 2789.5 ×7824.43 BTU
.U c = = =2056.37
hio +h o 2789.5+7824.43 (hr ) ( ft )2 (℉ )

Design Overall Coefficient, UD:

1 1
. = + Rd
UD U c
1 1
. = +0.0025
U D 2056.37
BTU
UD = 334.86
(hr ) ( ft )2 (℉ )
Required Surface:
 Q=U D A LMTD
Q
 A=
U D LMTD
8262.3
 A= =4.44 ( ft )2
334.86 ×5.556
Dari table 11 untuk ½ in. IPS standar pipe adalah 0.22 ft2/ft.
4.44
 Required Length= =20.18lin ft
0.22
Q 8262.3 BTU
 U D= = =343.388
A LMTD ( 19.6848× 0.22 ) 5.556 (hr ) ( ft )2 (℉ )
2
U C −U D 2056.37−343.388 −3 ( hr) ( ft ) (℉ )
 Rd = = =2.426 ×10
U C U D 2056.37 ×343.388 BTU

Penentuan Data Fisis

Panjang Pipa = 6 m = 19.6848 ft
Data Pipa

Pipe size OD,in ID, in

1 inch 1.32 1.049
½ inch 0.840 0.622
Menghitung Tavg dan tavg
116.6+113.54
T avg= =115.07 ℉
2
98.6+ 96.8
t avg= =97.7 ℉
2

Data Cp dari Fig.2, yaitu

Cp (Tavg) = 1.01 BTU/lb °F
Cp (tavg) = 1.001 BTU/lb °F

Data Viscositas (Fig.14), yaitu

µ (Tavg) = 0.62 cP
µ (tavg) = 0.7 cP

Data Thermal Conductivities of liquid (k = BTU/hr ft2 (°F/ft))

k (Tavg) = 0.36971
k (tavg) = 0.36611