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Vdocuments - MX - dpt1 01 Rig Sizing and Selection
Vdocuments - MX - dpt1 01 Rig Sizing and Selection
DPT1
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2. Hoisting system
6. Power System
7. Group exercise: Select a Rig for a 30000ft well
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The correct procedure for selecting and sizing a drilling rig is as follows:
1) Design the well.
2) Establish the various maximum loads to be expected during drilling
and all other operations to be done with the rig (Testing, Completions)
3) Find rigs available in the area that match the requirements
4) Discuss availability with Rig Contractors.
5) Issue tenders and select rig based on cost, capability and availability
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Rig Sizing
Rig Types:
•Land rig
•Offshore rigs:
–Floating rigs:
»Semisubmersible
»Drillships
–Bottom-supported rigs:
»Jack-up
»Platform
»Barge
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Land Rig
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Jack-up Rigs
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Submersible Rigs/Barges
used
inlandtowaterways
drill wells in
andshallow water depths of up to 20ft in
swamps.
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Semi-submersible Rigs
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Semi-submersible Rigs
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Drillship
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Drillship
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Rig Components
• Hoisting system
• Derrick capacity and substructure
• Rotating equipment
• Circulating system
• Pressure control
• Power requirements
• Tubular goods
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Hoisting System
The hoisting system consists of:
1. The Supporting Structure:
– Derrick
– Rig Floor
– Substructure
2. The Hoisting Equipment
– Drawworks
– Crown block
– Traveling block
– Hook
– Drilling line
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The Drum
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Each sheave
block actsinside
as anthe crown
individual
pulley
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A diamond-shaped
block containing a
number of sheaves
which is always less
than those in the crown
block.
the swivel
running and
pipe.
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The block and tackle is a term used to refer to the arrangement of crown
block, drilling line and traveling block.
Fastline
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The strands can be placed in a right or left direction and the wires in the
strand can be placed such that they appear to be parallel to the rope axis
(Regular) or to the axis of the strands (Lang).
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Hoisting System – Wire Rope Core & Grade
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The primary purpose of the core in wire rope is to provide foundation or support
for the strands. There are 3 types of core:
Fiber Core (FC), Strand Core, Independent Wire Rope Core (IWRC)
The strands provide the whole of the tensile strength of a FC rope but with a
IWRC rope, the core contributes to the nominal strength. For example in a 6
strand rope with IWRC, 7.5% of the nominal strength is attributed to the core.
Wire rope used for Drilling Lines has IWRC
All rotary drilling lines are of 2 grades: Improved Plow Steel (IPS) or Extra
Improved Plow Steel (EIPS)
A standard 6 strand EIPS rope within the same classification have a nominal
strength 15 % higher than IPS ropes.
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Hoisting System – Wire Rope Size
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Hoisting System – Wire Rope Strength DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
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Hoisting System - Wire Rope DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
1” = Diameter of line
5000’ = Length of line
6 = Number of Strands per Line
19 = Number of Wires per Strand
S = Seale Pattern
PRF = Preformed Strands
RRL = Right Regular Lay
IPS = Improved Plow Steel
IWRC = Independent Wire Rope Core
Strength = 89800 lbs
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Hoisting System Design
DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
Design Considerations
1. Determine the deepest hole to be drilled
2. Efficiency Factor
3. Dynamic Crown Load
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Exercise RIG 00 - Hoisting System DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
W ( n + 2 )
Line Tension = F = Derrick Load = F = W *
L
n D
n
Where: W = hookload and n = number of lines
Crown Block
Fixedsheaves
W W W W
4 W 4 4 W 4
4 4
Fastline
Hook
Drawworks Deadline
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Hoisting System – Dynamic Loading DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
For dynamic conditions friction between the line and sheaves has to be
accounted for:
For roller bearings which are the normal type of bearings in a block & tackle
K N − 1
EF = S
K * N ( K − 1 )
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Exercise RIG 01: Efficiency Factor
DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
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Hoisting System – Dynamic Loads DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
W * ( 1 / K ) n
F DL =
EF * n
What is the total derrick load under dynamic conditions ?
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Hoisting System - Design DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
1. The Total Derrick Load should not exceed 80% of the minimum
hoisting system rating
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Hoisting System – Drawworks Power DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
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8/11/2019 Exercise RIG 02 – Drawworks Power DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
Calculate:
1) The power at the drawworks
2) The motor power required
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8/11/2019 Exercise RIG 03 – Drilling Line Loads DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
Consider a travelling block with 10 lines of 1.5” EIPS wire rope of strength 228klbs
Hole depth(MD) = 10,500 ft
DP = 4000 ft 5” - 19.5 lb/ft (S-135-NC 50) 22.61 approx #
= 5700 ft 5” – 19.5 lb/ft (E-75-NC 50) 20.85 approx #
Drill collars = 800 ft, 8” x 2.825”, 150 lb/ft
Mud weight = 10 ppg
Sheave bearing type = Roller Bearing (K=1.04)
Travelling Block Weight = 23,500 lbs
Calculate:
1) Weight of drill string in air and in mud
2) Hook load.
3) Dynamic deadline and fast-line loads.
4) Dynamic crown load
5) Wirerope Design Factor during drilling
6) Design Factor when running 7 in casing of 29 lb/ft
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8/11/2019 Drilling Line Slip & Cut
DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
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8/11/2019 Slip & Cut – Ton-Mile goal DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
The table below from the IADC manual shows the starting goal of ton miles per ft.
for a rig without previous records. Depending on results the goal can be increased
or decreased.
It should be noticed that the goal changes with rope diameter and drum diameter
of the drawworks.
TON MILE PER FOOT CUT GOAL FOR RIGS HAVING NO PAST
PERFORMANCE RECORDS
Drum
Diameter 1" 1 1/8" 1 1/4" 1 3/8" 1 1/2" 1 5/8"
18" 6.0 9.0
19"
20" 6.0
7.0 9.0
9.0
21" 7.0 10.0
22" 7.0 10.0
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8/11/2019 Slip & Cut – Cutting Length
DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
The idea is to prevent the rope to be passed from one critical point to another
one. The following table prevents this from occurring; however, other lengths
can be used.
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Slip & Cut Practice – Ton Miles
DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
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Slip & Cut – Round Trips Work DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
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Slip & Cut – Drilling, Coring, Casing DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
When drilling from depth D1 to depth D2, the work done is:
T d = 3 x [T 2 T 1]
−
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Exercise RIG 04 – Ton Miles Evaluation DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
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Derrick Capacity and Substructure DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
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Derricks
DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
Standard Derrick:
Bolted structure that must be assembled part by part, usually used on offshore
platforms.
Derrick installed
due on floating
to rolling, heavingrigs
andare designed
stresses fromtothe
withstand
wind extra dynamic stresses
The space available between the rig floor and the crown block must be higher to
handle the wave-induced vertical movement of the floating support.
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Mast or Portable Derrick
DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
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Rig Sizing & Selection - Agenda DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
1. Types of rigs
2. Hoisting system
– Loads: hook, fastline and deadline
– Drawworks sizing
– Drilling line Sizing, Ton-Miles, Slip & Cut
– Derrick, Rig Floor & Substructure
3. Rotating System
4. Circulating System
5. BOP System
6. Power System
7. Group exercise: Select a Rig for a 30000ft well
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Rotating System
DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
Rotary HorsePower
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Circulating System
DPT1 - 01 - Rig Sizing and Selection
Hydraulic Horsepower:
The horsepower requirements of the
pumps
and thedepends
pressure.on the flow-rate
FlowRate ( gpm
) x Pr essure ( psi )
HP =
1714
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Circulating System Mud Pumps
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(triplex pumps)strokes
and backward and double-acting
(duplex) if it pumps fluid on both the forward
Pump Liners fit inside the pump cavity, these affect the pressure rating and
flowrate from the pump.
For a given pump, different size liners have the same OD but different ID.
The smaller liner (small ID) is used in the deeper part of the well where low
flow-rate is required but much higher operating pressure
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Circulating System Triplex Pumps
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Volumetric Efficiency:
Drilling mud usually contain little air and is slightly compressible. Hence the
piston moves through a shorter stroke than theoretically possible before
reaching discharge pressure,
As a result, the volumetric efficiency is always less than one; typically 95% for
triplex and 90% for duplex.
In addition, due to power losses in drives, the mechanical efficiency of most
pumps is about 85%.
Centrifugal Pumps:
This type of pump uses an impeller for the movement of fluid, rather a
piston reciprocating inside a cylinder. Centrifugal pumps are used
to surcharge
equipment mud
and pumps
mud and
mixing to provide fluid to solids control
equipment.
Required as per IPM Standards – HSE 001, WCI 003, WCI 005 :
• Gas Detection Equipment
•
BOP Stack and Diverter
• Kick Detection Equipment (Trip Tank, Flowshow)
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Power System 62/65
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Power Requirements
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The total power requirements of a rig is the sum of the power requirement of:
• Drawworks
• Rotary table or top drive
• Mud pumps
• Mud handling system.
• Auxiliary power requirements for lighting etc,
• Life support system.
The actual power required will depend on the operation being carried out:
- The maximum power used is during hoisting and circulation.
- The least power used is during wireline operations
1. Types of rigs
2. Hoisting system
– Loads: hook, fastline and deadline
– Drawworks sizing
– Drilling line Sizing, Ton-Miles, Slip & Cut
– Derrick, Rig Floor & Substructure
3. Rotating System
4. Circulating System
5. BOP System
6. Power System
7. Group exercise: Select a Rig for a 30000ft well
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