ELC590

ENGLISH FOR ORAL PRESENTATION

PERSUASIVE SPEECH PORTFOLIO

NAME : NUR NASRIN BINTI ABDUL AZIZ

STUDENT’S ID : 2020455322
GROUP : AP2291B
LECTURER’S NAME : MISS NURAIN JANTAN ANUA JAH
TITLE : PAID OR UNPAID INTERNSHIP?
Table of Content

No Content Page
1.0 Article 3
1.1 Article 1 3-7
1.2 Article 2 8-11
1.3 Article 3 12-13
2.0 Data 14
3.0 Outline 15-17
4.0 Presentation Slides 18-20
5.0 Reference List 21

2|Page
1.0 Article

There are some articles that have been used as a reference to complete the speech entitled
paid or unpaid internship. The first article is from Capital Placement. Second article is
from The Temple News, and lastly from WayUp.

1.1 Article 1

Paid Internships vs. Unpaid Internships

Career Tips, Internships, Internships Abroad

Students all eventually face the same dilemma: They have to choose between paid
internships and unpaid internships.
Why is it even a dilemma, you ask? The choice seems obvious. Paid internships
are better because they, well, pay, right?
Regrettably, in our experience, it’s not as simple as that. Money is important, but
it’s only one of the factors students should take into account when choosing an
internship. Just because an internship is paid doesn’t automatically make it right
for you. In fact, it can set your career back in the long run if you are only choosing
it because it’s paid.
In this post, we take a look at the not-so-obvious advantages and disadvantages of
paid and unpaid internships. If you’re at the paid vs. unpaid internships fork-in-
the-road, we hope this information helps you make an informed decision:
Paid Internship – The Pros and Cons
Paid internships, you may be surprised to find out, aren’t all sunshine and roses.
They often come with drawbacks – some of them significant ones.
Let’s go over some of the major pros and cons of paid internships for international
students.
Pros

3|Page
 Compensation
The most obvious advantage of a paid internship is you get paid. And there’s no
denying how empowering it can be. Money opens up avenues where none existed
before.
What may have once seemed like an impossibly-distant dream-like interning in a
megacity such as London or New York for a big-name company – is now your
new reality. Your living expenses are taken care of, at the very least. Maybe you
even have enough for sightseeing. The future appears bright.
Confidence Boost
Many students and recent graduates have a shaky sense of self-worth. They
haven’t truly found their place in the adult, working world yet and are eager to
prove themselves, but unsure if they have the skills. You may have experienced
similar feelings before.
Often an unpaid internship can make you feel like your time and work is not
worthy of being paid for, which can reduce your self-esteem further. When you
find a paying opportunity, it’ll fill you with a sense of accomplishment. It can do
wonders for your sense of self-worth and will motivate you to work harder to
continue to succeed in your career
Resume-building
Paid and unpaid internships both look good on your resume, but this is especially
the case for paid internships. When you apply to work somewhere in the future,
the employer will take you seriously. The fact you drew a paycheck is likely to tip
the scales in your favour. Employers recognise how competitive paid internships
are so will be impressed by the fact that you managed to secure one.
Now we’ve discussed some of the positives of a paid internship, let’s talk about
some of the negatives and things to be aware of before applying.
Cons
Irrelevant field
Paid internships, compared to unpaid ones, are few and far between. While you
may succeed in finding a paid internship, the chances of you getting one in your
field of choice are low.
Many students compromise and end up pursuing paid internships in a different
industry. It’s not an industry they trained for. In many cases, it’s not an industry
they have much interest in. They mean to switch back later, but it doesn’t always
work out that way. It’s one of the reasons why the number of graduates
mismatched to their jobs is sky-high.
Furthermore, if your internship is not in the field that you want to work in, then
your chances of securing a job in that field in the future are unlikely as even though
you have an internship the skills you gained may not be relevant to the roles you
want to apply for.
High workload
4|Page
 There’s no such thing as a free lunch. If someone pays you, they are going to
expect something in return. Students looking to ease into the working world may
be in for an unpleasant surprise. This doesn’t apply to all internship opportunities,
of course, but is true often enough.
If you get paid, you may have to shoulder a lot of expectations and tangible work
responsibilities. After all, the money you’re being paid could have been used to
hire an employee instead. Your employer may see you as a replacement employee,
not just a trainee, and adjust your workload accordingly. You may learn a lot from
the experience, but it won’t be easy.
Miss out on following your dreams
Making the transition from college straight to a paid internship and then a high-
paying job is tempting. You have it all figured out. You’re going to be mentored
by the brightest, network with people in high places, and rocket up the career
ladder. You can see it happening and the world is your oyster.
But is the opportunity something you really want to pursue? If the answer is yes,
you’re on the right track. But if it’s a no, you may need to explore your options.
Plenty of students have been in your shoes, with promising paid internship
opportunities lined up and career-paths mapped out. But some forewent all that
for unpaid internships and a chance to chase their dreams. They even say it’s the
best decision they ever made.
Unpaid Internships – The Pros and Cons
Let’s face it: Having to work but not getting paid for it doesn’t sound appealing.
Given the choice of paid internships or unpaid internships, most students eagerly
jump at the first.

In reality, however, many unpaid internships come with amazing perks.

Sometimes, these perks even make up for the “not being paid” part.
Below are some known and lesser-known pros and cons of unpaid internships for
you.
Pros
Valuable experience
Unpaid internships can bring you a wealth of experience. You’ll get to work with
passionate people in a field you love. Compared to paid internships, there is likely
to be less pressure on you to perform. It leaves you free to explore, learn,
experiment, and grow.
Unpaid internships are also great for character building. We don’t mean to glorify
not being paid. Being broke, saddled with student loans, and forced to work for
free isn’t exactly a walk in the park. We’d rather you made money.

5|Page
 However, it does evolve you as a person. If you make it through the experience –
and you will, just like the others – you’ll emerge stronger and wiser for it. And
you’ll know you have what it takes to make it through tough times.
Testing the waters
Quite a few students are pushed into their internship and, indeed, career paths by
societal influences, peer pressure, and parental demands. You may relate. These
students end up unhappy and dissatisfied several months in. We think it’s a
contributing factor as to why only 15% of people are satisfied with their current
jobs.
An unpaid internship opportunity is an obligation-free way to explore your
passion. You are free to find out if your current industry is to your liking. Also,
unpaid internship opportunities are not hard to come by. You will have the
freedom to pursue your dreams – something you can’t always do with paid
internships.
Training opportunities
Paid internships are prone to having strict work programs and schedules. Paid
interns may be treated as entry-level employees. Unpaid internships, on the other
hand, usually have fewer constraints. Unpaid interns are likely to be free to explore
a bit more.
The free time and comparative lack of responsibilities can work in your favour.
You can see how your company works firsthand, job shadow other people, and
even attend company training courses or gain professional qualifications which
may be offered by the company.
Cons
Stress and financial constraints
Not many students can afford to work for free, even if it is for a brief period. If
they have no choice but to get an unpaid internship, many take up part-time or
even full-time jobs to eke out a living. It can lead to a great deal of stress.
Ideally, students should be free to focus on learning and work. Having to work
two jobs can make it hard to have a satisfactory internship experience.
Self-esteem challenge
We talked about how being paid is good for your self-esteem. Working for free,
on the other hand, can negatively impact a student’s self-esteem. This is especially
true when “real” employees look down on them for being an unpaid intern.
While it’s challenging, we think it’s crucial that students develop thick skin here.
Don’t let your paycheck dictate your self-esteem. You have value just for being
you. Remind yourself you will make it to a well-paid job eventually. You’re just
doing what it takes to get there.
May affect future employment

6|Page
 Having an unpaid internship on your resume doesn’t always look as good as a paid
internship. When you apply for a job somewhere, the employer may be impressed
by your work experience. But then they’ll see you didn’t get paid.
However if you are unable to secure a paid internship or find one in a field you
want to work in then an unpaid internship will still look good on your resume and
show that you have some work experience and will have developed soft skills
required in the workplace such as communication, organisation and teamwork
which are all attributes that employers seek in candidates.
The Third Type of Internship: The Perfect Middle Ground?
There’s a third type of internship that you need to be aware of – the internship that
pays you, but not in the form of money. Instead, it compensates you in some other
way:
• The internship may reward you in the form of academic credit.
• You may receive free housing for the duration.
• You may get free breakfast, lunch, and dinner.
• The company may offer to pay for insurance.
• You may receive a small stipend at the end.
If you can’t afford to do an unpaid internship, this third type of internship might
be a good solution.
Conclusion
There’s no clear winner in the battle of paid vs. unpaid internships. Paid
internships and unpaid internships both have their pros and cons. Also, every
internship opportunity is unique, and so is every student. There’s no one-size-fits-
all answer.
It’s our hope you don’t reject an unpaid opportunity out of hand just because it
doesn’t pay you. And we also hope you don’t blindly pursue a paid internship just
because it’s paid! Instead, choose the internship opportunity that makes you
happy, helps you to grow, and builds up your career.

7|Page
 1.2 Article 2

The cost of interns

Internship programs are a necessary, but questioned, system.
27 November 2012 John Moritz News, Student Debt

ILLUSTRATION BY JOEY PASKO / TTN

In the most recent jobs report issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics before the 2012
presidential election, the unemployment rate inched up, from 7.8 to 7.9 percent. In 2010 and
2011, the National Center for Education Statistics reported that the average price for a four-
year institution of higher education cost a student $22,092, a more than $9,000 increase from
a decade earlier when adjusted for inflation.

Still, another study by Rutgers University’s John J. Heldrich Center for Workforce
Development in 2011 showed that 62 percent of college graduates working a job that did not
require an undergraduate degree said they would need more education to further their careers.

In the midst of a shrinking economy and rising costs of education, the ability of all students to
further their education through internships has been the subject of numerous reports, which aim
to discover how students can become disadvantaged in a smaller job market.

According to a National Association of Colleges and Employers survey of 20,000 graduating

seniors from the class of 2011, 52.5 percent reported working internships during their college
careers, of those, 52 percent were paid.

According to the survey, 61 percent of students working paid internships in the for-profit sector
had job offers at the time of their graduation, compared to 38 percent of students who worked
unpaid internships and one third of students who had no internship experience.

In addition, among the 50,000 total students surveyed, those who worked paid internships were
more likely to spend their time working on professional tasks.

No government or private organization accurately tracks the exact number of paid and unpaid
internships, although some studies have reported a rise in unpaid internships in recent years.

8|Page
Under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, unpaid interns in the for-profit sector are
individuals not considered employees by meeting six criteria outlined by the FLSA, according
to the Department of Labor.

Under the FLSA criteria, an unpaid internship must be given for intern’s educational advantage
where the employer does not benefit from the intern’s labor. The intern must not replace regular
employees, and the intern is not necessarily guaranteed a job when the internship ends. The
intern and the employer must also understand that the internship is not paid.

Between September 2011 and March 2012, the New York law firm Outten and Golden LLP,
filed three class action lawsuits against the Hearst Corporation, Fox Searchlight Pictures and
“Charlie Rose” on the behalf of separate clients who all worked as unpaid interns in accused
violation of the FLSA standards.

Outten and Golden own a website titled unpaidinternslawsuit.com, where it advertises seeking
potential clients who have worked as unpaid interns for Fox Searchlight, Hearst, or “Charlie
Rose” to join their cases.

Elizabeth Wagoner, an employment attorney for Outten and Golden who has worked on the
cases, said that corporations often defend their case by claiming that they are “training
programs” – an exception that has been upheld by the Supreme Court. Wagoner said that while
such exceptions have been upheld, if interns are performing work benefiting the company,
legally they should be considered employees and paid as such.

On the website dedicated to the lawsuits, the firm states that the practice of unpaid internships
“curtails opportunities for employment, fosters class divisions between those who can afford
to work for no wage and those who cannot, and indirectly contributes to rising unemployment.”

“The only people who will be able to work these professions will be those who can afford to
work for free,” Wagoner said.

According to a 2012 NACE survey of employers, those surveyed said they planned on
increasing summer intern positions by an average of 8.5 percent, most of which would be paid.

At Resources for Human Development Inc., a Philadelphia based non-profit specializing in

social services, Human Resource Director Roger Lenz helps oversee a paid internship program
that hires students from nearby colleges and universities to work paid internships conducting
research and shadowing employees in fields like political advocacy and children’s services.

During their internships, students are paid a $750 stipend per semester, mostly to pay for
commuting costs, Lenz said.

“We wish it could be more, but that’s all we can afford,” Lenz said. “We would feel guilty if
they didn’t make any money at all for this experience.”

Lenz said that while he has never hired unpaid interns, he believes students generally have a
desire to work hard regardless of how they are paid, but some students may be disadvantaged
by financial constraints.

9|Page
“I think that if it was not a paid internship…it would maybe discriminate against people at
lower socioeconomic levels,” Lenz said.

“We believe that there is kind of a two-way relationship here that advantages both sides, we do
get their innovation and we get their energy and we get their youth which really helps us,” Lenz
added. “At the same time, they’re getting valuable additions to their résumé that could give
them a competitive edge when they are ready to go out into the workplace.”

Allison Berger, a senior psychology major, completed a paid internship through Disney, where
she worked at a restaurant in the Magic Kingdom at Walt Disney World. Paid hourly for her
work as a server, Berger also received lodging at the park, which was deducted from her
paycheck.

“I started the internship not really knowing what I wanted to do with my life,” Berger said.
“That kind of led me to where I am now, and I really like the service industry.”

While at Disney, Berger said, she was able to take a leadership class, and other students had
the option of taking marketing classes in networking and résumé building for a small fee.

In addition, Berger said Disney offered team building exercises, volunteer opportunities and
extensive training for the internship job, which she said later helped her career opportunities in
subsequent restaurant jobs.

“I was hired just because I was trained in the Disney-way,” Berger said.

Berger said she received two premiums while working at Disney, and that the compensation
affected her ability to work the internship.

“I probably wouldn’t have done it if it weren’t compensated because I wouldn’t have had a
way to pay for my housing or pay for my food every week,” Berger said. “Definitely knowing
in the back of my head that I was getting paid…on those bad days it was kind of easier to justify
going into work.”

While sophomore entrepreneurship major Jason Gelman said he would have taken any
internship to help gain real work experience, the internship he landed at Temple Apartments
gave him a special company experience – so much so that he renamed the business. Gelman
said he was hired to what was then called Temple Apartments this semester after competing
for a marketing internship he saw posted on Craigslist.

Gelman and one other intern were put in charge of helping two landlords market and sell leases
to houses they own in the streets around Temple. For their work, Gelman and his partner both
received $700 commissions on the houses they leased.

In addition, Gelman and his partner set up a Facebook page for the company and developed a
new title: Urban Life Management.

“They said we could control the entire aspect of the business, they own the the properties so
they want someone to go out and market them and sell them,” Gelman said. “I really thought
it would be beneficial because I’m an entrepreneurship major.”

10 | P a g e
“It’s all on us, we’re getting what we put into it,” Gelman said about the commissions. “[Being
able to work a paid internship] gives you a different outlook, you’re working to the full extent
and in the future…that would definitely make it easier going into a job knowing that I’ve been
on a personal level with a company.”

For employers like Lenz, applicants for entry-level positions that have internship experience
are at a definite advantage in the hiring process. Lenz also said the connections interns build
with the company are a major factor that help them to later get hired over other applicants.

“The one thing that is very difficult to understand from someone’s history is how are they going
to work not just in this job, but how are they going to do in our [company’s] culture, it’s a big
intangible,” Lenz said.

11 | P a g e
 1.3 Article 3

Choosing between a paid and unpaid internship may seem like a no-brainer, but there are
several factors you should consider when making the decision. From your financial
circumstances to the type of experience you’re looking to gain, finding the right internship
should take into account both your current situation and your future goals.

Before we dive into the full list of things that may affect your decision, let’s cover the basics.
What’s the difference between a paid internship and an unpaid one? The answer seems pretty
simple: money. But it’s actually a bit more complicated than that. Unpaid internships need
to meet stricter standards than paid ones and are more likely to be eligible for college credit.
They are a great way to gain valuable hands-on experience that can be hard to come by in
school. Unpaid internships can also help you land a job and grow your professional network.
To find out more about credit requirements for your school and see how an internship meets
your financial and professional goals, set up a meeting with your advisor.

And if you’re ready to take a more in-depth look at other factors, we’ve come up with a list of
questions to help you narrow down your options.

1. What do you need to get out of the internship?

If you really need a summer job that pays, your focus should be on either a paid internship or
a non-internship opportunity. But if you have the resources to support yourself (or are able to
get another job in addition to your internship) an unpaid internship may offer some perks that
a paid one doesn’t. For example, many small companies don’t have the budgets to pay interns,
but sometimes they can offer a lot more hands-on experience than larger companies.

The key is to find out what opportunities the company is able to provide and to make the most
of them. Maybe you can set up weekly meetings with the leadership team or one-on-one
mentoring with a senior manager. Companies want interns who are motivated and enthusiastic,
and they’re usually excited to work with you to provide the kind of experience you want.

2. Which type of internship will be most helpful to your career path?

If you’re nearing the end of your time in college, chances are you’ve already had an internship
(or two) and you’re probably ready to take the next step towards your post-college career. In a
recent survey, the National Association of Colleges and Employers noted that 65.4% of seniors

12 | P a g e
who have paid internships on their resumes are more likely to get a job offer prior to graduation.
If you want a paid internship but haven’t found any options, we’ve got several paid
internships that might be right for you.

On the other hand, if you’re a freshman or sophomore and are looking to gain experience in a
specific field, you may consider unpaid internships that give you the chance to develop certain
skills and build your resume. The good news: You’re more likely to land a paid internship with
an unpaid internship under your belt.

3. Is there a possible future with the company?

One of the best things about internships (both paid and unpaid) is that they can lead to a full-
time job with a company. In fact, the promise of landing a full-time job is one of the main
reasons why students consider unpaid internships in the first place. The best way to find out if
the company you’re considering interning with has a history of hiring interns is to ask directly.
And if a company does frequently hire interns, they’ll usually tell you that during your
interview.

Choosing an internship is one of the most important decisions you can make during your time
in college, and having as much information as possible will help you pick the right one. The
key is to know what you want and work with potential employers to find the best fit. And if
you want more advice, don’t be afraid to reach out to former interns or employees who are
alums of your school. They’ll have the inside scoop on the companies you’re considering and
be able to tell you what they got out of the experience.

Next, get more career tips for internships and entry-level jobs such as How to Dress for a Job
Interview at a Bank and find answers to common interview questions such as What Gets You
Up in the Morning?

13 | P a g e
2.0 Data

14 | P a g e
3.0 Outline

ELC590
TEMPLATE:
PREPARATION OUTLINE
PERSUASIVE SPEECH

Student’s Name : NUR NASRIN BINTI ABDUL AZIZ

Matric Number : 2020455322
Faculty / Group : FSPU / AP229 1B
Lecturer’s Name : MISS NURAIN JANTAN ANUAR JAH

Speech Title : Paid or unpaid internship?

Organisational Pattern: Monroe’s Motivated Sequence
Visual Aid : Power point slides
General Purpose : To persuade
Specific Purpose : To persuade the audience to support the idea of interns to be paid
for their works
Central Idea : Being an internship is a wonderful opportunity before getting a
real job, but if the internship is unpaid, it does not.

Introduction

Attention

1. Interns today give a lot of their time and effort to the businesses and companies that
they internship for. However, it is very unpopular for employers to pay for the interns
for the work that they do.
I. It is very unpopular for employers to pay for the interns for the work that they
do. Many employers feel that paid internships are unnecessary and a waste of
money. Now, are they correct?
II. Almost everyone agrees that practical training students should be paid an
allowance during their training. On average, they think that allowances should
be given, and some even ask for it to be mandatory as students who undergo
practical training also need to pay the same expenses as common employees.
III. The interns and employers alike to take part in paid internships.

15 | P a g e
 2. The three main reasons for this :
I. The interns can gain more experience and confidence boost
II. Being that employers can benefit of compensation
III. The interns can create their “resume-building”

Body

Need

1. Before we continue with the benefits of this idea, let's look more closely at the issue
with unpaid internships
I. The interns will be more stress and financial constraints
• Not many students can afford to work for free, even if it is for a brief
period.
II. Self-esteem challenge to interns
• Working for free, on the other hand, can negatively impact a student’s
self-esteem.

Satisfaction

1. The interns can gain more experience and confidence boost

I. Money opens up avenues where none existed before
II. Your living expenses are taken care of, at the very least
2. Being that employers can benefit of compensation
I. Often an unpaid internship can make you feel like your time and work is not
worthy of being paid for, which can reduce your self-esteem further.
II. Wonders for your sense of self-worth and will motivate you to work harder to
continue to succeed in your career
3. The interns can create their “resume-building”
I. When you apply to work somewhere in the future, the employer will take you
seriously
II. Employers recognise how competitive paid internships are so will be impressed
by the fact that you managed to secure one.

16 | P a g e
 Visualization

Result

1. Paid internship is more benefit

I. According to a National Association of Colleges and Employers survey of
20,000 graduating seniors from the class of 2011.
II. 52.5 percent reported working internships during their college careers, of those,
52 percent were paid.
2. This is proof of a more comprehensive paid internship
I. According to the survey, 61 percent of students working paid internships in the
for-profit sector had job offers at the time of their graduation, compared to 38
percent of students who worked unpaid internships and one third of students
who had no internship experience.

Conclusion

1. As you can see, the paid of internships is more brings positive impacts to inters.
2. Choosing an internship is one of the most important decisions you can make during
your time in college, and having as much information as possible will help you pick the
right one.
3. The key is to know what you want and work with potential employers to find the best
fit.
4. Paid internships will provide a better experience for the interns. They'll provide a
stimulation of competition between the interns to secure the jobs and also could secure
a future employment with the company that they intern for now.
5. So this brings us to the question are paid internships unnecessary and a waste of money?
And the answer is no.

17 | P a g e
4.0 Presentation Slides

4.1

4.2

18 | P a g e
 4.3

4.4

19 | P a g e
 4.5

20 | P a g e
5.0 References

1. Paid Internships vs. Unpaid Internships. (2020, September 18). Retrieved January 18,
2021, from https://capital-placement.com/blog/paid-internships-vs-unpaid-internships/
2. Paid Internships vs. Unpaid Internships. (2020, September 18). Retrieved January 18,
2021, from https://capital-placement.com/blog/paid-internships-vs-unpaid-internships/
3. Paid vs. Unpaid Internships: How to Decide: Career Advice & Interview Tips:
WayUp Guide. (2018, June 29). Retrieved January 18, 2021, from
https://www.wayup.com/guide/paid-vs-unpaid-internships-decide/

21 | P a g e