Structure of Atom (Chemistry)

(Assignment – 3)
1. The triad of nuclei that is isotonic is:
(a) 14 15 17
6 C, 7 N, 9 F (b) 12 14 19
6 C, 7 N, 9 F (c) 14 14 17
6 C, 7 N, 9 F (d) 14
6 C, 14 19
7 N, 9 F

Ans. (a)
Sol. For Isotonic species, they should have equal number of neutrons.
C = 14 ­ 6 = 8
N = 15 ­ 7 = 8
F = 17 ­ 9 = 8
Number of neutrons = Mass number – atomic number
2. The ion that is isoelectronic with CO is :
(a) CN  (b) O 2 (c) O 2 (d) N 2
Ans. (a)
Sol. For Isoelectronic species, they should have equal number of electrons.
CO = 6 + 8 = 14
CN = 6 + 7 + 1 = 14
due to negative charge.
3. An isotone of 32Ge76 is
(i) 32Ge77 (ii) 33As77 (iii) 34Se77 (iv) 34Se78
(a) Only (i) and (ii) (b) Only (ii) and (iii)
(c) Only (ii) and (iv) (d) (ii), (iii), and (iv)
Ans. (c)
Sol. For Isotonic species, Number of neutrons should be same
32 Ge  76  32  44 33 As  77  33  44
76 77

76
32 Ge  77  32  45 78
34 Se  78  34  44
34 Ge77  77  34  43
4. Which of the following atoms and ions are isoelectronic i.e. have the same number of
electrons with the neon atom
(a) F– (b) Oxygen atom (c) Mg (d) N–
Ans. (a)
Sol. For isoelectronic species number of electrons should be equal
Ne = 10 F– = 9 + 1 = 10
0=8 Mg = 12
–
N =7+1=8
5. Which are isoelectronic with each other ?
(a) Na+ and Ne (b) K+ and O
(c) Ne and O (d) Na+ and K+
Ans. (a)
Sol. Isoelectronic means same number of electrons.
 Na+ and Ne will have 10e–.
6. Naturally occurring elements are mixtures of :
(a) isotone (b) isobars
(c) isotopes (d) isomers
Ans. (c)
Sol. Isotopes (same elements or atom have some atomic number but different mass number)
7. Li2+ and Be3+ are:
(a) isotopes (b) isomers
(c) isobars (d) isoelectronic
Ans. (d)
Sol. Li+2 will have 1 electron
Be3+ will also have 1 electron
8. How many of the following atoms/ions are isoelectronic with Ca2+ :
Ar, Na+, Mg2+, K+, Cl–, F–, S2–, N3–
(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 7
Ans. (a)
Sol. Ca+2 = 20 ­ 2 = 18 electrons

9. The mass number of three isotopes of an element are 11, 12, and 13 units. Their percentage
abundances are 80, 15, and 5, respectively. What is the atomic weight of the element ?
(a) 11.25 (b) 20 (c) 16 (d) 10
Ans. (a)
Sol. Atomic weight element