TCVN TIEU CHUAN QUOC GIA TCVN 6396-73:2010 EN 81-73:2005 Xuat ban lan 4 YEU CAU AN TOAN VE CAU TAO VA LAP DAT THANG MAY - AP DUNG RIENG CHO THANG MAY CHO’ NGU’O! VA THANG MAY CHO’ NGUOI VA HANG — PHAN 73: TRANG THAI CUA THANG MAY TRONG TRU'ONG HOP CO CHAY Safety rules for the constructions and installation of lifts — Particular applications for passenger and goods passenger lifts — Part 73: Behaviour of lifts in the event of fire HA NOI - 2010TCVN 6396-73:2010 Muc luc Trang Loi néi dau. 4 Loi gi6i thigu.. 5 1 Pham vi 4p dyng..... 7 2 Tailigu vign dan... 7 3 Thuatngé va dinh nghia.... 8 4 — Danh myc céc méi nguy chinh...... 10 5 Yéu cau an toan vahhoac cdc bign phap bao ve... " 6 Kiém tra cdc yéu cau an toan valhode cdc bién phap bao vé 18 7. Théng tin cho sir dung... 16 Phy luc A: Kich ban ciia thang may va cc giao dién.. 17 Thu muc tai ligu tham khdo..... 19TCVN 6396-73:2010 Loi néi dau TCVN 6396-73:2010 hoan toan tong duong EN 81-73:2005 véi nhieng thay d6i bién tap cho phép. TCVN 6396-73:2010 do Ban ky thudt tisu chudn quéc gia TCVN/TC 178 Thang may bién soan, Téng cyc Tiéu chuan Do Ivéng Chat Ivgng a8 nghi, B6 Khoa hoe va Céng nghé céng bé. BS tiéu chun TCVN 6396 (EN 81), Yéu edu an toan vé cdi tao va ldp dat thang may, gém cae phan sau: - TCVN 6395:2008, Thang may dién - Yéu cdu an toan vé c&u tao va lap dat. ~ TCVN 6396-2:2009 (EN 81-2:1998), Thang may thuy Ic - Yéu céu an toan vé céu tao va lap dat. - TCVN 6396-3:2010 (EN 81-3:2000), Yéu cu an toan vé cu tgo va ldp @at thang may - Phan 3: Thang méy ché hang dan dong dign va thiy lfc. + TCVN 6396-58:2010 (EN 81-58:2003), Yéu c4u an toan vé cau tao va lp dat thang may - Kiém tra va thit- Phan 58: Thi tinh chiu Ita cla cita ting, + TCVN 6396-72:2010 (EN 81-72:2003), Yéu c&u an toan vé cdu tao va lap dat thang may - Ap dung riéng cho thang may ché ngQi va thang my ché nglléi va hang - Phn 72: Thang may chia chay. = TCVN 6396-73:2010 (EN 81-73:2005), Yéu cu an toan vé cau tao va lép dat thangmay- Ap dyng riéng cho thang may chd ngudi va thang may chd ngudi va hang - Phin 73: Trang thai cla thang may trong trong hgp ¢6 chay. Bé tigu chudn EN 81, Yéu cu an toan v8 céu tao va ip dt thang may, cdn cac phan sau: - EN 81-28:2003 Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Remote alarm on passenger and goods passenger lifts. - EN 81-70:2003 Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Particular applications for passenger and goods passenger lifts - Accessibilty to lifts for persons including persons with disability. -EN 81-71:2005 Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Particular applications to passenger lifts and goods passenger lifts - Vandal resistant lifts. ~ EN 81-80:2003 Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Existing lifts - Rules for the improvement of safety of existing passenger and goods passenger lifts.TCVN 6396-73:2010 Loi gidi thigu Tiéu chudn nay 18 mét tiéu chudn loai C nhu da trinh bay trong TCVN 7383-2:2004 (EN ISO 12100- 2:2003). ‘Cac thang may cé lién quan va mirc 46 nguy hiém 464i véi chung, tinh trang nguy hiém va cac bién cd ge bao ham va chia trong pham vi clia tiéu chudn nay. Khi cac diéu khoan cila tiéu chuan loai C nay khac voi cdc digu khoan dug trinh bay trong cdc tiéu chuan loai A hodc B thi cdc diéu khodn cia tigu chudn loai C nay dugc wu tin str dung so voi cae digu Khon cia cdc tiu chudn khdc cho cdc thang may d& duge thiét ké va lap dat theo cdc diéu khoan cla tigu chudn loai C nay. Hien nay chwa c6 quy dinh cia chu Au va chi cé mét it cc quy dinh ciia quéc gia cho cde thang may bao gém cc diéu kién ky thuat co lién quan dén trang thai ca thang may trong trudng hop cb mot cchay trong toa nha, ngoai trir c&c thang may chiva chay va thi? nghiém stéc chiu Ita clla cac cita ting. Trong mot sé truéng hyp, 6 thé tim thay cdc théng bao cyc bd nhu “Khéng st dung thang may trong trudng hep cé chay". Bidu nay dan dén hau qud la ngurdi ta c6 thé sty dung cdc thang may trong khi co mot chéy trong to& nha do thyc té Ia ho khong nhan biét duge tinh trang nguy kich tiém tang va cdc thang méy phai ning phuc vy. Tri mét sé truéng hop dac biét cdc thang may khong durge dy tinh 48 sir dung trong trréng hep cé chay. Tiéu chuan nay giai quyét: a) Viéc gidm rdi ro cia hanh khéch bi mac ket trong cabin trong treng hyp cé chay trong toa nha; b) Viéc chi rd cho déi chira chdy/giai ctu rng thang may khéng chia cac hanh khach bi mac ket boi vi cugi cling nd sé duvgc 8 lai tai mot ting 43 dug chi éinh; ©) Vie gidm rui ro ctia hanh khdch trong cabin bj phoi ra truée ngon lira va khéi. NOi dung cda tiéu chudn nay diya trén cac gia dinh sau: - cac yéu cau 4p dung cho tat cd cac thang may ché ngudi va thang may ché ngudi va hang thude moi kiéu d&n d6ng; - dn 6 sy tach biét rO rang gira chic nang quan ly diéu hanh toa nha va hé théng didu khién thang may, - he théng tyr dong phat hién ra chdy truyan tin higu cho thang may tao ra sy phan dng riéng cia thang may. Theo cach khéc, mét co’ cdu goi lai didu khién bang tay dug tiép cn véi thang may dé iti céc tin higu vao cho thang may; ~ hé théng diéu khién thang may xdc dinh phan tng cia thang may khi nhan dugc tin higu tir hé théng phat hign chay; — thang méy & trang thai hoat dong binh thang va sn sang cho sir dung cia hanh khach;TCVN 6396-73:2010 cc hé théng béo chay hoat dng theo dy dinh; ‘tuy thudc vao hé théng bo chay trong toa nha va sy quan ly théng tin nay ma thang may cé thé cb cc phan ing khéc nhau; cc ky su xy dung, kién tric su hoac cdc nha quy hoach phai xem xét tiéu chudn nay mét cdch cn than. Ngay ca viée cung cdp mét co’ cdu goi lai didu khién bang tay ho&c mét thiét bi phat hién chéy trén mdi tang ding cfing sé nang cao rat nhiéu mirc an toan déi voi ngudi trong toa nha trong trudng hop xy ra chay. ISO/TS 14789 da duge str dung nhu phrong phap danh gid rui ro.TIEU CHUAN Quéc GIA TCVN 6396-73:2010 Yéu cau an toan vé cau tao va lap dat thang may - Ap dung riéng cho thang may ché ngwdi va thang may ch& ngwdi va hang — Phan 73: Trang thai cua thang may trong trong hop co chay Safety rules for the constructions and installation of lifts ~ Particular applications for passenger and goods passenger lifts — Part 73: Behaviour of lifts in the event of fre 1 Pham vi ép dung Tiéu chuain nay quy dinh cac diéu khoan dac biét va cae yéu cau an toan dé dam bao trang thai cla thang may trong trvéng hgp xay ra chay trong toa nha dya trén co sé tin hiéu tir hé théng phat hién bao chay truyén téi hé théng diéu khién thang may. Tiéu chudn nay 4p dung cho ¢4c thang may ch ngubi va thang may chd ngudi va hang méi. Tuy nhién, 06 thé str dung tiéu chuan nay lam co’ sé 68 nang cao sv an toan clla thang may cho nguoi va thang may ch ngudi va hang hién 6. Tiéu chudn nay dua ra cdc sy Iva chon khac nhau di voi sy diéu khién thang may trong tredng hop xdy ra chay trong toa nha. Tiéu chudn nay khéng 4p dung cho: cae thang may duoc st dung trong truéng hop xay ra chéy, vi dy, céc thang may chira chay nhur da quy dinh trong TCVN 6396-72:2010 (EN 81-72:2003); si dyng thang may dé so tan ngudi khdi toa nha va ' chay trong giéng thang. 2 Tailigu vign din Cac tai ligu vién d&n sau rat can thiét cho viée ap dung tiéu chudn nay. 06i voi cdc tai liu vign d&n co ghi nam céng bé thi ap dung phién ban d& néu. Déi vdi cdc tai ligu vién dain khéng ghi nm céng bé thi 4p dung phién ban mdi nhat, bao gém ca cdc stta adi, bd sung (néu c6).TCVN 6396-73:2010 ‘TCVN 6395:2008, Thang may dién — Yéu cdu an toan vé cdu tao va lip dat. TCVN 6396-2:2009 (EN 81-2:1998), Thang may thuj Iyc~ Yau cu an toan ve cu tao va Iép dat. TCVN 6396-72:2010 (EN 81-72:2003), Yéu cu an toan vé cdu tao va lép dat thang may - Ung dung rigng cho thang may ché' ngudi va thang may chd ngudi va hang ~ Phan 72: Thang may chira chay TCVN 7383-2:2004 (EN ISO 12100-2:2003), An toan may — Khai niém co ban, nguyén tac chung cho thiét ké - Phan 2: Nguyén tac ky thuat. ISO 3864-1:2002, Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs ~ Part 1: Design principles for safety signs in workplaces and public areas (Note: Corrected and reprinted in 2003-12) (Ky higu bang hinh vé - Mau an toan va ky higu an toan — Phan 1; Nguyén tac thiét ké d6i voi cdc ky higu an toan tai ché lam viée va khu vue cong e6ng (chi thich: Buge siva chira va in lai 12-2003) ISO 8421-3:1989, Fire protection ~ Vocabulary — Part 3: Fire detection and alarm (Phong chay ~ Tir vyng - Phan 3: Phat hién va bao chéy). EN §4-1:1996, Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 1: Introduction (Hé théng phat hién va bao chay — Phan 1: Loi gidi thiéu), EN 54-2:1997, Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 2: Control and indicating equipment (Hé théng phat hién va bao chay — Phan 2: Thiét bj diéu khién va chi bao). 3. Thudt ng@ va dinh nghia Tiéu chudn nay ap dung cdc thuat ngi va dinh nghia dugc cho trong TCVN 7383-2:2004 (EN ISO 12100-2:2003), TCVN 6395:2008 (EN 81-1:1998), EN 54-1:1996, EN 54-2:1997 va céc thuat ngG, dinh ghia sau’ a4 Chii sé hiru toa nha (building owner) Nowai chiu trach nhiém va matt phap ly ciia toa nha 3.2 Chién Ivgc so tan nguei khél toa nha (building evacuation strategy) Céc thiét bi d8 duc lép dat vao vi tri 48 so tn ngudi khdi toa nha trong truéng hop xay ra chay. 33 Giao dign cia sy phat hign chay (fire detection interface) Giao dién chuyén ding dé truyén théng tin vé chay bang cach str dung tin higu dién. Sy tao ra céc tin higu v8 chay c6 thd dug thy hién bang: idu khién bang tay hoac iéu khién ban ty dong hoac diéu khién ty dong.TCVN 6396-73:2010 34 Giao dign cia sy diu khién thang may (lift control interface) (1) Ranh gidi cho hé théng didu khién thang may (2) Giao dién chuyén ding 48 nhan céc tin higu dign tir giao dign cia sy phat hign chay 3.5 Giao thive (protocol) Tap hop cac quy tac diéu hanh dang thirc olla cac théng bdo duge trao déi gitra cdc thiét bi, vi dy, khi dug 4p dung cho cac tuyén truyén théng néi tiép dé truyén dé lidu. 36 Cac hé théng bao chy déi v6i trang thai cia thang may trong truéng hop xay ra chay (fire alarm systems for the behaviour of a lift in the event of fire) 3.6.1 Hg théng ty dong phat hign chay va bao déng (automatic fire detection and alarm system) Hé théng bao chay (nhu 4a dinh nghia trong 3.6.3) gdm cé cdc b6 phan dé phat hién chay mét cdch ty Ong, truyén di si bao chdy va khdi xuéng hanh dong khac néu can). [Xem ISO 8421-3:1989, dinh nghia 3.1.3]. 3.6.2 Thiét bj chi bao va kiém soat bao chay (fire alarm control and indicating equipment) Thiét bi cp dién cho cdc b6 phan phat hién chay (nhu da dinh nghia trong 3.6.4) va: ~ duge sir dung dé nh&n mét tin higu chuyén ding va dura vao hoat déng mét tin higu bao chay; - 06 kha nang truyén tin higu phat hién chay qua thiét bj dung truyan bdo chay cho td chire chia chay ho8c cho binh dap lita ty dong; - duge sir dung 4é ty déng gidm sat sy van hanh dung cla hé théng. [inh nghta 3.1.15, ISO 8421-3:1989} 3.6.3 He théng bao chay (fire alarm system) Té hop cda céc bo phan cdu thanh dé phat ra mét tin higu bao chay cé thé nghe thay duge valhoc nhin thay dug¢ va/hode tin higu bao chay khac ¢6 thé cém nhén thay dugc. Hé théng cling cé thé khéi xudng cac tac dong khac nhu khéi dong hé théng diéu khién thang may. [Ginh nghta 3.1.24, ISO 8421-3:1989}TCVN 6396-73:2010 CHU THICH: di voi tiéu chudn nay "H8 théng bdo chay" [a mét thuat ngtr chung bao gém “He théng ty dong phat hign chay va bdo dng” (nhu 8 éinh ngha trong 3.6.1) va "cor cdu goi vé didu khién bang tay” (nhu 44 din ghia trong 3.11) 3.6.4 BQ phat hign chay (fire detector) Phan cu thanh cla hé théng ty d6ng phat hién chay c6 chia it nhat la mét cdm bién giém sat mot hign tugng vat ly hoac hoa hoc thich hgp, ding dé bao hiéu cho thiét bj chi bdo va kiém soat béo chéy (nh 48 dinh nghfa trong 3.6.2). [Ginh nghia 3.2.2, ISO 8421-3:1989). 37 Hé théng quan ly va diéu hanh toa nha (building management systems) Cac bién php duge ap dung dé phéi hp tat cd cdc hé théng trong toa nha. 3.8 Tng dimng duc chi dinh (designate landing) Tang duge xac dinh theo chién lurgc so tan ngudi khdi toa nha cho phép ngudi roi khdi thang may dé thoat ra khdi tod nha hoac khu vye cla tod nha mét cach an toan trong qua trinh xay ra chay. 3.9 Ting ding chinh éugc chi dinh (main designated landing) Tang dugc xac dinh lam tang thoat ra chinh khi hé théng cé cdc tng dimng duge chi dinh khac. 3.40 Tang ding dugc chi dinh khéc (alternative designate landing) Tang dugc xac dinh theo chién luge so tén ngudi khdi toa nha ma thang may phai tro vé khi mot chay 44 duge phat hién mét cach ty d6ng tai tng dizng chinh duge chi dinh. ant Co cdu goi vé diéu khién bang tay (manual recall device) Co cdu duge diéu khién bang tay, vi dy, cong tac bat, nat An hoae céng tdc 06 chia khod, c&c co céu nay khi van hanh sé dua mét tin higu dién vao hoat dong lam cho thang may duc diéu khién van hanh theo cach mong muén. 4 Danh muc cac méi nguy chinh Bidu nay chiva dyng tat cd cdc méi nguy chinh, cdc tinh trang va bién cé nguy hiém toi mirc cAn due x ly trong tiéu chudn nay, due nhan dang bang danh gid rdi ro la dng ké d6i voi cdc thang may va 10TCVN 6396-73:2010 can 6 hanh dong dé loai bd hodc gidm rii ro. Céc méi nguy chinh nay dua trén TCVN 7301 (180 141217EN 1050) (cing dugc xem Ia tai phap bao vé trong tiéu chuan nay). :2001 vién dan cho cdc yéu cau vé an toan va/hoae cae bién Bang 1 - Cac méi nguy chinh duge xir ly trong tiéu chudn nay ! Cac méi nguy va tinh trang nguy 4 va cacall TCVN 7301-1:2008 5 Cac yéu cau va cac diéu trong hiém chinh déi voi thangmay trong a (ISO 14121/EN 1050) ong hgp e6 chy tigu chudn nay 1 Cac méi nguy vé co khi 5.1.1, 6.1.2, 5.3.4, 5.3.5, 5.3.6, 5.3.7 1.5 Cac méi nguy bi mac ket 5.1.3, 6.3 1.6 Cac méi nguy va cham 5.3.1, 6.3.2 3 Cac méi nguy v8 nhiét (sy 6 nhim do | 5.1, 5.2, 5.3.14), b), 0), 5.3.2, nhigt hoae knéi) 5.33, 5.3.5, 5.3.7,5.4 88 Két cu hode vi tri cla céc bd phan cht | 5.1.3, 5.3.8 bao khéng thich hep. _ 5 Yéu cau an toan va/hoac cc bién phap bao vé 8.1 Yéu cdu chung Phai ngdt sw phyc vy binh thuéng c&e thang may trong truéng hop xay ra chay bing cach sir dung cae didu khodn sau (xem Phy yc A). 6.1.1. Cac tin higu vao Thang may phai van hanh phi hop vi 5.3 khi nhan dugc mot (ho&e nhidu) tin higu dign. Cac tin higu dién phai do hé théng ty dong phat hién chay va bao dong hoac co cdu goi vé didu khién bang tay ung cp. Khi c6 trang bi mét co cdu goi vé diéu khién bang tay thi né phai: a) 6 hai trang thai dn dinh trong van hanh va b) dye ghi nhén ré rang dé trénh bat cir sai s6t nao vé vi tri cla né va ) dugc ghi nhan thich hyp déi vi myc dich sir dung cia né va d) durgc bé tri trong trung tam quan ly va diu hanh ca toa nha hodc tai tang chinh durgc chi dinh va e) dugc bao ve tranh sir dung sai sot khi c6 thé tiép can duge toan b6 bang cach dat co cau nay sau mot tdm kinh thuy tinh ho&e duc dat trong mot khu vye an toan. CHU THICH: Vie quyét dinh Iva chon mt hé thdng ty déng phat hign chay va béo ding hode cor cu gol v8 éibu kkhi&n bang tay la vén 4@ duge thug lvong tai giai doan thiét ké/lap ké hoach cla toa nha.TCVN 6396-73:2010 5.1.2 Vitri dimg ca thang may 5.1.2.1 Khi mét thang may ding lai do tinh trang cé hu héng, mét tin higu tir hé théng phat hign chay dén hé théng diéu khién thang may khéng duge lam cho thang may khéi dong. 5.4.2.2 Sy didu khién kiém tra va didu khién khan c4p bang dién khéng duge chju anh huéng cia hé théng phat hién chay 6.1.3 Dau higu cim Phai cé mét dau higu cdm theo ISO 3864-1:2002 durgc dat gan thang may dé 6 thé nhin thay ddu nay mot cch dé dang trén tat c& cac diém dimng tang. Kich thuée cla dau nay téi thiéu phai la 50 mm va ky higu bang hinh vé phai theo chi dn trén Hinh 4. CHU THICH: Co thé kém theo hinh minh hog cau sau “khong sir dung thang may trong truéng hop xay ra chéy” Hinh 4 - Hinh minh hoa “Khéng sir dung thang méy trong trrdng hop xay ra chay” 6.2 Yéu cau vé giao dign gitra hé théng bao chay va hé théng diéu khién thang may 6.2.4 Yéu cdu chung ‘Sy ngat két ndi cua cae giao dién phai khéi xuéng viée goi va cla thang may nhu mé ta trong 5.3. CHU THICH 1: Kidu giao dién la do sy Iwra chon cla ngudi lap d&t thang méy c6 sy thuong lueng véi ngudi chi ‘88 hu toa nha (Kem EN 51-1:1998, 0.2.5 va TCVN 6396-2:2009 (EN 81-2:1998), 0.2.5}. CHU THICH 2. Vic quyét dinh Iya chon mét hé théng tyr déng phat hign chay hoc co cu gol v8 didu Khién bing tay la van 68 dugc thong lugng tai giai doan thiét k&/Map ké hoach ciia toa nha. Cac vi dy vé giao dién cé thé duge sir dyng duge chi dan & duéi day. 5.2.2 Giao dién roi rac Mét giao dién rdi rac phdi durge thy hién bang céc céng tac thudéng md, khdi déng trong trvéng hop phat hién ra chay. Phai cung cp cdc céng tac dua ra cac tin hiéu cho hé théng digu khién thang may. Khi ¢6 yéu cu, nha lap dat thang may phai cung cp céc céng tac dura ra cac tin higu ra (vi dy, trang thai cla thang may). 2TCVN 6396-73:2010 6.2.3 Giao dign nditiép Giao dién néi tiép phai an toan va duge thyc hién bang sy truyén théng tin duéi dang cdc tin hiéu néi tiép phi hop voi giao thite cila phan mém/phan cing da dugc tigu chudn hoa (vi dy, EIA-422 hodie ITu-Tv11). 6.3. Trang thal cla thang may khi nhan duge méttin higu phat hign chay Nguyén tac cia phan tng cia thang may trong truéng hop xay ra chdy la dua cabin tr vé diém ding tng dugc chi dinh va cho phép moi hanh khach éuge thoat ra. 8.3.1. Khi nhan duge mét tin hiéu chi thi chay tir hé théng ty dong phat hign chay va bao dong (xem 3.6.1) hode tiv cor cdu goi vé diéu khién bang tay (xem 3.11) thi thang may phai phan veng nhw sau: @) tat c& cac co cdu diéu khién t&ng dimg va céc co cdu didu khién cabin bao gdm cé “nut An mé lai ca’ phai dug dua vé trang thai khéng hoat dong; va b) tat od cdc cue goi da dang ky hign c6 phai duge huy; ©) thang may phai tuan theo lénh ty déng éurgc bat du béi tin higu nhan durge theo cach sau: 1) thang may c6 cdc etka duge din déng co khi ty dong, khi 43 d& Iai & mot tang dung, phai déng kin cae cira va di chuyén khéng ding lai toi tng ding dug chi dinh; 2) thang méy 6 cdc cita duce van hnh bang tay hodc céc cla dugc din déng co khi khong ty Gong, néu da dé tai mét tang divng 6 cdc cira duge md, phai dugc gitr dung yén tai tng diyng nay. Néu cdc cira duc déng, thang may phdi di chuyén khéng dizng tang ding duge chi dinh; 3) thang may dang di chuyén ra xa tang ding duge chi dinh phai ding binh thuong va dao chidu chuyén déng tai tang dirng gan nhat ma khéng md cac cira va tre vé tng dig dug chi dinh; 4) thang may dang di chuyén vé phia tang ding dug chi dinh phai tiép tuc hanh trinh cia né toi tng dirng duge chi dinh ma khéng dirng lai; 5) mit thang may trong truéng hop bi chan lai do sy van hanh cla mét thiét bi an toan, phdi duge gilt dung yén. 5.3.2 Cac co cdu ddo chiéu di chuyén cia cia c6 thé bj 2nh huéng béi nhiét hoac khdi phai duge dua vé trang thai khéng hoat dong dé cho phép déng cdc cira lai. Phai duy tri sy bao vé duoc quy dinh trong TCVN 6395:2008 hoac 7.5.2.1.1.3, TCVN 6393-2:2009 (EN 81-2:1998). 5.3.3 Sy didu van ty dong téi tang ding th4p nhét nh quy dinh trong 14.2.1.5 b), TCVN 6396-2:2009 (EN 81-2:1998) phai dug dua vé trang thai khong hoat dong. 5.3.4 Sy hu héng cla mot thang may trong mOt nhém cac thang may dugc néi lién két vei nhau khéng dug anh huéng dén sy tro vé ting dimg duge chi dinh ota thang may khac. 5.3.8 Khi di t6i tang dieng duge chi dinh, c4c thang may c6 cac cira dain déng co khi phai dé lai tai day voi cabin va cac civa tang mé va ngirng hoat dong. Khi cc quy dinh ca quéc gia khong cho phép cdc cita & trang thai mé thi phai cé phuong tién dé mé cac cia (ké cd cdc phuong tién van hanh bang dign) a8 doi chira chay cd thé kiém tra xem cO