Iligan Capitol College

Mahayahay, Iligan City

College of Criminology

Fire Technology and Arson

Investigation
➢ Principles of Structural Fire Fighting
➢ Hose Appliances

Prepared by: Kiven M. Geonzon

Structural Fire Fighting
1. Initial Procedures
• Sounding the Alarm
- the crew member who discovers/receives the fire alarm
must sound the alarm promptly

• The crewman who sounds the alarm must be sure to give the
exact location of the fire and information regarding the type of
fire.
2. Fire Fighting Procedures/Strategy
• Size- up
- it is the evaluation and observation of the following:
➢ class of fire
➢ appropriate extinguishing agent to be used
➢ method of attack
➢ prevent the extension
➢ required manpower

• Attack
- the method of action to gain immediate control to prevent or
minimize the extension of fire to exposures.

Types of Attack
➢ Direct attack
➢ Indirect attack
➢ Combination of Direct and Indirect attack
Watch this demonstration for the
Methods of Attack
• Ventilation
- a method used for clearing the
building of smoke and gases, localize
the fire and reduce smoke.
Types of Ventilation

Vertical Ventilation Horizontal Ventilation

Mechanical/Forced Ventilation
• Exposures
- it is an action by the fire fighters to cover or secure
other building/s and people from exposing themselves near the
affected area or danger from fire.

• Extinguishment
- an action/method performed by fire fighters in putting
off the fire by means of extinguishing agent.

• Rescue
-any action taken by the fire fighter to remove occupants
from burning to a safety place.

• Overhaul
-a complete and detailed check of the structures and
materials involved in the fire to make sure that every spark and
ember has been extinguished.
• Salvage
-an action taken by the firefighter in preventing excessive
damage by fire, smoke and water with the use of a salvage cover
or by removing materials out from the burning building.

➢Salvage Cover
Hose Appliances
Valve/s- it controls the flow of water
• Ball valves – used in pumper discharges and gated wyes
• Gate valves – used to control the flow from a hydrant
• Butterfly valves – used on large pump intakes
Valve Devices- it increase or decrease the number of hoselines
operating at the fire ground

• Wye appliances - 1 female coupling and 2 or more male

couplings
• Siamese appliances - 2 or more female couplings and 1 male
coupling

Female coupling
Male coupling
Fitting/s- available for connecting hoses of different sizes and
threads
• Adapter- is a fitting for connecting hose couplings with
dissimilar threads but with the same inside diameter

➢ Double Male and Double Female Adapters

- used when couplings are of the same sex
• Reducer- is used to extend a larger hoseline by connecting a
smaller one to the end

• Elbows – change the direction of flow

• Hose caps – close off male couplings

• Hose plugs – close off female couplings

Intake Devices

• Suction Hose Strainers- are intake devices attached to the

drafting end of the hard suction used to keep debris from
entering the fire pump
to be continued…..