DATABASE

MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM I

Oracle Database
Introduction

Prepared By: Mr. JOURLAN BEN

ADVINCULA, Assistant Instructor
(IT-CS)
Overview
 Object-relational
database
management system

 Produced and marketed

by Oracle Corporation

 ByLarry Ellison, Bob

Miner and Ed Oates
Technical Timeline
1977
 LarryEllison and friends founded Software Development
Laboratories (SDL)
1978
 Oracle
Version 1, written in assembly language, runs on
PDP-11 under RSX, in 128K of memory.

 Oracle V1 is never officially released.

1979
 SDL changed its company-name to "Relational Software,
Inc." (RSI)

 Introducedits product Oracle V2 as an early relational

database system.
1979 (Cont’d)
 Often cited as the first commercially sold RDBMS.

 The version did not support transactions, but

implemented the basic SQL functionality of queries and
joins.
1982
 RSIin its turn changed its
name, becoming known as
"Oracle Corporation"
1983
 The company released Oracle version 3

 It had re-written using the C programming language

1983 (Cont’d)
 Supported COMMIT and ROLLBACK functionality for
transactions

 Version 3 extended platform support from the existing

Digital VAX/VMS systems to include Unix environments
1984
 Oracle Corporation released Oracle version 4,

 Supported read-consistency.

 In October it also released the first Oracle for the IBM PC.

1985
 Oracle Corporation released Oracle version 5

 Supported the client–server model

 Networks becoming more widely available in the mid-

1980s
1988
 Oracle RDBMS version 6 came out

 It support for PL/SQL, row-level locking and hot backups.

PL/SQL
 Oracle's procedural language extension for SQL

 Available in Oracle, TimesTen in-memory, and IBM DB2

1989
 Oracle
Corporation entered the application-products
market and developed its ERP product

 Later to become part of the Oracle E-Business Suite

 Based on the Oracle relational database

1990
 The release of Oracle Applications

 Oracle
Applications refers to the non-database and non-
middleware parts of Oracle's software portfolio.

 ERP, CRM, SCM, …

1992
 Oracle version 7 appeared

 Support for referential integrity, stored procedures and

triggers
1997
 Oracle Corporation released version 8

 Supported object-oriented development and multimedia

applications.
1999
 Release of Oracle8i

 Aimed to provide a database inter-operating better with

the Internet

 The i in the name stands for "Internet".

1999 (Cont’d)
Oracle8i database incorporated a native Java virtual
 The
machine

 Oracle JVM, also known as "Aurora"

2000
 OracleE-Business Suite 11i pioneers integrated enterprise
application software
2001
 Oracle9i went into release with 400 new features

 Support to read and write XML documents

2001 (Cont’d)
 Provided an option for Oracle RAC "Real Application
Clusters“

 computer-cluster database, as a replacement for the Oracle

Parallel Server (OPS) option.
Oracle RAC
 Provides software for clustering and high availability

 Allowsmultiple computers to run Oracle RDBMS

software simultaneously while accessing a single database

 Performance, scalability and resilience

2003
 Release Oracle Database 10g

 Supported regular expressions

 The g stands for "grid"

2006
 Oracle Corporation announces Unbreakable Linux

 Acquires i-flex
2007
 Oracle
10g r2 sets a new world record TPC-H 3000 GB
benchmark result

 OracleCorporation released Oracle Database 11g for Linux

and for Microsoft Windows
2008
 Oracle Corporation acquires BEA Systems
2010
 Oracle Corporation acquires Sun Microsystems.
2011
 Oracle Corporation acquires FatWire Software.
2011 (Cont’d)
 Oracle Corporation acquires Endeca Technologies Inc.
2013
 Rerelease Oracle Database 12c

 For Linux, Solaris and Windows

 The c stands for "cloud"

Current Versions & Editions
 12c Enterprise edition

 12c Standard edition

 12c Standard One edition

 12c Personal edition

 11g Express edition

Oracle Famous Users
 Yahoo !

 Amazon

 LinkedIn (also use MySQL)

Ranking (www.db-engines.com)
Some Features
Backup

 Cold Backup
 done with the database in a shutdown state
 provides a complete copy of the database

 Hot Backup
 taken while the database is active
 can only give a read-consistent copy
 doesn't handle active transactions
Programming API
 C++: Oracle C++ Call Interface (OCCI)

 Java: JDBC Driver (Customized)

 .NET: ODP.NET (optimized ADO.NET for Oracle)

 Python: cx_Oracle
Oracle Multitenant
Increase Server Utilization
Manage Many Database as One
Backup Many Databases as One
Provision Databases Rapidly
Move Database Rapidly
TimesTen In-
Memory Database
 Storesdata in
application tier main
memory

 No network latency or
disk I/O
In-Memory
Database Cache

 Enables db applications
to selectively cache
critical subsets of tables
into TimesTen In-
Memory Database
Installing Oracle Database
&
Creating a Database
Installation

 Oracle Universal Installer (OUI)

A graphical user interface utility that install new Oracle

Database software
Installation
Creating new Database
 Tools &
Environments
SQL Plus
 The most basic Oracle Database utility

A Basic command-line interface

 The first thing you work with it in Oracle DBMS

SQL Plus
Oracle Enterprise Manager (OEM or
EM)
 Set of web-based tools

 Manage software and hardware produced by Oracle

 HTTP or HTTPS
Oracle Enterprise Manager (OEM or
EM)
SQL Developer

 IDE for working with SQL in Oracle databases

 Use Java Development Kit

 Can connect to non-Oracle databases

 workswith IBM DB2, Microsoft SQL Server, MySQL,

Sybase, …
SQL Developer
SQL Developer