Linux Networking & Security Fundamentals: Welcome Everyone!

LINUX NETWORKING & SECURITY
FUNDAMENTALS
Welcome Everyone!
Day 1 covers Linux Networking Fundamentals
Day 2 covers Linux Security Fundamentals
1
DAVE PROWSE | HTTPS://PROWSE.TECH
DISCLAIMER & WARNING
The information contained in this webinar is for educational

purposes only. The author, O’Reilly, Pearson, or any other entity
is not responsible for any misuse of the information.
Practice the concepts provided in this training course on systems

that you own, or have authorization to use.
Do not attempt any of the procedures on live work systems or

production systems.
2
AGENDA
DAY 1 – LINUX NETWORKING FUNDAMENTALS

PART I Networking 101
PART II Networking Services & Configuration Files
PART III Network Commands & Configurations
PART IV Connecting Between Hosts with the Command Line
PART V Wrap-up
3
The Network
Map
4
K !
O R
-W
P in.
R E Take 5 minutes to complete your set up:
P 5m - Debian server (no GUI please!)
- Whichever Linux client you prefer
- Feel free to ask questions in the Q&A widget
5
Audience Poll
How would you rate your Linux skills?
A. Beginner
B. Been playing around with it for a while
C. Intermediate
D. Advanced
E. Master of the Universe
6
Audience Poll
Which virtualization platform are you using today?
A. VirtualBox
B. VMware Workstation
C. ESXi
D. Hyper-V
E. KVM (libvirt)
F. Vagrant
G. Parallels
H. Xen
I. Proxmox
J. Other
7
PART I
NETWORKING 101
8
PART I WHAT IS A COMPUTER NETWORK?
Networking
101
THE BASICS
TCP/IP & OSI
THE NETWORK
MAP
9
PART I WHAT IS THE PURPOSE?
Networking
101
THE BASICS
TCP/IP & OSI
THE NETWORK
MAP
u c tivi ty.
…p r o d
a word
I n
10
PART I TCP/IP
Networking
101
A suite of communication protocols that allows
computers to talk to each other by way of IP address.
THE BASICS
TCP/IP & OSI
THE NETWORK
MAP
11
PART I TYPICAL TCP/IP
Networking
101
THE BASICS
TCP/IP & OSI
THE NETWORK
MAP
12
PART I THE OSI MODEL
Networking
101 A seven layer model used
to define how data
transmission works.
THE BASICS
TCP/IP & OSI
THE NETWORK
MAP Application Application
Presentation Presentation
Session Session
Transport Transport
Network Network
Data Link Data Link
Physical Physical
13
PART I THE OSI MODEL
Networking
101
THE BASICS
Layer # Name
TCP/IP & OSI
Layer 7 Application
THE NETWORK Layer 6 Presentation
MAP Layer 5 Session
Layer 4 Transport
Layer 3 Network
Layer 2 Data Link
Layer 1 Physical
14
PART I OSI MODEL vs. TCP/IP MODEL
Networking
101
OSI Reference Model TCP/IP Model
7 Application
THE BASICS
6 Presentation Application
TCP/IP & OSI 5 Session
4 Transport Transport
THE NETWORK
MAP 3 Network Internet
2 Data Link
Link
1 Physical
15
Quiz Question
Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for the transmission of IP packets
from one IP address to another?
A. transport
B. data link
C. network
D. application
16
PART I
Networking
101
THE BASICS
TCP/IP & OSI
THE NETWORK
MAP
17
PART II
NETWORKING SERVICES &

CONFIGURATION FILES
18
PART II
networking.service
Networking
Services & Location of configuration file:
Configuration Files /etc/network/interfaces
A Tale of Three systemd-networkd.service

Networking Locations of configuration files:
Services
Ubuntu Server: /etc/netplan
networking Other distros: /etc/systemd/network
networkd NetworkManager.service
NetworkManager Locations of configuration files:
RHEL/CentOS distros:
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
Other distros:
/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections
19
PART II
Networking
Services &
networking.service
Configuration Files - Common in Debian (as a server).
- To see if it is active, type:
A Tale of Three systemctl status networking.service

Networking
Services or
service networking status

networking
or
networkd
/etc/init.d/networking status
NetworkManager - Location of configuration file:
/etc/network/interfaces
- Demonstration
20
PART II
Networking
Services &
Configuration Files systemd-networkd.service
- Used by Ubuntu Server and in some special situations.

A Tale of Three
Networking - To see if it is active, type:
Services systemctl status systemd-networkd
networking
- Location of configuration file:
Ubuntu Server: /etc/netplan
networkd Other distros: /etc/systemd/network
NetworkManager - Demonstration #1: Ubuntu Server
- Demonstration #2: Debian running networkd
21
PART II
Networking NetworkManager.service
Services & - Used by Fedora/RHEL/CentOS as well as the majority of
Configuration Files Linux desktop distributions today (by default).
- To see if it is active, type:
A Tale of Three systemctl status NetworkManager

Networking
Services - Can be configured with a variety of tools:
- Settings, nm-connection-editor, nmtui, nmcli, the conf.
file, and cockpit.
networking
- Locations of configuration files:
networkd
RHEL/CentOS distros:
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
NetworkManager
Other distros:
/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections
- Demonstration #1: Fedora & CentOS

- Demonstration #2: Debian client (optional)
22
Quiz Question
Where would you go to modify the default network configuration of a Debian

server?
A. /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
B. Netplan
C. /etc/network/interfaces
D. /etc/systemd/network
23
PART III
NETWORK COMMANDS &

CONFIGURATIONS
24
PART III
Networking
Commands &
Configurations Command Description
ip link shows Ethernet connections
ip and ping ip a shows Ethernet plus TCP/IP

information
hostname and DNS
ip route shows routed connections including
the default gateway
nmcli
ping <hostname> displays if a host is alive on the
or <ipaddress> network
ping -c specifies the amount of ICMP echos
to send
ping -s specifies the packetsize
25
PART III
Networking
Commands & Two good ways to modify hostnames:
Configurations
hostnamectl set-hostname <hostname>
ip and ping vim /etc/hostname
hostname and DNS
nmcli
Two locations for DNS:
/etc/resolv.conf
/etc/systemd/resolved.conf
26
PART III
Networking
Commands & nmcli command Description
Configurations
nmcli Displays the network configuration
nmcli con show Displays the available
ip and ping NetworkManager connections
hostname and DNS nmcli con mod Modifies the connection without the
<network-interface> shell
...
nmcli
nmcli con down Brings the network interface down
<network-interface>
nmcli con up Brings the network interface up

<network-interface>
nmcli con edit Opens the nmcli shell

<network-interface>
27
Quiz Question
Which of the following describes how to deactivate a network interface in

Fedora?
A. ifup enp1s0
B. ip link
C. nmcli con down ens3
D. vim /etc/resolv.conf
28
PART IV
CONNECTING BETWEEN COMPUTERS

WITH THE COMMAND LINE
29
PART IV
Connecting Between
Computers with the
SSH = Secure Shell
Command Line
SSH
SCP (& rsync)
FTP & SFTP
30
PART IV
Connecting Between
Computers with the
SCP = Secure Copy
Command Line
SSH
SCP (& rsync)
FTP & SFTP
Example:
scp ubuntu.iso user@10.0.2.55:/home/user/isos
31
PART IV
Connecting Between
Computers with the
Command Line
Protocol Full Name Ports used
FTP File Transfer Protocol 21 (control port)
SSH 20 (data port)
SCP (& rsync) FTPS File Transfer Protocol Secure 990 (control port)
989 (data port)
FTP & SFTP
SFTP Secure File Transfer Protocol 22
32
Quiz Question
Which of the following are valid command options for transmitting a file securely
between Linux hosts? (Select the two best answers.)
A. ssh
B. ftp
C. scp
D. sftp
33
PART V
WRAP-UP
34
LINUX NETWORKING & SECURITY
FUNDAMENTALS
Thank you for attending today.

See you tomorrow!
35

Linux Networking & Security Fundamentals: Welcome Everyone!

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LINUX NETWORKING & SECURITY

The information contained in this webinar is for educational

Practice the concepts provided in this training course on systems

Do not attempt any of the procedures on live work systems or

DAY 1 – LINUX NETWORKING FUNDAMENTALS

- Whichever Linux client you prefer

- Feel free to ask questions in the Q&A widget

How would you rate your Linux skills?

Which virtualization platform are you using today?

TCP/IP & OSI

TCP/IP & OSI

TCP/IP & OSI

TCP/IP & OSI

TCP/IP & OSI

TCP/IP & OSI

NETWORKING SERVICES &

A Tale of Three systemd-networkd.service

NetworkManager Locations of configuration files:

- To see if it is active, type:

A Tale of Three systemctl status networking.service

service networking status

- Used by Ubuntu Server and in some special situations.

NetworkManager - Demonstration #1: Ubuntu Server

- Demonstration #2: Debian running networkd

- To see if it is active, type:

A Tale of Three systemctl status NetworkManager

- Demonstration #1: Fedora & CentOS

Where would you go to modify the default network configuration of a Debian

NETWORK COMMANDS &

ip and ping ip a shows Ethernet plus TCP/IP

ip and ping vim /etc/hostname

hostname and DNS

Two locations for DNS:

nmcli con up Brings the network interface up

nmcli con edit Opens the nmcli shell

Which of the following describes how to deactivate a network interface in

CONNECTING BETWEEN COMPUTERS

SCP (& rsync)

FTP & SFTP

SCP (& rsync)

FTP & SFTP

Thank you for attending today.

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