SDL Drug Study

VISION Republic of the Philippines MISSION
A premier university in historic Cavite State University shall provide excellent,

Cavite recognized for CAVITE STATE UNIVERSITY equitable and relevant educational opportunities
excellence in the development Don Severino Delas Alas Campus in the arts, science and technology through
of morally upright and globally quality instruction and relevant research and
competitive individuals. Indang, Cavite development activities. It shall produce
professional, skilled and morally upright
individuals for global competitiveness.
COLLEGE OF NURSING
DRUG NAME & MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATIONS EFFECTS NURSING

CLASSIFICATION RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: amlodipine Inhibits transmembrane influx Indicated for hypertension, Amlodipine tablets are Side Effects:
Trade Name: Novasc of extracellular calcium ions to lower blood pressure contraindicated in patients  swelling of your legs or ankles  Assess BP (sitting, lying,
across membranes of with:  tiredness or extreme standing) and pulse
Drug Classification: myocardial cells and vascular Lowering blood pressure sleepiness periodically during therapy.
Calcium Channel smooth muscle cells without reduces the risk of fatal and hypersensitivity to  stomach pain  Emphasize the importance
Blockers; Antianginal changing serum calcium nonfatal cardiovascular dihydropyridines, amlodipine  nausea of continuing to take as
Agents concentrations; this inhibits events, primarily strokes or any of the excipients listed  dizziness directed, even if feeling well.
cardiac and vascular smooth and myocardial infarctions in section 6.1.  hot or warm feeling in your  Caution patient to avoid salt
Available Forms: muscle contraction, thereby severe hypotension. face (flushing) substitutes containing
tablet dilating main coronary and shock (including cardiogenic potassium or foods
 irregular heart rate
2.5mg (Norvasc, generic) systemic arteries shock). containing high levels of
(arrhythmia)
5mg (Norvasc, generic) obstruction of the outflow tract potassium or sodium unless
 very fast heart rate
10mg (Norvasc, generic) Increases myocardial oxygen of the left ventricle (e.g., high directed by health care
(palpitations)
delivery in patients with grade aortic stenosis). professional
oral suspension vasospastic angina  abnormal muscle movements
haemodynamically unstable  tremors  Instruct patient and family on
1mg/mL (Katerzia) heart failure after acute proper technique for
myocardial infarction. Adverse Effects: monitoring BP. Advise them
Dosage and Frequency: to check BP at least weekly
Hypertension  CNS: headache, dizziness,
and to report significant
5 mg/day PO initially; may fatigue
changes.
be increased by 2.5  May cause dizziness.
mg/day every 7-14 days;  CV: peripheral edema, angina,
Caution patient to avoid
not to exceed 10 mg/day bradycardia, hypotension,
driving and other activities
maintenance: 5-10 mg/day palpitations
requiring alertness until
response to medication is
Route of Administration:  GI: gingival hyperplasia,
known.
Oral Administration nausea
 Advise women of
Take with or without food childbearing age to use
 Derm: flushing
contraception and notify
Suspension: Shake well health care professional
before using immediately if pregnancy is
planned or suspected, or if
breastfeeding.
Prepared by: Trisha Mae B. Pascual | BSN 2-3

COLLEGE OF NURSING
Generic Name: Increases osmotic gradient in Indicated to prevent ● Hypermagnesemia Side Effects:
magnesium sulfate small intestine, which draws seizures associated with ● Heart block  heart disturbances,  Advise mother not to breast
water into intestines and pre-eclampsia, and for ● Myocardial damage  breathing difficulties, feed while receiving MgSO4.
Trade Name: Epsom Salts causes distention. These control of seizures with ● Active labor or within 2 hours  poor reflexes,  Check serum magnesium
effects stimulate peristalsis eclampsia of delivery  confusion, level prior to administration.
Drug Classification: and bowel evacuation. In  weakness,  Cardiac monitor should be
Pharmacologic class: antacid action, reacts with  flushing (warmth, redness, or used on patients receiving
Mineral hydrochloric acid in stomach tingly feeling), MgSO4 intravenously.
to form water and increase  Have injectable form of
 sweating,
Therapeutic class: gastric pH. In anticonvulsant calcium gluconate available
 lowered blood pressure,
Electrolyte replacement, action, depresses CNS and to reverse paralyzing effects
laxative, antacid, blocks transmission of  feeling like you might pass out,
 anxiety, of magnesium sulfate.
anticonvulsant peripheral neuromuscular  Assess patellar reflexes
impulses  cold feeling,
hourly to monitor for
Pregnancy risk category A  extreme drowsiness,
evidence of toxicity.
 muscle tightness or
 Monitor hourly urine output.
Available Forms: contraction, or
 Blood pressure may drop if
injectable solution  headache.
MgSO4 is administered too
40mg/mL
rapidly.
80mg/mL Adverse Effects
 CNS (with I.V. use): confusion,  Check blood pressure and
50%
 decreased reflexes, dizziness, pulse every 10-15 minutes
syncope, sedation, hypothermia, during therapy.
infusion solution
1g/100mL paralysis
 CV (with I.V. use): hypotension,
arrhythmias, circulatory collapse
Dosage and Frequency:  GI: nausea, vomiting, cramps,
4-5 g (diluted in 250 mL
flatulence, anorexia
NS/D5W) IV in combination
 Metabolic: hypermagnesemia,
with either (a) up to 10 g (20
hypocalcemia
mL of undiluted 50% solution)
divided and administered IM  Musculoskeletal (with I.V. use):
into each buttock or (b) after muscle weakness, flaccidity
initial IV dose, 1-2 g/hr IV;  Respiratory: respiratory paralysis
may administer q4hr as  Skin: diaphoresis
necessary  Other: allergic reaction, injection
site reaction, laxative dependence
Route of Administration: (with repeated or prolonged use)
IV

COLLEGE OF NURSING
Generic Name: Blocks stimulation of beta1- indicated for treatment of ● Hypersensitivity to drug Side Effects:
labetalol hydrochloride and beta2- adrenergic arterial hypertension which ● Bronchospastic disease fatigue,  Inform the mother
receptor sites and alpha1- ranges from acute ● Overt heart failure, dizziness, thatpostural hypotension is
Trade Name: Trandate adrenergic receptors, hypertensive crises cardiogenic nausea, most likely to occur during
decreasing myocardial (urgent/emergency) to shock headache, peak plasma levels (i.e., 2–4
Drug Classification: contractile force and stable chronic ● Second- or third-degree diarrhea, h after drug administration).
Pharmacologic class: enhancing coronary artery hypertension. Labetalol in atrioventricular block edema (fluid accumulation)  Advise to make all position
Beta-adrenergic blood flow and myocardial clinical practice has several ● Severe bradycardia changes slowly and in
shortness of breath.
blocker (nonselective), perfusion. Net effect is common off-label uses that ● Conditions associated with stages, particularly from
alpha-adrenergic decreased heart rate and include acute hypertension severe lying to upright position.
Adverse Effects
blocker (selective) blood pressure. in pregnancy and and prolonged hypotension Older adult patients are
Swelling of the lower legs and
hypertension associated especially sensitive to
feet
Therapeutic class: with acute ischemic stroke, hypotensive effects.
Antihypertensive and intracranial Sudden weight change
 Advise mother not drive or
hemorrhage including Shortness of breath or
engage in other potentially
Pregnancy risk category C subarachnoid hemorrhage. wheezing
hazardous activities until
Today, labetalol is usually Chest pain
response to drug is known..
Available Forms: reserved for the acute Severe slow heart rate
 Encourage patient to keep
Injection: 5 mg/ml management of follow-up appointments. Get
Tablets: 100 mg, 200 mg, hypertensive crises. liver and kidney function
300 mg tests periodically during
therapy.
Dosage and Frequency:  Discontinue drug gradually
100 mg twice daily, and the
over 1–2 wk period after
dose can be increased by
100 mg twice daily every 2-3 chronic administration. Close
days based on the response monitoring during this time is
of the blood pressure. Usual very important.
maintenance doses are 200-  Inform the mother not to
400 mg twice daily. Patients breast feed while taking this
with severely high blood drug without consulting
pressure may require 1.2 to physician.
2.4 g daily.
Route of Administration:
Oral
Intravenous

COLLEGE OF NURSING
Generic Name: Relaxes vascular smooth Indicated for patient with  Hypersensitivity to drug or Side Effects:
hydralazine hydrochloride muscles of oderate to severe tartrazine  joint pain and stiffness  Emphasize the importance
arteries and arterioles, hypertension (with a  Coronary artery disease  a rash on your face of continuing to take this
Trade Name: Apresoline causing peripheral diuretic).  Mitral valvular rheumatic  fever medication, even if feeling
vasodilation and decreasing heart  tiredness well..
Drug Classification: peripheral vascular  disease  loss of appetite  Encourage patient to comply
Pharmacologic class: resistance. These  nausea with additional interventions
Peripheral vasodilator actions decrease blood for hypertension (weight
 weight loss
pressure and reduction, low-sodium diet,
 chest pain
Therapeutic class: increase heart rate, stroke smoking cessation,
Antihypertensive volume, and moderation of alcohol intake,
Adverse Effects
cardiac output. regular exercise, and stress
Pregnancy risk category C  CNS: dizziness, drowsiness,
management).
headache,
 Patients should weigh
Available Forms:  peripheral neuritis
themselves twice weekly and
Injection: 20 mg/ml  CV: tachycardia, angina,
assess feet and ankles for
Tablets: 10 mg, 25 mg, 50 orthostatic
fluid retention.
mg, 100 mg  hypotension, arrhythmias
 Caution patient to avoid
 EENT: lacrimation, nasal sudden changes in position
Dosage and Frequency: congestion to minimize orthostatic
5-10 mg IV/IM initially,  GI: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hypotension.
THEN 5-10 mg q20-30min constipation, anorexia  Advise patient to notify
PRN, OR  Metabolic: sodium retention health care professional if
0.5-10 mg/hr IV infusion  588 hydralazine hydrochloride pregnancy is planned or
 Canada UK Hazardous drug suspected or if breast
Route of Administration: High-alert drug feeding.
Oral  Musculoskeletal: joint pain,  Emphasize the importance
Intravenous arthritis of follow-up exams to
Intramuscular  Skin: rash, blisters, flushing, evaluate effectiveness of
pruritus, medication.
 urticaria
 Other: chills, fever,
lymphadenopathy,
 edema, lupuslike syndrome

COLLEGE OF NURSING
Generic Name: inhibits the transmembrane Indicated for patient with  Hypersensitivity to drug or Side Effects:
nicardipine hydrochloride influx of calcium ions into oderate to severe tartrazine  headache  Tell patient he may take
cardiac muscle and smooth hypertension (with a  Coronary artery disease  upset stomach immediaterelease capsules
Trade Name: Cardene muscle without changing diuretic).  Mitral valvular rheumatic  dizziness or lightheadedness without regard to meals. If GI
serum calcium heart  excessive tiredness upset occurs, advise him to
Drug Classification: concentrations. The  disease  flushing take them with food, but not
Pharmacologic class: contractile processes of  numbness with grapefruit or grapefruit
Calcium channel Blocker cardiac muscle and vascular juice.
 fast heartbeat
smooth muscle are  Tell patient not to open,
 muscle cramps
Therapeutic class: dependent upon the crush, break, or chew
Antianginal, movement of extracellular  constipation
sustained-release capsules.
antihypertensive calcium ions into these cells  heartburn
 Instruct him to take them
through specific ion channels.  increased sweating
with meals, but not with high-
Pregnancy risk category C  dry mouth fat meals, grapefruit, or
The effects of nicardipine are grapefruit juice.
Available Forms: more selective to vascular Adverse Effects
 Tell patient to monitor blood
Capsules: 20 mg, 30 mg smooth muscle than cardiac  CNS: dizziness, headache, pressure and report
Capsules (sustained- muscle. In animal models, asthenia, abnormal findings.
release): 30 mg, nicardipine produced  drowsiness, paresthesia  Advise patient to
45 mg, 60 mg relaxation of coronary  CV: hypotension, peripheral immediately report chest
Injection: 2.5 mg/ml in 10- vascular smooth muscle at edema, pain or blood pressure drop.
ml ampules drug levels which cause little  chest pain, increased angina,  Instruct patient to consult
or no negative inotropic palpitations, tachycardia prescriber before drinking
Dosage and Frequency: effect.  GI: nausea, dyspepsia, dry alcohol or taking herbs or
5-10 mg IV/IM initially, mouth over-the-counter drugs
THEN 5-10 mg q20-30min  Musculoskeletal:myalgia (especially cold remedies).
PRN, OR  Skin: flushing  As appropriate, review all
0.5-10 mg/hr IV infusion
other significant adverse
Route of Administration: reactions and interactions,
Oral especially those related to
Intravenous the drugs, foods, herbs, and
behaviors.

SDL Drug Study

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VISION Republic of the Philippines MISSION

A premier university in historic Cavite State University shall provide excellent,

DRUG NAME & MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATIONS EFFECTS NURSING

Prepared by: Trisha Mae B. Pascual | BSN 2-3

Prepared by: Trisha Mae B. Pascual | BSN 2-3

Prepared by: Trisha Mae B. Pascual | BSN 2-3

Prepared by: Trisha Mae B. Pascual | BSN 2-3

Prepared by: Trisha Mae B. Pascual | BSN 2-3

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