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EsNjE¶Þ ȖƼɴ ĨsNjĠ ǣŎ _sضŘ ƼNj ƼsŎضĨȖ
ĨsƼsŘǼÞضŘ_ŘĠsĠNjÞضĨsŎÞǼNjŘɴضŎsŘضŘÞƻNjŸ¶NjŎ
ƻsضsŎEضŘ ŘĨ ȕǣÞ ^ÞŘÞʳ ǢsĶÞŘ ÞǼȖ ĠȖ¶ _ÞĶĨȖĨŘ
ƼsŘŎEÌŘ ŎǼsNjÞ˚ŎǼsNjÞ ƼsŘɴȖĶȖÌŘ ǼsNjENjȖ ȖŘǼȖĨ
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ŎsŎEÞŘǼȖŎEȖÌĨsŎEضŘĨʳȕŘǼȖĨÞǼȖŎĨ_ÞǣȖǣȖŘĶÌ
EȖĨȖ Ƽs¶ضŘ ˆƻsŘŘŎŘ ŗÞĶÞ˚ŘÞĶÞ ħsǣ_NjŘ ËȖĨȖŎ
ǢsĠĨ^ÞŘÞ^ĶŎħsĶȖNj¶ˇʰEsĨsNjĠǣŎ_sضŘħsĠĨǣŘ
¶Ȗض NJsƼȖEĶÞĨ ÝŘ_ŸŘsǣÞʳ ^ÞÌNjƼĨŘ EȖĨȖ ÞŘÞ _ƼǼ
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ŎsضsŘĶÞÌȖĨȖŎ_ÞÝŘ_ŸŘsǣÞ¶NjǼsNjÌÞŘ_Nj_NjÞÌȖĨȖŎŘ
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_sضŘ ŎsŎsŘȖÌÞ ĨsEȖǼȖÌŘ
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ʹĨsEȖǼȖÌŘ ĨŘ ǣǼÞŎȖĶǣÞ
Ǽ Ȗ Ŏ E Ȗ Ì  Ĩ s Ŏ E  Ř ¶ ʺ ʰ   ǣ Þ Ì
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ĨŘEÞŸŎs_ÞǣʺʳħsEȖǼȖÌŘ_ǣNjȖŘǼȖĨƼsضsŎEضŘŘĨ
ȖǣÞ _ÞŘÞ ǼsNjǣsEȖǼ ÌsŘ_ĨŘɴ _ÞĶĨȖĨŘ ǣsONj ŎsŘɴsĶȖNjȖÌʰ
ǼsNjƼ_Ȗ_ŘEsNjĨsǣÞŘŎEȖضŘʳ

ǢĶÌ ǣǼȖ ȖƼɴ ɴض _ÞĶĨȖĨŘ ŸĶsÌ DħħDŗ ŎsضĠĨ

ŎǣɴNjĨǼ ȖŘǼȖĨ ŎsĶĨǣŘĨŘ ƼNjŸ¶NjŎ ƼsŎEÞŘŘ
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ŷNjضǼȖ ǼȖ ĨsĶȖNj¶ ɴض ŎsŎÞĶÞĨÞ EĶÞǼ ŎsNjȖƼĨŘ

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ʹ_sĶƼŘʺ  ¯ȖضǣÞ ĨsĶȖNj¶ ǣضǼ ƼsNjĶȖ _ÞǼsNjƼĨŘ _ĶŎ
ĨsÌÞ_ȖƼŘǣsÌNjÞ˚ÌNjÞʳǢĶÌǣǼȖ¯ȖضǣÞĨsĶȖNj¶ɴÞǼȖ¯ȖضǣÞ
ƼsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘʰ ŎsضŘ_Ȗض ƼsضsNjǼÞŘ EÌɠ ĨsĶȖNj¶
_ĶÌ ǼsŎƼǼ EsNjŘȖض ǼȖ EsNjĶÞŘ_Ȗض E¶Þ ǣsĶȖNjȖÌ
ض¶ŸǼŘɴʰ ǼsŎƼǼ ȖŘǼȖĨ ŎsŘȖŎEȖÌĨŘ Njǣ ŎŘ _Ř
ĨsÌضǼŘʳ ħsĶȖNj¶ ŎsĶÞŘ_ȖضÞ ǣsǼÞƼ ض¶ŸǼŘɴ _NjÞ
ǼÞŘ_ĨŘ ɴض ĨȖNjض EÞĨʰ ǣsÌÞض¶ ŎsNjǣ ŘɴŎŘ _Ř
ǼsNjĶÞŘ_Ȗض_NjÞÌĶ˚ÌĶɴضǼÞ_ĨŎsŘɴsŘضĨŘʳ

ŷĶsÌ ĨNjsŘ ÞǼȖʰ ȖŘǼȖĨ ŎsŘÞضĨǼĨŘ ƼsضsǼÌȖŘʰ

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ĨsĶȖNj¶ʰŎĨ_ÞǣȖǣȖŘĶÌEȖĨȖƼs¶ضŘˆƻsŘŘŎŘŗÞĶÞ˚
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ŎsNjȖƼĨŘ ĨsNjĠǣŎ DħħDŗ _sضŘ ħsĠĨǣŘ ¶Ȗض
NJsƼȖEĶÞĨÝŘ_ŸŘsǣÞʳ^sضŘǼsNjǣs_ÞŘɴEȖĨȖÞŘÞʰ_ÞÌNjƼĨŘ
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ƼsŘɴȖǣȖŘŘ EȖĨȖ ÞŘÞ ĨŎÞ ŎsضȖOƼĨŘ ǼsNjÞŎ ĨǣÞÌʳ
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^¯ǼNjÝǣÞ  ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ  ɮ
DEʳ Ýʳ ĵǼNjDsĶĨضʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ  ˠ
DEʳ ÝÝʳ ^sʩŘÞǣÞËȖĨȖŎ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ  ˣ
DEʳ ÝÝÝʳ ÝǣǼÞĶÌɳضǻsNjĨÞǼ^sضŘˀ^ĶŎħsĶȖNj¶ 
    ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ  ˦
DEʳ Ýəʳ ƻsضsNjǼÞŘ_Řħs_Ȗ_ȖĨŘŘĨ
ōsŘȖNjȖǼȕŘ_ض˚ȖŘ_ض ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ  ˠˠ
DEʳ əʳ ËĨ_ŘħsɠĠÞEŘŘĨ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ  ˠ˨
DEʳ əÝʳ ħsɠĠÞEŘ_Řǻض¶ȖضĠɠEǻsNjÌ_Ƽ
ŘĨʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ  ˡˤ
DEʳ əÝÝʳħsĨsNjǣŘ_ŘƻsŘÞŘ_ǣŘǼsNjÌ_ƼŘĨ ʳ ʳ ʳ  ˢˠ
DEʳ əÝÝÝʳǻÞŘ_ĨŘ_ŘǢŘĨǣÞǼǣħsĠÌǼŘ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ 
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ǢÞǣǼsŎƻsNj_ÞĶŘŘĨ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ ʳ  ˤˡ
DEʳ ɭʳ ĵضĨÌ˚ĶضĨÌȕŘǼȖĨōsضÌÞŘ_NjÞ
ƻsNjŎǣĶÌŘËȖĨȖŎǻsNjÌ_ƼŘĨ
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Ĩs_Ȗ_ȖĨŘ _Þ _ĶŎ ÌȖĨȖŎ  _Ř ŎsŘĠŎÞŘ ÌĨ
ǣǣÞ ŎŘȖǣÞ ÝŘ_ŸŘsǣÞ ǣsE¶ÞŎŘ ǼsNjOŘǼȖŎ _ĶŎ
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ŘĨɴضŎǣÞÌ_ĶŎĨŘ_ȖضŘ

ȕŘ_ض˚ȕŘ_ضŗŷʳˢˤǻÌȖŘˡ˟ˠˣǻsŘǼض
ƻsNjȖEÌŘǼǣȕȕŗŸʳˡˢǻÌȖŘˡ˟˟ˡǻsŘǼض
ƻsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘŘĨƻǣĶˠضĨˠ

ŘĨ _ĶÌ ǣsǣsŸNjض ɴض

E s Ķ Ȗ Ŏ  E s Nj Ȗ ǣ Þ   ˠ ˧  Ǽ  Ì Ȗ Ř ʰ
ǼsNjŎǣȖĨ ŘĨ ɴض ŎǣÞÌ
_ĶŎĨŘ_ȖضŘ

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ȕȕŗŸˢǻÌȖŘˠ˨˦˨ǼsŘǼضƻsض_ÞĶŘŘĨɳضǻsĶÌ
^Þ¶ŘǼÞ^sضŘȕŘ_ض˚ȕŘ_ضŗŸˠˠǻÌȖŘˡ˟ˠˡ
ǼsŘǼضǢÞǣǼsŎƻsNj_ÞĶŘƻÞ_ŘŘĨ

ŘĨɴضǼsĶÌEsNjȖŎȖNjˠˡǼÌȖŘǼsǼƼÞEsĶȖŎEsNjȖŎȖNjˠ˧
ǼÌȖŘʰ _Ř ŎsŎEs_ĨŘ ŘĨ ɴض ǼsNjĶÞEǼ _ĶŎ ǣȖǼȖ
ǼÞŘ_ĨƼÞ_Ř_ĶŎˢĨǼs¶ŸNjÞʲ
ʳ ƻǣĶ ˠ ضĨ ˢ _ÞǣsEȖǼĨŘ EÌɠŘĨ ɴض EsNjĨŸŘʪÞĨ
_sضŘ ÌȖĨȖŎʹŘĨʺ _ĶÌ ŘĨ ɴض _Þ_Ȗ¶
ŎsĶĨȖĨŘǼÞŘ_ĨƼÞ_Řʳ
EʳƻǣĶ ˠ ضĨ ˣ _ÞǣsEȖǼĨŘ EÌɠŘĨ ɴض ŎsŘĠ_Þ
ĨŸNjEŘ ǼÞŘ_Ĩ ƼÞ_ŘʹŘĨ ĨŸNjEŘʺ _ĶÌ ŘĨ ɴض
ŎsضĶŎÞ ƼsŘ_sNjÞǼŘ ʩǣÞĨʰ ŎsŘǼĶʰ _ŘˀǼȖ ĨsNjȖ¶ÞŘ
sĨŸŘŸŎÞɴض_ÞǣsEEĨŘŸĶsÌǼÞŘ_ĨƼÞ_Ř
Oʳ ƻǣĶˠضĨˤ_ÞǣsEȖǼĨŘEÌɠŘĨɴضŎsŘĠ_ÞǣĨǣÞ
ǼÞŘ_Ĩ ƼÞ_ŘʹŘĨ ǣĨǣÞʺ _ĶÌ ŘĨ ɴض _ƼǼ
ŎsŎEsNjÞĨŘ ĨsǼsNjضŘ ¶ȖŘ ĨsƼsŘǼÞضŘ ƼsŘɴÞ_ÞĨŘʰ
ƼsŘȖŘǼȖǼŘ _Ř ƼsŎsNjÞĨǣŘ _Þ ǣÞ_ض Ƽsض_ÞĶŘ
ǼsŘǼض ǣȖǼȖ ƼsNjĨNj ƼÞ_Ř ɴض _Þ_sضNjʰ _ÞĶÞÌǼʰ
_ŘˀǼȖ_ÞĶŎÞŘɴǣsŘ_ÞNjÞʳ

ȕŘ_ض˚ȖŘ_ضŗŸˡˢǻÌȖŘˡ˟˟ˣǼsŘǼض
ƻsضÌƼȖǣŘħsĨsNjǣŘ^ĶŎNJȖŎÌǻض¶ǼsNjǣÞNjǼ
_ĶŎƻǣĶˡɴǼˠ
EÌɠĶÞضĨȖƼNjȖŎÌǼض¶_ĶŎȖŘ_ض˚ȖŘ_ضǼsNjǣsEȖǼ
ŎsĶÞƼȖǼÞǣȖŎÞʰÞǣǼsNjÞʰ_ŘŘĨʹğ_ÞǼÞ_Ĩ_EǼǣŘȖŎȖNj
ŘĨʰ ǣsĶŎ ŘĨ ǼsNjǣsEȖǼ ŎǣÞÌ ŎsŘĠ_Þ ĶÞضĨȖƼ NjȖŎÌ
Ǽض¶ŎĨÞ_ÞǣsEȖǼŘĨʺ

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 ħs_Ȗ_ȖĨŘŘĨ

ȕȕŗŸʳˢˤǻÌȖŘˡ˟ˠˣǻsŘǼضƻsNjȖEÌŘǼǣȕȕŗŸʳˡˢ
ǻÌȖŘˡ˟˟ˡǻsŘǼضƻsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘŘĨƻǣĶˠ

ŘĨǻsNjĶŘǼNj_ĶÌŘĨɴضǼÞ_ĨǼsNjƼsŘȖÌÞ
ĨsEȖǼȖÌŘŘɴǣsONjɠĠNjʰEÞĨʩǣÞĨʰŎsŘǼĶʰ
ǣƼÞNjÞǼȖĶʰŎȖƼȖŘǣŸǣÞĶʳ

ŘĨ ƻsŘɴŘ_ض ^ÞǣEÞĶÞǼǣ _ĶÌ ŘĨ ɴض

ŎsŎÞĶÞĨÞĨsǼsNjEǼǣŘʩǣÞĨʰŎsŘǼĶʰÞŘǼsĶsĨǼȖĶʰǼȖ
ǣsŘǣŸNjÞĨ _ĶŎ ĠضĨ ɠĨǼȖ ĶŎ ɴض _ĶŎ
EsNjÞŘǼsNjĨǣÞ _sضŘ ĶÞضĨȖضŘ _Ř ǣÞĨƼ
ŎǣɴNjĨǼŘɴ _ƼǼ ŎsŘsŎȖÞ ÌŎEǼŘ ɴض
ŎsŘɴȖĶÞǼĨŘ ȖŘǼȖĨ EsNjƼNjǼÞǣÞƼǣÞ ƼsŘȖÌ _Ř s¯sĨǼÞ¯
EsNj_ǣNjĨŘĨsǣŎŘÌĨʳ

ŘĨ ɴض ōsŎÞĶÞĨÞ ħsȖض¶ȖĶŘ _ĶÌ ŘĨ ɴض

ŎsŎƼȖŘɴÞ ĨsOsNj_ǣŘ ĶȖNj EÞǣ ǼȖ ŎsŎÞĶÞĨÞ
ƼŸǼsŘǣÞ_ŘˀǼȖEĨǼÞǣǼÞŎsɠǼÞ_ĨǼsNjEǼǣƼ_
ĨsŎŎƼȖŘÞŘǼsĶsĨǼȖĶʰǼsǼƼÞĠȖ¶Ƽ_EÞ_ضĶÞŘʳ

ŘĨضĨǼ_ĶÌŘĨɴضÌĨŘɴ_ÞĶÞÌĨŘ_NjÞ
ĶÞضĨȖضŘ ĨsĨȖǣŘ ħsĶȖNj¶ ŷNjض ǻȖʰ ɟĶÞ
ɴضǣÌʰǼȖŸNjضĶÞŘɴضEsNjǼض¶ȖضĠɠE

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ǼsNjǣsEȖǼ Ĩs _ĶŎ ĶÞضĨȖضŘ ħsĶȖNj¶ ŷNjض ǻȖ
ضĨǼŘɴ EsNj_ǣNjĨŘ ƼȖǼȖǣŘ ǼȖ ƼsŘsǼƼŘ
Ƽsض_ÞĶŘʳ

ŘĨ ǣȖÌ _ĶÌ ŘĨ ɴض _ÞǣȖÌ ŸĶsÌ ǣsǣsŸNjض

ǼȖ ĶsŎE¶ ȖŘǼȖĨ _ÞEsNjÞĨŘ EÞŎEÞضŘʰ
ƼsŎsĶÞÌNjŘʰƼsNjɠǼŘʰƼsŘ_Þ_ÞĨŘʰ_ŘĨsǣsÌǼŘ
ĨNjsŘŷNjضǻȖŘɴǼȖǣĶÌǣǼȖŷNjضǻȖŘɴ
ǼÞ_Ĩ ŎŎƼȖ ŎsŘĠŎÞŘ ǼȖŎEȖÌ ĨsŎEض ŘĨ
ǣsONjɠĠNjʳ

DsNj_ǣNjĨŘħȕËƻsNj_Ǽ

ŘĨǣÌ
ɴÞǼȖ ŘĨ ɴض _ÞĶÌÞNjĨŘ
_ĶŎƼsNjĨɠÞŘŘʳ

ŘĨĵȖNjħɠÞŘ
ˠʳ ŘĨ ɴض _ÞĶÌÞNjĨŘ _Þ ĶȖNj
ƼsNjĨɠÞŘŘʰ ǼsǼƼÞ _ÞĨȖÞ ŸĶsÌ
ɴÌ ǼȖ ÞEȖŘɴʳ ʹƻsNjǼĶÞŘ
ĨsĨsĶȖNj¶ŘÞŘÞÌŘɴŎsضÞĨǼ
ŸNjضɴضŎsضĨȖÞŘĨÞǼȖʺʳ

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_ÞĨȖÞ ŸĶsÌ ɴÌŘɴ ŎȖƼȖŘ ÞEȖŘɴʳ ʹōsŘȖNjȖǼ
ÌȖĨȖŎǼÞ_ĨƼȖŘɴÞEȖʺʳ

ˢʳ ŘĨ ɴض _ÞĶÌÞNjĨŘ _Þ ĶȖNj ƼsNjĨɠÞŘŘ ɴض ǣÌ

ǼȖǣsEsĶȖŎˠ˧˟ÌNjÞ_NjÞƼsNjĨɠÞŘŘŸNjضǼȖŘɴ
_ÞǣsEȖǼ ŘĨ ĶȖNj ĨɠÞŘ ʹǼÞ_Ĩ ǣÌʺ Es¶ÞǼȖ ĠȖ¶
_sضŘ ŘĨ ɴض _ÞĶÌÞNjĨŘ ˢ˟˟ ÌNjÞ ǣsǼsĶÌ
ƼsNjĨɠÞŘŘEȖENj_ĶÌǼÞ_ĨǣÌʹƻǣĶˡˤˤħȕË
ƻsNj_Ǽʺʳ

ˣʳ ŘĨ ǢȖŎEض _ĶÌ

ŘĨ ĶȖNj ĨɠÞŘʰ ɴض
E  Ƽ  Ĩ  Þ E Ȗ Ř ɴ   Ǽ Þ _  Ĩ
E Ÿ Ķ s Ì  Ĩ  ɠ Þ Ř  Ĩ  Nj s Ř 
_ s Ĩ  Ǽ Ř ɴ   Ì Ȗ E Ȗ Ř ¶  Ř
_NjÌ

ˤʳ ŘĨ ʉÞŘ _ĶÌ ŘĨ

ĶȖNj ĨɠÞŘ ɴض EsNjǣĶ
_NjÞ ÌȖEȖضŘ ĶĨÞ˚ĶĨÞ
_ s Ř ¶  Ř  Ƽ s Nj s Ŏ Ƽ Ȗ  Ř
ɴض ǣĶÌ ǣǼȖ ǼȖ
Ĩ s _ Ȗ  Ř ɴ   Ǽ s Nj Þ Ĩ  Ǽ
ƼsNjĨɠÞŘŘ

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ƻǣĶˣˡ
ŘĨɴضǣÌ_ĶÌŘĨɴض_ÞĶÌÞNjĨŘ
_ĶŎǼȖǣsE¶ÞĨÞEǼƼsNjĨɠÞŘŘɴض
ǣÌʳ

ƻǣĶˣˢ
ˠʳŘĨɴض_ÞĶÌÞNjĨŘ_ÞĶȖNjƼsNjĨɠÞŘŘ
ÌŘɴ ŎsŎƼȖŘɴÞ ÌȖEȖضŘ ƼsNj_Ǽ
_sضŘÞEȖŘɴ_ŘĨsĶȖNj¶ÞEȖŘɴʳ

ˡʳħs_Ȗ_ȖĨŘŘĨǼsNjǣsEȖǼɴǼʹˠʺ_ÞǼǣ
ǣsĶŘĠȖǼŘɴ ĨŘ _ÞǼȖNj _ĶŎ ƻsNjǼȖNjŘ
ƻsŎsNjÞŘǼÌʳ

ŘĨǼÞNjÞ_ĶÌŘĨǣĶÌǣsŸNjضǣȖŎÞǼȖÞǣǼsNjÞ
ǣsE¶Þ ÌǣÞĶ ƼsNjĨɠÞŘŘŘɴ _sضŘ ÞǣǼsNjÞ ǼȖ
ǣȖŎÞŘɴ ɴض ǼsNj_ÌȖĶȖʳ ōÞǣĶŘɴʰ ŘĨ ǼÞNjÞ
ǣsŸNjض ɴÌʰ ÞĶÌ ŘĨ ÞǣǼsNjÞŘɴ ǣsE¶Þ ÌǣÞĶ
ƼsNjĨɠÞŘŘ ÞǣǼsNjÞŘɴ ÞǼȖ _sضŘ ǣȖŎÞŘɴ
ǼsNj_ÌȖĶȖʳ ŘĨ ǼÞNjÞ ǣsŸNjض ÞEȖʰ ÞĶÌ ŘĨ
ǣȖŎÞŘɴǣsE¶ÞÌǣÞĶÌǣÞĶƼsNjĨɠÞŘŘǣȖŎÞŘɴ
ÞǼȖ _sضŘ ÞǣǼsNjÞŘɴ ǼsNj_ÌȖĶȖ ʹōȖǣĶÞOÌ ōNjȖʊÞʰ
ˆƻŸĨŸĨ˚ƻŸĨŸĨÝĶŎȖɟNjÞǣˇʰÌĶʳ˧ˣʺʳ

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ħǣȖǣ ÞǣɴÌ ōŸOÌǼNj ĶÞǣ ōOÌÞO ōŸOÌǼNjɴض

ŎsضĠȖĨŘȖĠÞŎǼsNjÞĨsōÌĨŎÌħŸŘǣǼÞǼȖǣÞʹōħʺǼsŘǼض
ŘĨDÞŸĶŸ¶ÞǣɴضŎŘŎsض¶Ȗ¶ǼƻǣĶˡɴǼˡ_ŘƻǣĶ
ˣˢ ɴǼ ˠ ǼsŘǼض ŘĨ ɴض _ÞĶÌÞNjĨŘ _Þ ĶȖNj ƼsNjĨɠÞŘŘʰ
ÌŘɴ ŎsŎÞĶÞĨÞ ÌȖEȖضŘ ƼsNj_Ǽ ĨsƼ_ ÞEȖŘɴ _Ř
ĨsĶȖNj¶ÞEȖʳ

ƻȖǼȖǣŘ ōÌĨŎÌ ħŸŘǣǼÞǼȖǣÞ ŗŸŎŸNj ˣ˥ˀƻȕȕ˚əÝÝˀˡ˟ˠ˟

ǻض¶Ķˠˢ®sENjȖNjÞˡ˟ˠˡǻsNjĨÞǼħs_Ȗ_ȖĨŘËȖĨȖŎD¶Þ
ŘĨĵȖNjħɠÞŘ

ōsŘɴǼĨŘƻǣĶˣˢɴǼʹˠʺȕȕŗŸʳˠǻÌȖŘ
ˠ˨˦ˣǼsŘǼض ƻsNjĨɠÞŘŘ ˆŘĨ ɴض
_ Þ Ķ  Ì Þ Nj Ĩ  Ř  _ Þ  Ķ Ȗ  Nj  Ƽ s Nj Ĩ  ɠ Þ Ř  Ř  Ì  Ř ɴ 
ŎsŎƼȖŘɴÞÌȖEȖضŘƼsNj_Ǽ_sضŘÞEȖŘɴ
_ŘĨsĶȖNj¶ÞEȖŘɴˇ _ĶÌÞŘĨŸŘǣǼÞǼȖǣÞŸŘĶ
EsNjǣɴNjǼʳ

ɳضNjǼÞŘɴʲˆDÌɠŘĨɴض_ÞĶÌÞNjĨŘ_Þ
ĶȖNj ƼsNjĨɠÞŘŘ ŎsŎƼȖŘɴÞ ÌȖEȖضŘ
ƼsNj_Ǽ _sضŘ ÞEȖŘɴ _Ř ĨsĶȖNj¶ ÞEȖŘɴ
ǣsNjǼ_sضŘɴÌŘɴɴض_ƼǼ_ÞEȖĨǼÞĨŘ
EsNj_ǣNjĨŘÞĶŎȖƼsضsǼÌȖŘ_ŘǼsĨŘŸĶŸ¶Þ
_Ř ǼȖ ĶǼ EȖĨǼÞ ĶÞŘ ŎsŘȖNjȖǼ ÌȖĨȖŎ
ŎsŎƼȖŘɴÞ ÌȖEȖضŘ _NjÌʰ ǼsNjŎǣȖĨ
ÌȖEȖضŘƼsNj_Ǽ_sضŘĨsĶȖNj¶ɴÌŘɴʳˇ
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&;E>;H)?Q;DC<;HH;E

ËĨŘĨ

ȕȕŗŸʳˢˤǻÌȖŘˡ˟ˠˣǻsŘǼضƻsNjȖEÌŘǼǣȕȕŗŸʳˡˢ
ǻÌȖŘˡ˟˟ˡǻsŘǼضƻsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘŘĨ

ˠʳ ËĨ ȖŘǼȖĨ ÌÞ_ȖƼʰ ǼȖŎEȖÌʰ EsNjĨsŎEضʰ _Ř

EsNjƼNjǼÞǣÞƼǣÞǣsONjɠĠNjǣsǣȖÞ_sضŘÌNjĨǼ_Ř
Ŏ  Nj Ǽ  E  Ǽ  Ĩ s Ŏ  Ř Ȗ ǣ Þ   Ř ʰ  ǣ s Nj Ǽ   Ŏ s Ř _  Ƽ  Ǽ
ƼsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘ_NjÞĨsĨsNjǣŘ_Ř_ÞǣĨNjÞŎÞŘǣÞʳ
 ʹƻǣĶˣʺ
ˡʳ ËĨ Ǽǣ ǣȖǼȖ ŘŎ ǣsE¶Þ Þ_sŘǼÞǼǣ _Ř ǣǼǼȖǣ
ĨsɠNj¶Řs¶NjŘʳʹƻǣĶˤʺ
ˢʳ ËĨȖŘǼȖĨEsNjÞE_ÌŎsŘȖNjȖǼ¶ŎŘɴʰEsNjƼÞĨÞNjʰ
_Ř EsNjsĨǣƼNjsǣÞ ǣsǣȖÞ _sضŘ ǼÞضĨǼ ĨsOsNj_ǣŘ
_ŘȖǣÞŘɴʰ_ĶŎEÞŎEÞضŘŸNjضǼȖǼȖɠĶÞʳ
ʹƻǣĶ˥ʺ
ˣʳ ËĨ ȖŘǼȖĨ ŎsضsǼÌȖÞ ŸNjض ǼȖŘɴʰ _ÞEsǣNjĨŘʰ
_Ř _ÞǣȖÌ ŸĶsÌ ŸNjض ǼȖŘɴ ǣsŘ_ÞNjÞʳ ^ĶŎ ÌĶ
ĨNjsŘ ȖǼȖ ǣsEE ŸNjض ǼȖŘɴ ǼÞ_Ĩ _ƼǼ

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 ŎsŘĠŎÞŘǼȖŎEȖÌĨsŎEضŘĨʰǼȖŘĨ_ĶŎ
Ĩs_ŘǼsNjĶŘǼNjŎĨŘĨǼsNjǣsEȖǼEsNjÌĨ_ÞǣȖÌ
ǼȖ_ÞضĨǼǣsE¶ÞŘĨǣȖÌǼȖŘĨضĨǼ
ŸĶsÌŸNjضĶÞŘǣsǣȖÞ_sضŘƼsNjȕȕɴضEsNjĶĨȖʳ
ʹƻǣĶ˦ʺ
ˤʳ ËĨ ȖŘǼȖĨ ŎsŎƼsNjŸĶsÌ ƼsĶɴŘŘ ĨsǣsÌǼŘ _Ř
ĠŎÞŘŘ ǣŸǣÞĶ ǣsǣȖÞ _sضŘ ĨsEȖǼȖÌŘ ʩǣÞĨʰ
ŎsŘǼĶʰǣƼÞNjÞǼȖĶ_ŘǣŸǣÞĶʳʹƻǣĶ˧ʺ
˥ʳ ËĨ ŎsŎƼsNjŸĶsÌ ƼsŘ_Þ_ÞĨŘ ˓ ƼsضĠNjŘ _ĶŎ
NjضĨ ƼsضsŎEضŘ ƼNjÞE_ÞŘɴ _Ř ǼÞضĨǼ
ĨsOsNj_ǣŘŘɴǣsǣȖÞ_sضŘŎÞŘǼ_ŘEĨǼŘɴʰ
ÌĨ ŎsŘ_ƼǼĨŘ ƼsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘ _Þ ǣǼȖŘ
ƼsŘ_Þ_ÞĨŘ _NjÞ ĨsĠÌǼŘ ǣsĨǣȖĶ _Ř ĨsĨsNjǣŘ
ɴض_ÞĶĨȖĨŘŸĶsÌƼsŘ_Þ_ÞĨʰǼsضĨsƼsŘ_Þ_ÞĨŘʰ
ǣsǣŎ ƼsǣsNjǼ _Þ_ÞĨʰ _ŘˀǼȖ ƼÞÌĨ ĶÞŘŘɴ _Ř
E¶Þ ŘĨ ƼsŘɴŘ_ض OOǼ ĠȖ¶ EsNjÌĨ
ŎsŎƼsNjŸĶsÌƼsŘ_Þ_ÞĨŘĶȖNjEÞǣʰĠȖ¶E¶ÞŘĨ
ɴض ŎsŎÞĶÞĨÞ ĨsȖض¶ȖĶŘ ĠȖ¶ EsNjÌĨ ŎsŘ_ƼǼ
ƼsŘ_Þ_ÞĨŘĨÌȖǣȖǣʳʹƻǣĶ˨ʺ
˦ʳ ËĨ ŎsŘɴǼĨŘ _Ř _Þ_sضNj ƼsŘ_ƼǼŘɴʰ
ŎsŘsNjÞŎʰ ŎsŘONjÞ _Ř ŎsŎEsNjÞĨŘ ÞŘ¯ŸNjŎǣÞ
ǣsǣȖÞ_sضŘǼÞضĨǼĨsOsNj_ǣŘ_ŘȖǣÞŘɴ_sŎÞ
ƼsضsŎEضŘ _ÞNjÞŘɴ ǣsǣȖÞ _sضŘ ŘÞĶÞ˚ŘÞĶÞ
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ĶȖضʰ EsNj¶ȖĶ _sضŘ ŘĨ ǣsEɴŘɴʰ EsNjŎÞŘʰ
EsNjsĨNjsǣÞʰ_ŘEsNjĨNjsǣÞǣsǣȖÞ_sضŘŎÞŘǼʰEĨǼʰ
_Ř ǼÞضĨǼ ĨsOsNj_ǣŘŘɴ _sŎÞ ƼsضsŎEضŘ
_ÞNjÞʳʹƻǣĶˠˠʺ
ˠ˟ʳD  ¶ Þ   Ř  Ĩ  Ƽ s Ř ɴ  Ř _  Ř ¶  ^ Þ ǣ  E Þ Ķ Þ Ǽ  ǣ  E s Nj Ì  Ĩ
ŎsŎƼsNjŸĶsÌ NjsÌEÞĶÞǼǣÞʰ EŘǼȖŘ ǣŸǣÞĶʰ _Ř
ƼsŎsĶÞÌNjŘǼNj¯ĨsǣsĠÌǼsNjŘǣŸǣÞĶʳʹƻǣĶˠˡʺ
ˠˠʳËĨǼǣƼsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘ_NjÞƼsNjĶĨȖŘ_ÞǣĨNjÞŎÞŘǣÞʰ
sĨǣƼĶŸÞǼǣÞ EÞĨ sĨŸŘŸŎÞ ŎȖƼȖŘ ǣsĨǣȖĶʰ
Ƽ s Ř s Ķ  Ř Ǽ  Nj  Ř ʰ  Ĩ s Ĩ s Ġ  Ŏ  Ř ʰ  Ĩ s Ĩ s Nj  ǣ  Ř  _  Ř
ƼsضŘÞɴŘʰ ĨsǼÞ_Ĩ_ÞĶŘʰ _Ř ƼsNjĶĨȖŘ ǣĶÌ
ĶÞŘŘɴʳʹƻǣĶˠˢʺ
ˠˡʳËĨȖŘǼȖĨ_ÞǣȖÌŸĶsÌŸNjضǼȖŘɴǣsŘ_ÞNjÞʰĨsOȖĶÞ
ĠÞĨ _ ĶǣŘ _ŘˀǼȖ ǼȖNjŘ ÌȖĨȖŎ ɴض ǣÌ
ŎsŘȖŘĠȖĨĨŘ EÌɠ ƼsŎÞǣÌŘ ÞǼȖ _ĶÌ _sŎÞ
ĨsƼsŘǼÞضŘ ǼsNjEÞĨ E¶Þ ŘĨ _Ř ŎsNjȖƼĨŘ
ƼsNjǼÞŎEضŘǼsNjĨÌÞNjʰÌĨEsNjǼsŎȖĶضǣȖض_Ř
EsNjÌȖEȖضŘ ƼNjÞE_Þ ǣsONj ǼsǼƼ _sضŘ ŸNjض
ǼȖŘɴʰ ŎsŘ_ƼǼĨŘ ƼsضǣȖÌŘʰ ƼsŎsĶÞÌNjŘʰ
ƼsŘ_Þ_ÞĨŘ _Ř ƼsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘ _NjÞ ŸNjضǼȖŘɴ
ǣsǣȖÞ _sضŘ ĨsŎŎƼȖŘʰ EĨǼ _Ř ŎÞŘǼŘɴʰ
ŎsŎƼsNjŸĶsÌ ƼsŎEÞɴŘ ÌÞ_ȖƼ _Ř ŎsŎƼsNjŸĶsÌ
ÌĨĶÞŘŘɴʳʹƻǣĶˠˣʺ

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Ĩs¶ÞǼŘ ƼŸĶÞǼÞĨʰ ƼsĶÞEǼŘ _ĶŎ ǣsضĨsǼ
EsNjǣsŘĠǼʰ ƼsĶÞEǼŘ _ĶŎ ĨsNjȖǣȖÌŘ ǣŸǣÞĶʰ
ƼsĶÞEǼŘ_ĶŎƼsNjÞǣǼÞɠɴضŎsضŘ_ȖضȖŘǣȖNj
ĨsĨsNjǣŘʰ ƼsĶÞEǼŘ _ĶŎ ƼsƼsNjضŘ _Ř
ĨsĠÌǼŘǣsĨǣȖĶʳʹƻǣĶˠˤʺ
ˠˣʳËĨ ŎsŎƼsNjŸĶsÌ ƼsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘ _NjÞ ǣǣNjŘ
ƼsضŘÞɴŘʰ ƼsŘɴÞĨǣŘ ǼȖ ƼsŘĠǼȖÌŘ
ÌȖĨȖŎŘ ɴض ǼÞ_Ĩ ŎŘȖǣÞɠÞʰ ÌĨ ŎsŎƼsNjŸĶsÌ
ĨsEsEǣŘǣsǣȖÞ_sضŘÌȖĨȖŎ_ŘƼsŘضĨƼŘʰ
ƼsŘÌŘŘʰǼȖǼÞŘ_ĨƼÞ_ŘƼsŘĠNjŘĨÌŘɴ
_ÞĶĨȖĨŘ ǣsǣȖÞ ÌȖĨȖŎ ɴضEsNjĶĨȖ_Ř ǣsE¶Þ
ȖƼɴǼsNjĨÌÞNjʳʹƻǣĶˠ˥ʺ
ˠˤʳËĨ ȖŘǼȖĨ ŎsŘ_ƼǼ ƼsNjĶĨȖŘ ŎŘȖǣÞ _Ř
ƼsŘsŎƼǼŘŘɴ ǼsNjƼÞǣÌ _sضŘ ŸNjض _sɠǣʰ
ŎsŎƼsNjŸĶsÌEŘǼȖŘÌȖĨȖŎ_ŘEŘǼȖŘĶÞŘŘɴʰ
ŎsŎEsĶ_ÞNjÞ_ŘŎsŎƼsNjŸĶsÌĨs_ÞĶŘ_ÞƼsNj_ÞĶŘ
_Ř EsNjÌĨ _ÞNjÌǣÞĨŘ Þ_sŘǼÞǼǣ _ÞNjÞŘɴ ƼEÞĶ
ǼsNjĨÞǼ_sضŘŎǣĶÌÌȖĨȖŎʳʹƻǣĶˠ˦ʺ
ˠ˥ʳËĨ ŎsŘ_ƼǼĨŘ EŘǼȖŘ ÌȖĨȖŎ _Ř EŘǼȖŘ
ĶÞŘŘɴ ŘĨ ɴض ŎsŘĠ_Þ ĨŸNjEŘ ƼsĶĨȖ ǼÞŘ_Ĩ
ƼÞ_ŘʳʹƻǣĶˠ˧ʺ

ǢsĶÞŘŎsŎƼȖŘɴÞÌĨŘĨĠȖ¶ŎsŎƼȖŘɴÞǣȖǼȖ
ĨsɠĠÞEŘ_ŘÌNjȖǣ_ÞĶĨǣŘĨŘŸĶsÌŘĨǼsNjǣsEȖǼʳ

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ƻsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘŘĨ

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ˡʳ ōsŘOÞŘǼÞĨsĶȖNj¶ʰŎǣɴNjĨǼʰ_ŘŎsŘɴɴضÞ
ǼsŎŘ
ˢʳ ōsŘOÞŘǼÞǼŘÌÞNjʰEضǣ_Řŗs¶Nj
ˣʳ ōsŘȖŘÞĨŘÞE_ÌǣsǣȖÞ_sضŘĠNjŘ
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ȕȕŗŸʳˢˤǼÌȖŘˡ˟ˠˣǼsŘǼضƻsNjȖEÌŘǼǣȕȕŗŸʳˡˢ
ǼÌȖŘˡ˟˟ˡǼsŘǼضƻsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘŘĨ

˚ ƻǣĶˡ˟
ŗs¶Njʰ ƻsŎsNjÞŘǼÌʰ ƻsŎsNjÞŘǼÌ ^sNjÌʰ ōǣɴNjĨǼʰ
ħsĶȖNj¶ʰ_ŘŷNjضǻȖǼȖɟĶÞEsNjĨsɠĠÞEŘ_ŘEsNj˚
Ǽض¶ȖضĠɠEǼsNjÌ_ƼƼsŘɴsĶsض¶NjŘƻsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘ
ŘĨʳ

˚ ƻǣĶˡˠ
 ħsɠĠÞEŘ_Řǻض¶ȖضĠɠEŗs¶NjʰƻsŎsNjÞŘǼÌ_Ř
ƻsŎsNjÞŘǼÌ EsNjĨsɠĠÞEŘ _Ř EsNjǼض¶Ȗض ĠɠE
ŎsŘ¶ÌŸNjŎǼÞ_ŘŎsŘĠŎÞŘÌĨǣǣÞǣsǼÞƼŘĨǼŘƼ
ŎsŎEs_ĨŘǣȖĨȖʰ¶ŎʰNjǣʰ¶ŸĶŸŘ¶ŘʰĠsŘÞǣĨsĶŎÞŘʰ
sǼŘÞĨʰ EȖ_ɴ _Ř EÌǣʰ ǣǼǼȖǣ ÌȖĨȖŎ ŘĨʰ ȖNjȖǼŘ
ĨsĶÌÞNjŘŘĨʰ_ŘĨŸŘ_ÞǣÞʩǣĨ_ŘˀǼȖŎsŘǼĶʳŗs¶Nj
EsNjĨsɠĠÞEŘ ȖŘǼȖĨ ŎsŎsŘȖÌÞʰ ŎsĶÞŘ_ȖضÞ _Ř
ŎsŘ¶ÌŸNjŎǼÞ ËĨ ŘĨʳ ƻsŎsNjÞŘǼÌ EsNjĨsɠĠÞEŘ _Ř
E s Nj Ǽ  Ř ¶ ¶ Ȗ Ř ¶  Ġ  ɠ  E  _  Ķ  Ŏ  Ŏ s Nj Ȗ Ŏ Ȗ ǣ Ĩ  Ř  _  Ř
ŎsĶĨǣŘĨŘ ĨsEÞĠĨŘ _Þ EÞ_ض ƼsŘɴsĶsض¶NjŘ
ƻsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘŘĨʳ
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 ˆŗs¶Nj_ŘƻsŎsNjÞŘǼÌEsNjĨsɠĠÞEŘ_ŘEsNjǼض¶Ȗض
ĠɠE ŎsŎEsNjÞĨŘ _ȖĨȖضŘ ǣNjŘʰ ƼNjǣNjŘʰ _Ř
Ĩ s Ǽ s Nj ǣ s _ Þ   Ř  ǣ Ȗ Ŏ E s Nj  _  ɴ   Ŏ  Ř Ȗ ǣ Þ   _  Ķ  Ŏ
ƼsŘɴsĶsض¶NjŘƼsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘŘĨʳˇ

˚ ƻǣĶˡˢɴǼʹˠʺ˓ʹˡʺ
 ˆʳʳʳ ŎsŘĠŎÞŘ ƼsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘʰ ƼsŎsĶÞÌNjŘʰ _Ř
ĨsǣsĠÌǼsNjŘ ŘĨ _sضŘ ŎsŎƼsNjÌǼÞĨŘ ÌĨ _Ř
ĨsɠĠÞEŘ ŸNjض ǼȖʰ ɠĶÞ ǼȖ ŸNjض ĶÞŘ ɴض ǣsONj
ÌȖĨȖŎ EsNjǼض¶Ȗض ĠɠE ǼsNjÌ_Ƽ ŘĨ ǣsNjǼ
ŎsضɠǣÞƼsŘɴsĶsض¶NjŘƻsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘŘĨʳˇ

˚ ƻǣĶˡˣ
 ˆʳʳʳʳŎsŘĠŎÞŘŘĨȖŘǼȖĨŎsŎƼsNj¶ȖŘĨŘÌĨŘɴ_ĶŎ
ŎsŘɴŎƼÞĨŘƼsŘ_ƼǼǣsǣȖÞ_sضŘȖǣÞ_ŘǼÞضĨǼ
ĨsOsNj_ǣŘŘĨˇ

˚ ƻǣĶˡˤɴǼʹˠʺ˓ʹˡʺ
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ƼsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘŘĨ_ĶŎƼsŘɴsĶsض¶NjŘƻsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘ
ŘĨ ǣsNjǼ ŎsĶÞEǼĨŘ ŸNj¶ŘÞǣǣÞ ĨsŎǣɴNjĨǼŘʰ
Ĩ_sŎÞǣÞ_ŘƼsŎsNjÌǼÞŘĨʳˇ

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ȕŘ_ض˚ȕŘ_ضƻsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘŘĨ

ƻǣĶˡ˥
ŷNjضǼȖEsNjĨsɠĠÞEŘ_ŘEsNjǼض¶ȖضĠɠEȖŘǼȖĨʲ
ʳ ōsضǣȖÌʰŎsŎsĶÞÌNjʰŎsŘ_Þ_ÞĨ_ŘŎsĶÞŘ_ȖضÞ
ŘĨʲ
Eʳ ōsŘȖŎEȖÌ ĨsŎEضĨŘ ŘĨ ǣsǣȖÞ _sضŘ
ĨsŎŎƼȖŘʰEĨǼ_ŘŎÞŘǼŘɴʱ
Oʳ ōsŘOs¶Ì ǼsNjĠ_ÞŘɴ ƼsNjĨɠÞŘŘ Ƽ_ ȖǣÞ ŘĨʱ
_Ř
_ʳ ōsŎEsNjÞĨŘƼsŘ_Þ_ÞĨŘĨNjĨǼsNj_ŘƼsŘŘŎŘ
ŘÞĶÞEȖ_ÞƼsĨsNjǼÞƼ_ŘĨʳ
^ĶŎ ÌĶ ŸNjض ǼȖ ǼÞ_Ĩ _ʰ ǼȖ ǼÞ_Ĩ _ÞĨsǼÌȖÞ
ĨsEsNj_ŘŘɴʰ ǼȖ ĨNjsŘ ǣȖǼȖ ǣsEE ǼÞ_Ĩ _ƼǼ
ŎsĶĨǣŘĨŘ ĨsɠĠÞEŘ _Ř Ǽض¶Ȗض ĠɠEŘɴʰ
ǣsE¶ÞŎŘ _ÞŎĨǣȖ_ Ƽ_ ƻǣĶ ˡ˥ ɴǼ ʹˠʺ _ƼǼ
EsNjĶÞÌ ĨsƼ_ ħsĶȖNj¶ʰ ɴض _ÞĶĨǣŘĨŘ ǣsǣȖÞ
_sضŘĨsǼsŘǼȖŘƼsNjǼȖNjŘƼsNjȖŘ_ض˚ȖŘ_ضŘʳ

ƻǣĶˢˢ
ˆ^ĶŎÌĶŷNjضǼȖ_ŘħsĶȖNj¶ŘĨǼÞ_Ĩ_ƼǼ
ŎsĶĨǣŘĨŘ ĨsɠĠÞEŘ _Ř Ǽض¶Ȗض ĠɠE
ǣsE¶ÞŎŘ _ÞŎĨǣȖ_ _ĶŎ ƻǣĶ ˡ˥ʰ ǣsǣsŸNjض
ǼȖE_ŘÌȖĨȖŎɴضŎsŎsŘȖÌÞƼsNjǣɴNjǼŘ_ƼǼ
_ÞǼȖŘĠȖĨǣsE¶ÞɟĶÞ_NjÞŘĨɴضEsNjǣضĨȖǼŘʳˇ

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ŗŸˠǻÌȖŘˠ˨˦ˣǼsŘǼضƻsNjĨɠÞŘŘ

ƻǣĶˣˤ
ɴǼʹˠʺ_ÞǣsEȖǼĨءĨs_ȖŸNjضǼȖɠĠÞEŎsŎsĶÞÌNj
_ŘŎsŘ_Þ_ÞĨŘĨ˚ŘĨŎsNjsĨǣsEÞĨ˚EÞĨŘɴˇʳ

ɴǼ ʹˡʺ ŎsŘɴsEȖǼĨŘ ˇĨsɠĠÞEŘ ŸNjض ǼȖ ɴض

_ÞŎĨǣȖ__ĶŎɴǼʹˠʺƻǣĶÞŘÞEsNjĶĨȖǣŎƼÞŘĨ
ÞǼȖ ĨɠÞŘ ǼȖ _ƼǼ EsNj_ÞNjÞ ǣsŘ_ÞNjÞʰ ĨsɠĠÞEŘ ŎŘ
EsNjĶĨȖǼsNjȖǣŎsǣĨÞƼȖŘƼsNjĨɠÞŘŘŘǼNjĨs_ȖŸNjض
ǼȖƼȖǼȖǣˇʳ

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ŘĨ_ƼǼ_ÞĠsĶǣĨŘǣsE¶ÞEsNjÞĨȖǼʲ
ˠ ōsŎEsNjÞĨŘƼsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘʱ
ˡ ōsŎEsNjÞĨŘƼsŘ_Þ_ÞĨŘʱ
ˢ ō s ɠ  Ĩ Þ Ķ Þ   Ř  Ĩ  _  Ķ  Ŏ  ǣ s ¶  Ķ 
ƼsNjEȖǼŘ ÌȖĨȖŎ E¶Þ ɴض
ȖŎȖNjŘɴ _sĶƼŘ EsĶǣ ǼÌȖŘ
ĨsEɠÌ _Ř EsĶȖŎ ƼsNjŘÌ
ĨɠÞŘʱ
ˣ ōsŎEsNjÞĨŘEÞɴ
ƼsŎsĶÞÌNjŘŘĨ
ɠĶȖƼȖŘĨsĨȖǣŘ
ŸNjضǼȖǼsĶÌ_ÞOEȖǼʳ
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ŘĨɠĠÞEŎsŘ¶ÌŸNjŎǼÞŸNjضǼȖ_ŘŎsŘǼǼÞ
ĨsÌsŘ_ĨŎsNjsĨɴضEÞĨʳ
ğÞĨ ŘĨ ǼsĶÌ _sɠǣʰ Þ ɠĠÞE ŎsŎsĶÞÌNj ŎsŘȖNjȖǼ
ĨsŎŎƼȖŘŘɴʰ ŸNjض ǼȖ _Ř ĨsĶȖNj¶ _ĶŎ ¶NjÞǣ
ĶȖNjȖǣĨsǼǣʰEÞĶŎsNjsĨÞǼȖŎsŎsNjĶȖĨŘEŘǼȖŘŘɴʳ

ƻǣĶˣ˦
ŘĨ ɴض EsĶȖŎ ŎsŘOƼÞ ȖŎȖNj ˠ˧ ʹ_sĶƼŘ EsĶǣʺ
ǼÌȖŘǼȖEsĶȖŎƼsNjŘÌŎsĶضǣȖضĨŘƼsNjĨɠÞŘŘ
__ÞEɠÌĨsĨȖǣŘŸNjضǼȖŘɴǣsĶŎŎsNjsĨ
ǼÞ_Ĩ_ÞOEȖǼ_NjÞĨsĨȖǣŘŘɴʲ
ŷNjض ǼȖ ŎsɠĨÞĶÞ ŘĨ ǼsNjǣsEȖǼ ŎsضsŘÞ ǣs¶Ķ
ƼsNjEȖǼŘÌȖĨȖŎ_Þ_ĶŎ_Ř_ÞĶȖNjƻsض_ÞĶŘʳ

ƻǣĶˣ˧
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Ŏsض¶_ÞĨŘ ENjض˚ENjض ǼsǼƼ ɴض _ÞŎÞĶÞĨÞ
ŘĨŘɴɴضEsĶȖŎEsNjȖŎȖNjˠ˧ʹ_sĶƼŘEsĶǣʺǼÌȖŘ
ǼȖEsĶȖŎƼsNjŘÌŎsĶضǣȖضĨŘƼsNjĨɠÞŘŘʰĨsOȖĶÞ
ƼEÞĶĨsƼsŘǼÞضŘŘĨÞǼȖŎsضÌsŘ_ĨÞŘɴʳ

ƻǣĶˣ˨
ǢĶÌ ǣsŸNjضˀĨs_Ȗ ŸNjض ǼȖ _ƼǼ _ÞOEȖǼ
ĨsĨȖǣŘŘɴǼsNjÌ_ƼǣsŸNjضŘĨǼȖĶsEÞÌȖŘǼȖĨ

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ĶÞŘʰĨsĶȖNj¶ŘĨ_ĶŎ¶NjÞǣĶȖNjȖǣĨsǼǣ_ŘǣȖ_Nj
ĨŘ_ȖضɴضǼsĶÌ_sɠǣˀƼsĠEǼɴضEsNjɠsŘضʰ
_sضŘĨsƼȖǼȖǣŘƻsض_ÞĶŘ_ĶŎÌĶ˚ÌĶʲ
ʹˠʺ Ý ǣضǼ ŎsĶĶÞĨŘ ĨsɠĠÞEŘŘɴ ǼsNjÌ_Ƽ
ŘĨŘɴEsNjĨsĶĨȖŘEȖNjȖĨǣsĨĶÞ
ʹˡʺōsǣĨÞƼȖŘŸNjضǼȖ_ÞOEȖǼĨsĨȖǣŘŘɴʰŎsNjsĨ
ŎǣÞÌ ǼsǼƼ EsNjĨsɠĠÞEŘ ȖŘǼȖĨ ŎsŎEsNjÞ EÞɴ
ƼsŎsĶÞÌNjŘĨsƼ_ŘĨǼsNjǣsEȖǼʳ

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ħsĨsNjǣŘ

DÌɠ_ĶŎĨsÌÞ_ȖƼŘǣsÌNjÞ˚ÌNjÞƼ_ǣǼÞŘÞǣضǼ
ŎsŎƼNjÞÌǼÞŘĨŘ D¶Þ ĨÞǼ ǣsŎȖ _ÞŎŘ ŘĨ˚ŘĨ
ǣsĨNjض ÞŘÞ ŎĨÞŘ ǣsNjÞض ǼsNjĠ_ÞŘɴ ĨsĨsNjǣŘʰ
ĨsĠÌǼŘ_ŘĨNjÞŎÞŘĶÞǣǣÞǼsNjÌ_ƼŘĨɴضŎsŘĠ_Þ
ĨŸNjEŘŘɴʳ ŘĨ ǣsE¶Þ ĨŸNjEŘ ŎsŘ_ƼǼĨŘ
ƼsNjĶĨȖŘŎȖĶÞ_NjÞƼsNjĶĨȖŘǼÞ_ĨǣsŘŸŘŸÌǣŎƼÞ
ƼsNjĶĨȖŘɴضǣضǼĨsĠÞ_NjÞŸNjض_sɠǣEÞĨÞǼȖ
_ĶŎĶÞضĨȖضŘNjȖŎÌǼض¶ŎȖƼȖŘ_ÞĶÞضĨȖضŘ
ŎǣɴNjĨǼʳ

^ĶŎ ĨsÌÞ_ȖƼŘ ǣǼ ÞŘÞ EŘɴĨ ĨsĠ_ÞŘ˚ĨsĠ_ÞŘ

ɴض _ÞĶŎÞ _Ř _Þ_sNjÞǼ ŸĶsÌ ŘĨ˚ŘĨ ŎȖĶÞ
ĨsĨsNjǣŘʰ ĨsĠÌǼŘ _Ř ĨNjÞŎÞŘĶÞǣǣÞ ÌÞض¶
_ÞǣĨNjÞŎÞŘǣÞʰ ȖŘǼȖĨ ÞǼȖ ƼsNjĶȖ ĨÞNjŘɴ ĨÞǼ ŎsĶÞŘ_ȖضÞ
ŘĨ˚ŘĨ _NjÞ ĨsĨsNjǣŘʰ ĨsĠÌǼŘ _Ř ĨNjÞŎÞŘĶÞǣǣÞ
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ƻsŎsNjÞŘǼÌ ƻȖǣǼ _Ř ^sNjÌʰ ōǣɴNjĨǼʰ ħsĶȖNj¶
_Ř ŷNjض ǼȖ ȖŘǼȖĨ ŎsĶĨǣŘĨŘ ƻsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘ
ǼsNjÌ_ƼŘĨʳ

ǢsǼÞƼ ŘĨ ǣsĶŎ _ĶŎ ƼsضɠǣŘ ŸNjŘǼȖʰ ɠĶÞʰ

ǼȖƼÞÌĨĶÞŘŎŘƼȖŘɴضEsNjǼض¶ȖضĠɠEǼǣ
ƼsضǣȖÌŘʰ EsNjÌĨ ŎsŘ_ƼǼ ƼsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘ _NjÞ
ƼsNjĶĨȖŘʲ

ʳ^ÞǣĨNjÞŎÞŘǣÞ
EʳrĨǣƼĶŸÞǼǣÞʰEÞĨsĨŸŘŸŎÞŎȖƼȖŘǣsĨǣȖĶ
OʳƻsŘsĶŘǼNjŘ
_ʳħsĨsĠŎŘʰħsĨsNjǣŘǼȖƻsضŘÞɴŘ
sʳħsǼÞ_Ĩ_ÞĶŘ_Ř
¯ʳƻsNjĶĨȖŘǣĶÌĶÞŘŘɴ

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˚ ħsĨsNjǣŘǣsONj®ÞǣÞĨʹƻÌɴǣÞOĶEȖǣsʺ

˚ ħsĨsNjǣŘƻǣÞĨÞǣˀrŎŸǣÞʹƻǣɴOÌŸĶŸ¶ÞOĶˀrŎŸǼÞŸŘĶ
EȖǣsʺ

˚ ħsĨsNjǣŘǢsĨǣȖĶʹǢsɮȖĶEȖǣsʺ

˚ ƻsضEÞŘǼsNjÌ_ƼŘĨʹNÌÞĶ_ŗs¶ĶsOǼʺ

NŷŗǻŷËħrħrNJǢŗ®ÝǢÝħ

ƻǣȖǼNjÞ_ÞDŸ¶ŸNjŘÞɴŘĨǣsŘ_ÞNjÞÌÞض¶ŎsŘÞض¶Ķ
ʹOÌŎ_ ǢȖ_NjŘŸˀĵÞƼȖǼŘ˥ʳOŸŎʺ ǢȖNjŘÞ ƻȖNjÞ ʹˡˤʺ _Ř
ÌǣÞɚsÞʹˡ˦ʺʰƼǣضŘǣȖŎÞÞǣǼNjÞ_ÞDŸ¶ŸNjʰğɠDNjǼʰ
ɴضǼs¶ŎsŘɴÞĨǣŘĨŘɴǣsŘ_ÞNjÞÌÞض¶
Ǽsɠǣ ŎsضĨȖ ǣ_Nj ǣǼ ŎsضŘÞɴ
ŘĨŘɴʰɳsŸĶµÌÞŗÞOÌÞNj_ŸʹˢʺʳÌǣÞɚsÞ
ʹˡ˦ʺʰɴÌĨŸNjEŘʰŎsضĨȖĨÌÞĶ¯_ŘĨÞŘÞ
ŎsŘɴsǣĶ ǼsĶÌ ŎsضÌÞĶضĨŘ Řɴɠ
ŘĨǣsŎǼɠɴضŘɴÞǼȖʳ

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ħÞǣÌǢs_ÞÌDŸOÌ˧ǻÌȖŘ^ÞȖǣÞNj_Ř^ÞŘÞɴɴÌ
ħŘ_Ȗض

əÞɚʳOŸʳÞ_˚ȕǣÞ^ŎsŎضENjȖ˧ǼÌȖŘʳŗŎȖŘʰ_ÞǣȖ_Ì
ŎsNjǣĨŘ ŎsŘĠ_Þ ǼȖŘɠÞǣŎʳ ǢsĠĨ sŘŎ EȖĶŘ ĶĶȖʰ _Þ
_ÞȖǣÞNj ŸĶsÌ ŸNjض ǼȖ ĨŘ_ȖضŘɴʳ ǢsĠĨ ǼsNjȖǣÞNj _NjÞ NjȖŎÌ
ŸNjضǼȖŘɴ ÞǼȖ _Þ ǼsNjƼĨǣ ǣsŸNjض _ÞNjÞ ǼÞ_ȖNj _Þ ƼŸǣ
ĨsŎŘŘ ǣsNjǼ EsNjƼÞŘ_Ì˚ƼÞŘ_Ì Ĩs NjȖŎÌ ǼsǼض¶Řɴʳ
ǻĨ ĠsĶǣ Ƽ ĶǣŘ _Ř ŎŸǼÞ¯ ŸNjضǼȖ ^ʰ ǣsضĠ
ŎsŘsĶŘǼNjĨŘ ŘĨŘɴʳ rŎƼǼ ǣȖ_Nj ^ ɴض EsNjĠsŘÞǣ
ĨsĶŎÞŘƼsNjsŎƼȖŘĠȖ¶ÌNjȖǣŎsŘ_sNjÞǼĨNjsŘ_ÞĨȖNjȖض_Þ
_ĶŎ NjȖŎÌʳ ȕǣÞŘɴ ŎȖĶÞ _NjÞ sŎƼǼ ÌÞض¶ ˠˡ ǼÌȖŘʳ
ǢsĶÞŘ ^ʰ sŎƼǼ ǣȖ_Nj ƼsNjsŎƼȖŘŘɴ ɴĨŘÞ ĨĨĨ _Ř
_ÞĨŘɴƼȖŘ_ÞǼsĶŘǼNjĨŘÌŘɴǣĠEsNj__Þ_ĶŎNjȖŎÌʳ
ħsĶÞŎŘĨǼsNjǣsEȖǼEsNjÞŘÞǣÞĶĵʹˠ˟ʺʰNʹˠ˟ʺʰʹˤʺʰǣsNjǼ^ŗʹˣʺʳ
ƻǣضŘ ǣȖŎÞ ÞǣǼNjÞ ĨsĠŎ ÞǼȖ ĨÌÞNjŘɴ ÌNjȖǣ EsNjȖNjȖǣŘ
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_sضŘ ƻǣĶ ˦˦ Eʰ _sضŘ ŘOŎŘ ÌȖĨȖŎŘ ĶÞŎ ǼÌȖŘ
ƼsŘĠNj_Ř_sŘ_NJƼˠ˟˟ĠȖǼʳ
^Ȗ¶Ř ĨǣȖǣ ĨsĨsNjǣŘ ɴض _ÞĶĨȖĨŘ ȕǼŸŎŸʰ ɴÌ
ƼsOŘ_Ȗ ĶĨŸÌŸĶ ǼsNjÌ_Ƽ ĶÞŎ ŘĨŘɴʳ ɴÌ ĶÞŎ ŘĨ
ǼsNjǣsEȖǼǣsŸNjض_ŸǣsŘ_sضضsĶNjǢˡǻsĨŘÞĨ_ŘÞEȖŘɴ
ǣsŸNjضĶȖĶȖǣŘǢNjĠŘrĨŸŘŸŎÞʳˆǢضŘĨÌNjȖǣǣs¶sNj_Þ
EsNjÞ ƼsŘ_ŎƼÞضŘʰ ƼǣÞĨÞǣ _Ř ƼǣÞĨŸĶŸ¶Þ ŘĨ ǼsNj¶ض¶Ȗ
ĨNjsŘǼNjȖŎʰ˃ȖĠNjŘɴʳ

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ˠ˥¶ȖǣǼȖǣˡ˟ˠ˥
®ğNJʳNŷʳÝ^ʰ
Drŗµħȕĵȕ˛ ƻNjŸɚÞŘǣÞ DsضĨȖĶȖ _NjȖNjǼ ĨsĨsNjǣŘ
ǣsĨǣȖĶǼsNjÌ_ƼŘĨʳǻsNjEȖĨǼÞ_ĶŎǣsƼsĨŘÞŘÞǣĠ
ǣȖ_Ì _ ǼÞ¶ ĨǣȖǣ ɴض ŎsŘOȖǼʳ ǢsǼsĶÌ ĨǣȖǣ
ƼsŎsNjĨŸǣŘɳȖɴȖŘɴضŎsض¶sŎƼNjĨŘƼȖEĶÞĨʰĨĶÞ
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EɠÌĶÞŎǼÌȖŘʹDĶÞǼʺEsNjÞŘÞǣÞĶÝŗʹˣʺʳƻsĶĨȖŘɴğȖ
ʹˢˢʺʰ ɠNj¶ ^ȖǣȖŘ ȕĶȖ ^ŘȖʰ ^sǣ ƻ_ض DsǼȖÌʰ
ħsOŎǼŘ ƻŸŘ_ŸĨ ħsĶƼʰ ħEȖƼǼsŘ DsضĨȖĶȖ
ǻsضÌʹDsŘǼsضʺʳ

DȖNjȖÌƻǻDÞŸŗȖǣŘǼNjÞŘÞŎsŘOEȖĶÞĨŸNjEŘǣsƼȖĶض
ŎsضĠÞǣǼŎŎƼÞNjĨsNjȖŎÌǼsNjǣضĨʰħŎÞǣʹˠˠˀ˧ʺ
ŎĶŎʳōsضsǼÌȖÞĨsĠ_ÞŘǼsNjǣsEȖǼʰ
ŸNjض ǼȖ Ýŗ ĶضǣȖض ŎsĶƼŸNj Ĩs
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ƻsNjÞǣǼÞɠ ƼsضEÞŘ ÞŘÞ ǣsNjÞض _Ř EŘɴĨ ǼsNjĠ_Þ

_ĶŎ ĨsÌÞ_ȖƼŘ NjȖŎÌ Ǽض¶ ɴض ŎsضĶŎÞ
ƼsNjOsNjÞŘ _ÞŎŘ ŘĨ ǣsĶĶȖ ŎsŘĠ_Þ ĨŸNjEŘ
ŸNjضǼȖŘɴʰ ɴÌ ɴض ǼÞ_Ĩ ŎȖ Ķ¶Þ ŎsŎEÞɴÞ
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ŎsضEÞĨŘŘĨŘɴʳ

ħǣȖǣ ÝEȖ ɴض ŎsŎEȖض EɴÞ

ɴض ENjȖ ĶÌÞNj ĨNjsŘ ÌŎÞĶ _Þ
ĶȖNj ŘÞĨÌ ǼȖ ǼsĨŘŘ sĨŸŘŸŎÞ
Ġ Ȗ ¶   Ǽ s Nj Ŏ  ǣ Ȗ Ĩ  Ǽ Þ Ř _  Ĩ  Ř
ƼsضEÞŘŘĨʳ

DȖĶĶɴÞضǼȖƻsŘÞŘ_ǣŘ
ƻsŘÞŘ_ǣŘ ʹEÌǣ Ýض¶NjÞǣʲ DȖĶĶɴÞضʺ _ĶÌ
Ƽsض¶ȖŘŘĨsĨsNjǣŘʰŘOŎŘʰǼȖƼĨǣŘȖŘǼȖĨ
ŎsŘɴĶ̶ȖŘĨŘǼȖŎsضÞŘǼÞŎÞ_ǣÞŸNjضĶÞŘʳ

ƻsNjÞĶĨȖ ÞŘÞ _ƼǼ ŎsŘĠ_Þ ǣȖǼȖ ĨsEÞǣŘ _Ř

ŎsĶÞEǼĨŘ ĨsǼÞ_ĨǣsÞŎEضŘ ĨsĨȖǣŘ ǣŸǣÞĶ ǼȖ
ʩǣÞĨʳËĶÞŘÞ_ƼǼŎsŘOĨȖƼƼsĶsOsÌŘǣsONjĶÞǣŘǼȖ

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_ÞNjÌĨŘ EsNjȖĶض ĨĶÞ ǼsNjÌ_Ƽ ĨŸNjEŘ
ǼsNjǼsŘǼȖʰŎȖضĨÞŘǼǣ_ǣNjNjǣʰ¶Ŏʰ¶sŘ_sNjʰ
ǣsĨǣȖĶÞǼǣʰǼȖĨsŎŎƼȖŘʳ

ǻÞŘ_ĨŘ ƼsŘÞŘ_ǣŘ ǼsNj_ÞNjÞ Ǽǣ sŎƼǼ ĠsŘÞǣʰ

ɴÞǼȖ ǣsONj sŎŸǣÞŸŘĶʰ ʩǣÞĨʰ ɚsNjEĶʰ _Ř OɴEsNjʳ
DȖ_ɴƼsŘÞŘ_ǣŘ_ƼǼEsNjĨsŎEض_ÞŎŘ
ǣĠ ǣsĶ¶Þ ǼsNjĠ_Þ ÞŘǼsNjĨǣÞ ŘǼNj ŎŘȖǣÞʰ _NjÞ
ŎȖĶÞ_ÞǣsĨŸĶÌʰǼsŎƼǼĨsNjĠʰNjȖŎÌǼض¶ʰ
_ŘĶÞضĨȖضŘʳ

DȖĶĶɴÞض ǣsONj NjsĶǣÞŸŘĶʱ _ĶÌ

ƼsĶsŎÌŘÌNj¶_ÞNjÞĨŸNjEŘǣsONj
ǣÞǣǼsŎǼÞǣ ŎsĶĶȖÞ ƼsضEÞŘʰ
ƼsضȖOÞĶŘ ǼȖ ƼsضÌÞŘ_NjŘʳ ƻsNjÞĶĨȖ ÞŘÞ
_ƼǼŎsŘOĨȖƼǣÞĨƼ˚ǣÞĨƼɴضǼsNjǣsŎEȖŘɴÞǣsƼsNjǼÞ
ƼŘ_ضŘ ɴض ¶NjsǣÞ¯ʰ ĶÞNjÞĨŘ ŎǼʰ ÌsĶŘ Ř¯ǣʰ
OÞEÞNjŘʰ Ǽɠ ŎsضsĠsĨ _Ř EÌǣ ǼȖEȖÌ
ɴضŎsضsĠsĨʳ

DȖĶĶɴÞض_ĶŎEsŘǼȖĨÞŘÞOsŘ_sNjȖض
ƼsNjÞĶĨȖ EȖĶĶɴÞض ɴض ƼĶÞض ǣȖĶÞǼ
_Þ_sǼsĨǣÞ_NjÞĶȖNjʳ

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ĨsĨȖǼŘŘɴ_ÞɠĶŎǣNjsŎĠʰĨNjsŘǣǼÞǼȖǼsĠ_Þ
ƼsNjȖEÌŘʩǣÞĨʰŎsŘǼĶsŎŸǣÞŸŘĶ_ŘǣsĨǣȖĶNjsŎĠʳ
ÝŘÞ _ĶÌ ǣǼ ĨsǼÞĨ NjsŎĠ ŎsŘOŸE ȖŘǼȖĨ
ŎsضsǼÌȖÞ_ÞNjÞŎsNjsĨ_ŘŎsŘɴsǣȖÞĨŘ_ÞNjÞ_sضŘ
ǼsŎŘǣsEɴʳ

DȖĶĶɴÞضsĶsĨǼNjŸŘÞĨʱŎsNjȖƼĨŘEsŘǼȖĨƼsNjÞĶĨȖEȖĶĶɴÞض
ɴض _ÞĶĨȖĨŘ ƼsĶĨȖŘɴ ŎsĶĶȖÞ ǣNjŘ sĶsĨǼNjŸŘÞĨ
ǣ s Ƽ s Nj Ǽ Þ  Ĩ Ÿ Ŏ Ƽ Ȗ Ǽ s Nj ʰ  Ì  Ř _ Ƽ Ì Ÿ Ř s ʰ
ÞŘǼsNjŘsǼʰ ɠsEǣÞǼsʰ OÌǼǼÞض NjŸŸŎʰ s˚
ŎÞĶʰǢōǢ_ŘǣsE¶ÞŘɴʳDÞǣŘɴ
_ÞǼȖĠȖĨŘ ȖŘǼȖĨ ŎsŘsNjŸNj ĨŸNjEŘ
_sضŘ Ŏsض¶ȖŘĨŘ ǼȖĶÞǣŘʰ
ŘÞŎǣÞʰ ¶ŎENj _Ř NjsĨŎŘ
ɚÞ_sŸ ǼȖ ʩĶŎ ɴض ǣÞ¯ǼŘɴ
ŎsضÞŘǼÞŎÞ_ǣÞʰ ŎsŘɴĨÞǼÞ ǼȖ
ŎsŘɴȖ_ȖǼĨŘʳ

D Ȗ Ķ Ķ ɴ Þ Ř ¶  Ġ s Ř Þ ǣ  Þ Ř Þ  E Þ  ǣ  Ř ɴ 
_ÞĶĨȖĨŘ ŸĶsÌ ĨsĶŸŎƼŸĨ NjsŎĠ ɴض
ǼsĶÌŎsŎÞĶÞĨÞƼsŎÌŎŘOȖĨȖƼEÞĨǼsNjÌ_ƼǣNjŘ
ǼsĨŘŸĶŸ¶ÞÞŘ¯ŸNjŎǣÞ_ŘŎs_ÞsĶsĨǼNjŸŘÞĨĶÞŘŘɴʳ

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ƻsŘÞŘ_ǣŘʩǣÞĨ_ĶÌǼÞŘ_ĨŘƼsŘÞŘ_ǣŘ_sضŘ
ĨŸŘǼĨǣsONjʩǣÞĨɴضŎsŘÞŎEȖĶĨŘƼsNjǣŘ
ǣĨÞǼʩǣÞĨʰĶȖĨʰOs_sNjʰǼȖƼsŘ_sNjÞǼŘʩǣÞĨ
ĶÞŘŘɴʳNŸŘǼŸÌŘɴŎsŎȖĨȖĶʰŎsŘŎƼNjʰǼȖ
ŎsŘsŘ_ضŸNjضĶÞŘʳ

ƻsŘÞŘ_ǣŘƼǣÞĨŸĶŸ¶Þǣ_ĶÌǼÞŘ_ĨŘƼsŘÞŘ_ǣŘ
ɴضŎsŘÞŎEȖĶĨŘǼNjȖŎƼǣÞĨŸĶŸ¶Þǣʰ
ĨsǼĨȖǼŘʰ_sƼNjsǣÞʰĨsOsŎǣŘʰǼȖǣǼNjsǣʳǣsĶÞŘ
ÞǼȖĠȖ¶ŎsŘÞŎEȖĶĨŘĨs¶ĶȖŘˀ¶ȖǣNjʳ

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ƻsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘËȖĨȖŎ

^ĶŎ_ȖŘÞĨsĨsNjǣŘʰĨsĠÌǼŘ_ŘĨNjÞŎÞŘĶÞǣǣÞǣǼÞŘÞ
EŘɴĨ ǼÞŎEȖĶ ĨŸNjEŘ _NjÞ ƼsNjEȖǼŘ ɴض ŎsĶض¶Nj
ÌȖĨȖŎǼsNjǣsEȖǼ_ŘɴضŎsŘĠ_ÞĨŸNjEŘǣsE¶ÞŘEsǣNj
_ĶÌ ŘĨ˚ŘĨʳ ǢsÌNjȖǣŘɴ ŘĨ˚ŘĨ ǼsNjǣsEȖǼ
ŎsŘ_ƼǼĨŘ ƼsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘ _NjÞ ƼsNjEȖǼŘ ĨsĨsNjǣʰ
ĨsĠÌǼŘ_ŘĨNjÞŎÞŘĶÞǣǣÞǼsNjǣsEȖǼʳ

ŗŎȖŘ_NjÞضĨĨsĠÌǼŘɴضǼsNjOǼǼƼNjƼsĶĨȖŘɴ
ĨsEŘɴĨŘ _NjÞ ĨĶضŘ ȖǣÞ _sɠǣ ŎǣÞÌ ǣĠ
ŎsŘÞضĨǼ _Ř EsŘǼȖĨ ĨsĠÌǼŘ ǣsNjǼ ĨÞEǼ ɴض
_ÞǼÞŎEȖĶĨŘǣsŎĨÞŘƼNjÌʳȕŘǼȖĨÞǼȖƼsNjĶȖ_ŘɴĨsÌǼÞ˚
ÌǼÞŘ_NjÞŸNjضǼȖʰĨsĶȖNj¶_ŘŎǣɴNjĨǼǼsNjÌ_Ƽ
ĨsĠÌǼŘʰĨsĨsNjǣŘ_ŘĨNjÞŎÞŘĶÞǣǣÞɴض__ÞǣsĨÞǼNj
ĨÞǼʰǣs_ضĨŘE¶ÞƼsŎsNjÞŘǼÌ_ŘƼNjƼNjǼÌȖĨȖŎ
ÌNjȖǣEsNjĶĨȖǼs¶ǣ_Ř_ÞĶE¶ÞƼNjƼsĶĨȖĨsĨsNjǣŘʰ
ĨsĠÌǼŘ _Ř ĨNjÞŎÞŘĶÞǣǣÞ ǼsNjÌ_Ƽ ŘĨ _sضŘ
ŎsŎEsNjÞĨŘǣŘĨǣÞɴضEsNjǼʳ

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ǻÌˡ˟˟ˡǻsŘǼضƻsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘŘĨ

ŘĨDsNjÌ_ƼŘ_sضŘËȖĨȖŎ_ĶÌŸNjضɴضEsĶȖŎ
EsNjȖǣÞ ˠ˧ ǻÌȖŘ ǼsNjŎǣȖĨ ŘĨ ɴض ŎǣÞÌ _ĶŎ
ĨŘ_ȖضŘʰ ɴض ŎsŘĠ_Þ ƻsĶĨȖʰ ħŸNjEŘʰ _Ř ǼȖ ǢĨǣÞ
ǻÞŘ_ĨƻÞ_Ř

ŘĨ˚ŘĨɴضŎsŎEȖǼȖÌĨŘƼsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘĨÌȖǣȖǣʲ
˒ ŘĨğĶŘŘ
˒ ƻsĨsNjĠŘĨ
˒ rĨǣƼĶŸÞǼǣÞǢsĨǣȖĶħŸŎsNjǣÞĶÞǣǣÞŘĨʹrǢħʺ
˒ ŘĨ˚ŘĨɴضDsNjĨŸŘʪÞĨ_sضŘËȖĨȖŎ

ȕȕNJÝŘŸŎŸNjˢˤǼÌȖŘˡ˟ˠˣǼsŘǼضƼsNjȖEÌŘȕȕ
ŘŸŎŸNjˡˢǼÌȖŘˡ˟˟ˡǼsŘǼضƼsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘŘĨ

ƻǣĶ˧˟ʲ
ʹˠʺ ǢsǼÞƼ ŷNjض _ÞĶNjض ŎsŘsŎƼǼĨŘʰ ŎsŎEÞNjĨŘʰ
ŎsĶĨȖĨŘʰŎsŘɴȖNjȖÌŎsĶĨȖĨŘʰǼȖǼȖNjȖǼǣsNjǼŎsĶĨȖĨŘ
ħsĨsNjǣŘ ǼsNjÌ_Ƽ ŘĨ _ÞƼÞ_Ř _sضŘ ƼÞ_Ř ƼsŘĠNj
ƼĶÞض ĶŎ ˢ ʹǼÞ¶ʺ ǼÌȖŘ ˥ ʹsŘŎʺ EȖĶŘ _ŘˀǼȖ _sŘ_
ƼĶÞضEŘɴĨNJƼ˦ˡʳ˟˟˟ʳ˟˟˟ʰ˟˟ʹǼȖĠȖÌƼȖĶȖÌ_ȖĠȖǼNjȖƼÞÌʺʳ
˒ ^ĶŎÌĶŘĨǣsE¶ÞŎŘ_ÞŎĨǣȖ_Ƽ_ɴǼʹˠʺĶȖĨ
EsNjǼʰŎĨƼsĶĨȖ_ÞƼÞ_Ř_sضŘƼÞ_ŘƼsŘĠNjƼĶÞض
ĶŎ ˤ ʹĶÞŎʺ ǼÌȖŘ _ŘˀǼȖ _sŘ_ ƼĶÞض EŘɴĨ
NJƼˠ˟˟ʳ˟˟˟ʳ˟˟˟ʰ˟˟ʹǣsNjǼȖǣĠȖǼNjȖƼÞÌʺʳ

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ŎĨƼsĶĨȖ_ÞƼÞ_Ř_sضŘƼÞ_ŘƼsŘĠNjƼĶÞضĶŎ
ˠˤ ʹĶÞŎ EsĶǣʺ ǼÌȖŘ _ŘˀǼȖ _sŘ_ ƼĶÞض EŘɴĨ
NJƼˢʳ˟˟˟ʳ˟˟˟ʳ˟˟˟ʰ˟˟ʹǼÞ¶ŎÞĶÞNjNjȖƼÞÌʺʳ
˒ ƻÞ_Ř _ÞǼŎEÌ ǣsƼsNjǼÞ¶ _NjÞ ĨsǼsŘǼȖŘ ǣsE¶ÞŎŘ
_ÞŎĨǣȖ_ Ƽ_ ɴǼ ʹˠʺʰ ɴǼ ʹˡʺʰ _Ř ɴǼ ƼEÞĶ ɴض
ŎsĶĨȖĨŘƼsضŘÞɴŘǼsNjǣsEȖǼŷNjضǻȖŘɴʳ

ƻǣĶ˧ˠ
ʹˠʺ ǢsǼÞƼ ŸNjض ɴض ŎsĶĨȖĨŘ ĨsĨsNjǣŘ ǼȖ ŘOŎŘ
ĨsĨsNjǣŘʰ ŎsŎĨǣ ŘĨ ŎsĶĨȖĨŘ ƼsNjǣsǼȖEȖÌŘ
_sضŘŘɴ ǼȖ _sضŘ ŸNjض ĶÞŘ _ÞƼÞ_Ř _sضŘ
ƼÞ_ŘƼsŘĠNjƼĶÞضǣÞضĨǼˤǼÌȖŘ_ŘƼĶÞضĶŎˠˤ
ǼÌȖŘ_Ř_sŘ_ƼĶÞضEŘɴĨˤŎÞĶÞNjNjȖƼÞÌʳ
ʹˡʺ ǢsǼÞƼ ŷNjض ɴض _sضŘ ǣsضĠ ŎsĶĨȖĨŘ ǼÞƼȖ
ŎȖǣĶÞÌǼʰǣsNjضĨÞŘĨsEŸÌŸŘ¶ŘʰǼȖŎsŎEȖĠȖĨŘĨ
ŎsĶĨȖĨŘƼsNjǣsǼȖEȖÌŘ_sضŘŘɴǼȖ_sضŘŸNjض
ĶÞŘʳ

ƻǣĶ˧ˡ
ʹˠʺ ǢsǼÞƼ ŸNjض ɴض ŎsĶĨȖĨŘ ħsĨsNjǣŘ ǼȖ ŘOŎŘ
ħsĨsNjǣŘʰ ŎsŎĨǣʰ ŎsĶĨȖĨŘ ǼÞƼȖ ŎȖǣĶÞÌǼʰ
ŎsĶĨȖĨŘ ǣsNjضĨÞŘ ĨsEŸÌŸŘ¶Řʰ ǼȖ ŎsŎEȖĠȖĨ
ŘĨ ȖŘǼȖĨ ŎsĶĨȖĨŘ ǼȖ ŎsŎEÞNjĨŘ _ÞĶĨȖĨŘ
ƼsNjEȖǼŘ_ÞƼÞ_Ř_sضŘƼÞ_ŘƼsŘĠNjƼĶÞضǣÞضĨǼ
ˤ ǼÌȖŘ _Ř ƼĶÞض ĶŎ ˠˤ ǼÌȖŘ _Ř _sŘ_ ƼĶÞض
EŘɴĨˤŎÞĶÞNjNjȖƼÞÌʳ

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ǻsNjÌ_ƼǻÞŘ_ĨħsĨsNjǣŘ

ǻÝŗ^ħƻÝ^ŗʲ

ƻsŎȖĨȖĶŘˀƻsضŘÞɴŘʹƻǣĶˢˤˠ ^ÞĶƼŸNjĨŘħs
ħȕËƻʺˀƻǣĶ˧˟ʹˠʺȕȕƻʺ ƻŷĵÝǢÝ
ƻsضsNjŸɴŸĨŘʹƻǣĶˠ˦˟ħȕËƻʺ
ƻsضŘOŎŘ˓ƻsŎsNjǣŘʹƻǣĶ ^ÞĶÞŎƼÌĨŘħs
ˢ˥˧˚ˢ˥˨ħȕËƻʺʰ ħrğħǢŗ
ƻsضÌÞŘŘ
ʹōsضsĠsĨʰōsŎĨÞʰōsضŸĶŸĨ˚ ōsضÞĨȖǼÞ
ضŸĶŸĨʰōsŘOsŎŸŸÌǼsŎŘʺ ƻrNJǢÝ^ŗµŗ
ɴضǻsNjǼȖǼȖƼ
ȕŘǼȖĨȕŎȖŎ

ƻȕǻȕǢŗËħÝō 

˒ ^ÞĨsŎEĶÞĨŘĨsƼ_ŸNjضǼȖʹŘĨȖŎȖNj˧˚
ˠˡǼÌȖŘʺ
˒ ^ÞǣsNjÌĨŘĨsƼ_Řs¶NjŎsضÞĨȖǼÞƼsŘ_Þ_ÞĨŘʰ
ƼsŎEÞŘŘʰĶǼÞÌŘĨsNjĠʹŘĨȖŎȖNj˧˚ˠˡ
ǼÌȖŘʺ
˒ ƻÞ_ŘħȖNjȖضŘʰƻÞ_ŘƻsŘĠNjʹ̍_NjÞƼÞ_Ř
ŸNjض_sɠǣʺʰƻÞ_Ř^sŘ_ˀƻÞ_Ř
ƻsضɠǣŘ

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ħsĨsNjǣŘ^ĶŎNJȖŎÌǻض¶

ȕȕħsĨsNjǣŘ^ĶŎNJȖŎÌǻض¶ʹħ^NJǻʺ
ŗŸʳˡˢˀˡ˟˟ˣɳضǻsNjŎǣȖĨǻÞŘ_ĨŘħ^NJǻ_ĶÌʲ

ˠʳ ®ÞǣÞĨʹNjǣǣĨÞǼʰĠǼȖÌǣĨÞǼǼȖĶȖĨEsNjǼʺ
ˡʳ ǢsĨǣȖĶɴÞǼȖƼsŎĨǣŘÌȖEȖضŘE_ŘɴضǼÞ_Ĩ
ɠĠNjǼȖǼÞ_Ĩ_ÞǣȖĨÞ
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ƼsŘ_sNjÞǼŘEǼÞŘʺ
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˒ ŘĨʹǼsNjŎǣȖĨŘĨǼÞNjÞ_ŘŘĨضĨǼʺ
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ɴضƼĶÞضEsNjǼǣsĶŎˡ˟ǼÌȖŘƼsŘĠNjʱ
˚ ŘOŎŘ _sŘ_ ƼĶÞض NjÞضŘ ǣsEsǣNj NJƼʳ  ˢʳ˟˟˟ʳ˟˟˟ʰ˚
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ƻsNj_¶ضŘŸNjض_ĶÌʲ
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ǣsĨǣ
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ǼsNjĶNjض
˒ DȖNjȖÌŎÞ¶NjŘ
˒ ƻsNjsŎƼȖŘ_ÞĨŸŘǼNjĨ¶ȖŘŎsŘ_ƼǼĨŘ
ĨsǼȖNjȖŘŘ
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ǼsŘǼضŗNjĨŸǼÞĨʳ

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˒ ƻsŎEsNjÞŘħŸŎƼsŘǣǣÞ
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˒ ħsŎsŘǼsNjÞŘǢŸǣÞĶ

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ƻǣĶˠʰȕȕǢƻƻŗŸʳˠˠǼÌȖŘˡ˟ˠˡ

ĨsǣsĶȖNjȖÌŘƼNjŸǣsǣƼsŘɴsĶsǣÞŘDË

ƻsŘɴÞ_ÞĨŘ ƻsŘȖŘǼȖǼŘ ƻsNjǣÞ_ضŘ ƻsĶĨǣŘŘ ƻsŎEÞŎ˚

ʹĨsƼŸĶÞǣÞŘʺ ʹĨsĠĨǣŘʺ ʹƻsض_ÞĶŘʺ ƻȖǼȖǣŘ EÞضŘ
ƻsض_ÞĶŘ

ǢȕǢŗ
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ƻŘÞǼsNj ōĠsĶÞǣ
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ƻsضȖŘĠȖض ǻsNj_Ĩɠ
ǢÞ_ض
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DÌɠ_ĶŎƻNjŸǣsǣƻsNjǣÞ_ضŘŘĨ_Þƻsض_ÞĶŘɴض
Ì_ÞNj_ĶŎǣÞ_ضǼsNjǣsEȖǼɴÞǼȖʲ

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_ŘƻsضONjˀƻsŘǣsÌǼËȖĨȖŎ_ÞĶNjضŎsض¶ȖŘĨŘ
ǻŸ¶ŎsĶÞŘĨŘŎsض¶ȖŘĨŘğǣǼȖĨsŎsĠʳ

^Ř_ĶŎƼNjŸǣsǣƼsNjǣÞ_ضŘĠȖ¶ǣÞ¯ǼŘɴǻrNJǻȕǻȕƻ
ǼÞ_ĨǼsNjEȖĨȖŘǼȖĨȖŎȖŎʰ¶ȖŘŘɴŎsضÌÞŘ_NjÞŘĨ
ǣsE¶ÞǼsNj_ĨɠˀǣĨǣÞŘĨ_ŘŘĨǣsE¶ÞĨŸNjEŘ
ǼsNjsĨǣƼŸǣsʳ

ƻǣĶˢʰȕȕǢƻƻŗŸʳˠˠǼÌȖŘˡ˟ˠˡ

ǢsǼÞƼŘĨ_ĶŎƼNjŸǣsǣƼsNj_ÞĶŘƼÞ_ŘEsNjÌĨʲ

ʳ _ÞƼsNjĶĨȖĨŘǣsONjŎŘȖǣÞɠÞ_sضŘ
ŎsŎƼsNjÌǼÞĨŘĨsEȖǼȖÌŘǣsǣȖÞ_sضŘ
ȖŎȖNjŘɴʱ
Eʳ _ÞƼÞǣÌĨŘ_NjÞŸNjض_sɠǣʱ
Oʳ ŎsŎƼsNjŸĶsÌEŘǼȖŘÌȖĨȖŎ_ŘEŘǼȖŘĶÞŘ
ǣsONjs¯sĨǼÞ¯ʱ
_ʳ ŎsĶĨȖĨŘĨs¶ÞǼŘNjsĨNjsǣÞŸŘĶʱ
sʳ EsEǣ_NjÞƼsŘɴÞĨǣŘʰƼsضÌȖĨȖŎŘˀƼsNjĶĨȖŘ
ĶÞŘɴضĨsĠŎʰǼÞ_ĨŎŘȖǣÞɠÞʰǣsNjǼ
ŎsNjsŘ_ÌĨŘ_sNjĠǼ_ŘŎNjǼEǼŘɴʱ

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¶ʳ ǼÞ_Ĩ_ÞǼضĨƼʰ_ÞǼÌŘʰˀ_ÞƼsŘĠNjʰĨsOʳǣsE¶Þ
ȖƼɴǼsNjĨÌÞNj_Ř_ĶŎɠĨǼȖɴ¶ƼĶÞضǣÞضĨǼʱ
Ìʳ ŎsŎƼsNjŸĶsÌĨs_ÞĶŘ_ÞŎȖĨƼsض_ÞĶŘŘĨ
ɴضŸEĠsĨǼÞ¯ʰǼÞ_ĨŎsŎÞÌĨʰ_Ř_ĶŎǣÞ_ض
ɴضǼsNjǼȖǼȖƼȖŘǼȖĨȖŎȖŎʱ
Þʳ ǼÞ_Ĩ_ÞƼȖEĶÞĨǣÞĨŘÞ_sŘǼÞǼǣŘɴʱ
Ġʳ ŎsŎƼsNjŸĶsÌƼsŘ_ŎƼÞضŘŸNjضǼȖˀɟĶÞ_Ř
ŸNjضɴض_ÞƼsNjOɴŸĶsÌŘĨʱ
Ĩʳ ŎsŎƼsNjŸĶsÌ_ɚŸĨǣÞǣŸǣÞĶʱ
Ķʳ ŎsŎƼsNjŸĶsÌĨsÌÞ_ȖƼŘƼNjÞE_Þʱ
Ŏʳ ŎsŎƼsNjŸĶsÌ
ĨǣsǣÞEÞĶÞǼǣʰǼsNjȖǼŎ
E¶ÞŘĨOOǼʱ
Řʳ ŎsŎƼsNjŸĶsÌ
ƼsŘ_Þ_ÞĨŘʱ
Ÿʳ ŎsŎƼsNjŸĶsÌ
ƼsĶɴŘŘŘ
ĨsǣsÌǼŘʱ_Ř
Ƽʳ ŎsŎƼsNjŸĶsÌÌĨ
ĶÞŘǣsǣȖÞ
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ȖŘ_ضŘʳ

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EʳǣÞŎÞĶǣÞʱ
OʳNȖǼÞŎsضȖŘĠȖضÞĨsĶȖNj¶ʱ
_ʳƻsŎEsEǣŘEsNjǣɴNjǼʱ
sʳNȖǼÞŎsŘĠsĶضEsEǣʱ
¯ʳNȖǼÞEsNjǣɴNjǼʱ
¶ʳËĨ˚ÌĨĶÞŘǣsǣȖÞ_¶ŘƼsNjǼȖNjŘƼsNjȕȕŘ

ËĨ˚ÌĨħŸNjEŘħsĨsNjǣŘǻsNjÌ_ƼŘĨʲ
˒ ƻsĶɴŘŘħsǣsÌǼŘ
˒ ƻsĶɴŘŘħŸŘǣsĶÞض_ŘƼǣÞĨŸǣŸǣÞĶ
˒ ƻsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘ_ÞNJȖŎÌŎŘˀǢÌsĶǼsNj
˒ ƻsĶɴŘŘƻsŘs¶ĨŘËȖĨȖŎ
˒ ƻsĶɴŘŘNJsÞŘǼsNj¶NjǣÞǢŸǣÞĶ


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ƻsŘضŘŘ  ĨǣȖǣ ŘĨ ɠĠÞE ŎsضȖǼŎĨŘ

ƼsŘ_sĨǼŘ Ĩs_ÞĶŘ  NjsǣǼŸNjǼÞ¯ ɴÞǼȖ ƼsŘɴsĶsǣÞŘ
ƼsNjĨNj ǼÞŘ_Ĩ ƼÞ_Ř _sضŘ ŎsĶÞEǼĨŘ ƼsĶĨȖʰ
ĨŸNjEŘʰĨsĶȖNj¶ƼsĶĨȖˀĨŸNjEŘʰ_Ř ƼÞÌĨĶÞŘɴض
ǼsNjĨÞǼ ȖŘǼȖĨ EsNjǣŎ˚ǣŎ  ŎsŘONjÞ ƼsŘɴsĶsǣÞŘ
ɴض _ÞĶ _sضŘ  ŎsŘsĨŘĨŘ ƼsŎȖĶÞÌŘ ĨsŎEĶÞ
Ƽ_Ĩs_ŘǣsŎȖĶʰ_ŘEȖĨŘƼsŎEĶǣŘʳ

DsŘǼȖĨħs_ÞĶŘNJsǣǼŸNjǼÞ¯_ĶŎǢÞǣǼsŎƻsNj_ÞĶŘ
ƻÞ_ŘŘĨʰ_ĶÌʲ

ɴÞǼȖ ƼsضĶÞÌŘ ƼsŘɴsĶsǣÞŘ
ƼsNjĨNjŘĨ_NjÞƼNjŸǣsǣƼsNj_ÞĶŘ
"'4#01' ƼÞ_ŘĨsƼNjŸǣsǣ_ÞĶȖNjƼsNj_ÞĶŘ
ƼÞ_Řʳ

ƻ_ǼÞضĨǼƼsŘɴÞ_ÞĨŘʰƼsŘȖŘǼȖǼŘʰ_Ř
ƼsŎsNjÞĨǣŘƼsNjĨNjŘĨ_ÞƼsض_ÞĶŘŘs¶sNjÞɠĠÞE
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ƼÞ_Řɴض_ÞĶĨȖĨŘʲ

ʳ _ÞŘOŎ_sضŘƼÞ_ŘƼsŘĠNj_ÞEɠÌ˦ǼÌȖŘʱ
Eʳ EȖĨŘŎsNjȖƼĨŘƼsضȖĶضŘǼÞŘ_ĨƼÞ_Řʳ

ÝŘÞȖŘǼȖĨŎsضÌÞŘ_NjÞ_ŘŎsŘĠȖÌĨŘŘĨ_NjÞƼNjŸǣsǣ
ƼsNj_ÞĶŘ ǣsÌÞض¶ _ƼǼ ŎsضÌÞŘ_NjÞ ǣǼÞ¶ŎǼÞǣǣÞ
ǼsNjÌ_Ƽ ŘĨ ɴض EsNjÌ_ƼŘ _sضŘ ÌȖĨȖŎ _Ř
_ÞÌNjƼĨŘŘĨ_ƼǼĨsŎEĶÞĨs_ĶŎĶÞضĨȖضŘǣŸǣÞĶ
ǣsONjɠĠNjʳ

ƻNjŸǣsǣ^ÞɚsNjǣÞ
ŎsĶĶȖÞŎȖǣɴɠNjÌ_sضŘŎsĶÞEǼĨŘŘĨ_ŘŸNjض
ǼȖˀɠĶÞŘɴʰ ĨŸNjEŘ _ŘˀǼȖ ŸNjض ǼȖˀɠĶÞŘɴʰ
ƼsŎEÞŎEÞض ĨsŎǣɴNjĨǼŘʰ _Ř ƼsĨsNjĠ ǣŸǣÞĶ
ƼNjŸ¯sǣÞŸŘĶEsNj_ǣNjĨŘƼsŘ_sĨǼŘĨs_ÞĶŘNjsǣǼŸNjǼÞ¯ʳ

ƻǣĶˢˡɴǼʹˡʺȕȕǢÞǣǼsŎƻsNj_ÞĶŘƻÞ_ŘŘĨ

ƻsŘÌŘŘƻsĶĨȖŘĨ
ƻsŘÌŘŘǼsNjÌ_ƼŘĨÌŘɴ_ƼǼ_ÞĶĨȖĨŘ_sضŘ
ǣɴNjǼ ŘĨ ǼsĶÌ EsNjȖŎȖNj ˠˣ ʹsŎƼǼ EsĶǣʺ ǼÌȖŘʰ ǼȖ
_Þ_Ȗ¶ŎsĶĨȖĨŘǼÞŘ_ĨƼÞ_Ř_sضŘŘOŎŘƼÞ_Ř
ƼsŘĠNj ǼȖĠȖÌ ǼÌȖŘ ǼȖ ĶsEÞÌʳ ğÞĨ Ŏǣ ƼsŘÌŘŘ

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ɠĠÞE_ÞĨsĶȖNjĨŘ_NjÞǼÌŘŘ_sŎÞÌȖĨȖŎʳ

ĵŎƻsŘÌŘŘŘĨ

ƻsŘɴÞ_ÞĨŘ ƻsŘȖŘǼȖǼŘ ƻsNjǣÞ_ضŘ ƻsĶĨǣŘŘ

ʹĨsƼŸĶÞǣÞŘʺ ʹĨsĠĨǣŘʺ ʹƻsض_ÞĶŘʺ ƻȖǼȖǣŘ
ƻsض_ÞĶŘ

˦ÌNjÞ ˤÌNjÞ ˠ˟ÌNjÞ

ǼÞŘ_ĨŘˀ
̛ ̛ ̛
ƼÞ_Ř
˧ÌNjÞ ˤÌNjÞ ˠˤÌNjÞ

ƻsŘÌŘŘǼÞ_Ĩ_ƼǼ_ÞĶĨȖĨŘEÞĶŘĨ
ŎsŎƼsNjŸĶsÌĠŎÞŘŘ_NjÞŸNjضǼȖˀɠĶÞˀĶsŎE¶
EÌɠŘĨ
ǼÞ_ĨŎsĶNjÞĨŘ_ÞNjÞʰŎsضÌÞĶضĨŘˀŎsNjȖǣĨ
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ɴÞǼȖʲ
˒ ǻÞŘ_ĨŘʰE¶ÞƼsĶĨȖǼÞŘ_ĨƼÞ_ŘɴضEsNjȖŎȖNj_Þ
EɠÌˠˣǼÌȖŘʹƻǣĶ˥˨ɴǼʹˡʺȕȕǢÞǣǼsŎƻsNj_ÞĶŘ
ƻÞ_ŘŘĨʺ
˒ ƻÞ_Řʰ E¶Þ ƼsĶĨȖ ǼÞŘ_Ĩ ƼÞ_Ř ɴض EsNjȖŎȖNj ˠˤ
ǼÌȖŘĨsǼǣʳ

ƻǣĶ˦ˠʰȕȕǢƻƻŗŸʳˠˠǼÌȖŘˡ˟ˠˡ
ǢŘĨǣÞƻÞ_ŘǼsNjE¶ÞŎsŘĠ_Þ_ȖʰɴÞǼȖʲ

ƻÞ_ŘƻŸĨŸĨǼsNj_ÞNjÞǼǣʲ

˒ ƻÞ_ŘƼsNjÞضǼŘʱ
˒ ƻÞ_Ř_sضŘǣɴNjǼʰɴضǼsNj_ÞNjÞǼǣʲƼsŎEÞŘŘ
_ÞĶȖNjĶsŎE¶ʰƼsĶɴŘŘŎǣɴNjĨǼʰǼȖ
ƼsضɠǣŘʱ
˒ ƻsĶǼÞÌŘĨsNjĠʱ
˒ ƻsŎEÞŘŘ_ĶŎĶsŎE¶ʱ
˒ ƻsŘĠNjʳ

ƻÞ_ŘǻŎEÌŘǼsNj_ÞNjÞ_NjÞʲ

˒ ƻsNjŎƼǣŘĨsȖŘǼȖضŘɴض_ÞƼsNjŸĶsÌ_NjÞ
ǼÞŘ_ĨƼÞ_ŘʱǼȖ
˒ ƻsŎsŘȖÌŘĨsɠĠÞEŘ_Ǽʳ

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DǼǣŘȕǣÞƻsNjǼض¶ȖضĠɠEŘ
ŘĨɴضDsNjĨŸŘʪÞĨ_sضŘËȖĨȖŎ

 &
ʹŘĨDsNjĨŸŘʪÞĨËȖĨȖŎʺ

ȕǣÞ ǻÞŘ_ĨŘ
ōsŘɴsNjÌĨŘĨsŎEĶÞĨsƼ_ŷNjضǻȖˀɟĶÞ

ōsضÞĨȖǼǣsNjǼĨŘ_ĶŎƼNjŸ¶NjŎƼsŘ_Þ_ÞĨŘʰ
ƼsŎEÞŘŘʰƼsŎEÞŎEÞضŘÞŘǣǼŘǣÞƻsŎsNjÞŘǼÌ
̣ˠˡǼÌȖŘ
ĵƻħǢʹōĨǣʳ˥EȖĶŘ̛˥EȖĶŘʺ

ħsƼȖǼȖǣŘǼÞŘ_ĨŘ_ÞƼȖǼȖǣĨŘŸĶsÌƻsŘɴÞ_ÞĨʰ
DƼǣ_ŘƻǢƻ

̤ˠˡǼÌȖŘǣˀ_ ƻNjŸǣsǣËȖĨȖŎEsNjĠĶŘ
̣ˠˣǼÌȖŘ
ŘĨǼÞ_Ĩ_ÞǼÌŘ

ŘĨ_ƼǼ_ÞǼÌŘ_sضŘ_Ȗ¶ŘǼÞŘ_Ĩ
̤ˠˣǼÌȖŘǣˀ_ ƼÞ_Ř_sضŘŘOŎŘƼsŘĠNj˦ǼÌȖŘ
̣ˠ˧ǼÌȖŘ ǼȖĶsEÞÌ

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ĵrōDµƻrōǢɳNJħǻŗŗħ

ŘĨɴضEsĶȖŎǣsĶsǣÞŎsŘĠĶŘÞƼÞ_Ř_ÞĵsŎE¶
ƻsŎEÞŘŘħÌȖǣȖǣŘĨʹˆĵƻħˇʺ_ŘǼsĶÌŎsŘOƼÞ
ȖŎȖNjˠ˧ʹ_sĶƼŘEsĶǣʺǼÌȖŘ_ÞƼÞŘ_ÌĨŘĨsĶsŎE¶
ƼsŎǣɴNjĨǼŘ ƼsŎȖ_ʳ ƻsضǼȖNjŘ ǼsNjǣsEȖǼ ǼÞ_Ĩ
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ƻsŘsŎƼǼŘ ŘĨ _Þ ĵsŎE¶ ƻsŎǣɴNjĨǼŘ

_ÞĶĨȖĨŘ _sضŘ ŎsŘɴs_ÞĨŘ EĶŸĨ ǼsNjǼsŘǼȖ E¶Þ
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ƻǣĶ˧˥ɴǼʹˡʺȕȕǢƻƻ_ŘƻsŘĠsĶǣŘƻǣĶ˥ˠɴǼ
ʹˡʺȕȕƻsض_ÞĶŘŘĨʺʳ

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ŎsŎÌŎÞ ǼÞƼǣ˚ǼÞƼǣ
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ÌȖĨȖŎɴضĨŘ_Řǣs_ض
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ʹƼsĶĨȖĨsĠÌǼŘʺʳ

ǢsÌNjȖǣŘɴ ǣsEsĶȖŎ ǼsNjĠ_Þ

ĨÞǼ ÌNjȖǣ ŎsضŘǼÞǣÞƼǣÞ
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ŘĨ ŎsĶĨȖĨŘ ĨsĠÌǼŘʳ ǻÌƼ ǼsNjǣÞsNj ÌNjȖǣ
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ŗħ^ĵōĵÝŗµħȕŗµŗǢrħŷĵË

^ĶŎ ĶÞضĨȖضŘǣǼȖŘ ƼsŘ_Þ_ÞĨŘ ŘĨ ɠĠÞE

Ŏs_ƼǼĨŘ ƼsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘ _NjÞ ǼÞŘ_Ĩ ĨsĨsNjǣŘ ʩǣÞĨʰ
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ƼsǣsNjǼ_Þ_ÞĨʰ_ŘǼȖƼÞÌĨĶÞŘʳ

ƻsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘ ǣsE¶ÞŎŘ _ÞŎĨǣȖ_ ɴǼ ˠ _ÞĶĨȖĨŘ

ŸĶsÌ ƼsŘ_Þ_ÞĨʰ Ǽsض ĨsƼsŘ_Þ_ÞĨŘʰ ƼNjǼ ƼsŎsNjÞŘǼÌ
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ƻNjŸ¶NjŎ ƻsŘ_Þ_ÞĨŘ ȖŘǼȖĨ ŎsŘضŘÞ ħsĨsNjǣŘ

ɴض_ÞĶĨȖĨŘŘĨʲ

˒ ħsEÞĠĨŘ ǣsĨŸĶÌʰ _sضŘ ONj ǼÞ_Ĩ ŎsŎEsNjÞĨŘ

ƼsĶȖضƼ_ǣÞǣɠȖŘǼȖĨŎsĶĨȖĨŘƼsŘɴÞŎƼضŘ
˒ ƻsŘŘŎŘ ¶Ŏ _ĶŎ ĨsĶȖNj¶ ŎsضsŘÞ ĨÌĶĨ
ʹEȖ_ÞƼsĨsNjǼÞɴضĶȖÌȖNjʺ
˒ ^Þ_ĨŘ ĨǼÞɚÞǼǣ ɴض ƼŸǣÞǼÞ¯ Ƽ_ NjsŎĠ ŸĶsÌ
ƼsŎsNjÞŘǼÌ
˒ ƻsNjÌǼÞŘ ˀ ĨsƼs_ȖĶÞŘ ŎǣɴNjĨǼ ǼsNjÌ_Ƽ ƼsNjÞĶĨȖ
NjsŎĠ
˒ ǢŘĨǣÞÌȖĨȖŎɴضǼs¶ǣE¶ÞƼsĶض¶NjÌȖĨȖŎ

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˒ ȕǣÌĨŘŎsŘ_ƼǼĨsĠsĶǣŘŎsضsŘÞƼɴض
ǼsNjĠ_Þʳ
˒ DŘǼȖŘĨŎsضǼǣÞĨsǼÞ_ĨŘɴŎŘŘɴض
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ǼÞŘ_ĨŘEȖĶĶɴÞضɴضÞĶŎÞʳ
˒ ōÞŘǼĶÌEŘǼȖŘƼÞÌĨĨsǼÞ¶ʹŸNjضǼȖʰÌĶÞ
ƼNjŸ¯sǣÞŸŘĶʺȖŘǼȖĨŎsŎEŘǼȖŎsضsŎEĶÞĨŘ
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˒ ŎǼÞƼsNjÞĶĨȖ_ŘsŎŸǣÞŘĨʰEÌĨŘĨsǼÞĨ
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ĨsŎȖ_ÞŘɠĨǼȖʺʳ
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¶ȖNjȖˀƼsضǣȖÌʺʳ
˒ DsĨĶÞŘĨĨsŎŎƼȖŘȖŘǼȖĨŎsŎEsĶ_ÞNjÞŘɴ
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ŎsŘɴsĶsǣÞĨŘŎǣĶÌʳ
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ɴضÞĶŎÞʳ
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ĨsĨsNjǣŘɴضÞĶŎÞʳ

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ǼȖEȖÌŘɴǣsŘ_ÞNjÞʱ
ˡʳ ŘĨÌNjȖǣ_ÞEÞǣĨŘȖŘǼȖĨŎsŘŸĶĨƼsNjĶĨȖŘ
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˒ ƻsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘ _NjÞ ƼÞÌĨ ĨsĶȖNj¶ʰ ĨsƼŸĶÞǣÞŘʰ

ĨsĠĨǣŘʰ Ƽsض_ÞĶŘʰ _ɚŸĨǼʰ ĶsŎE¶ ǣŸǣÞĶʰ ǼȖ
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ƼsŘsǼƼŘƼsNjÞŘǼÌƼsNjĶÞŘ_ȖضŘ_NjÞƼsض_ÞĶŘʱ
˒ ƼsĶɴŘŘĨsǣsÌǼŘǣsǣȖÞ_sضŘĨsEȖǼȖÌŘŎs_Þǣʱ
˒ ƼsŘضŘŘ ǣsONj ĨÌȖǣȖǣ EsNjĨÞǼŘ _sضŘ
ĨsNjÌǣÞŘĨŸNjEŘʱ
˒ ƼsŘ_ŎƼÞضŘŸĶsÌƼsĨsNjĠǣŸǣÞĶ_ŘEŘǼȖŘÌȖĨȖŎ
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ĨsǼsŘǼȖŘƼsNjǼȖNjŘƼsNjȖŘ_ض˚ȖŘ_ضŘʱ_Ř
˒ ƼsĶɴŘŘEÞŎEÞضŘNjŸÌŘÞʳ

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˒ ħŸNjEŘEsNjÌĨŎsĶƼŸNjĨŘǣsONjĶضǣȖضĨsĨsNjǣŘ
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ĨŸNjEŘEsNj_ŎȖƼȖŘ_ÞǼsŎƼǼĨsĠ_ÞŘƼsNjĨNjʳ

˒ ħŸNjEŘ_ƼǼŎsŎEsNjÞĨŘĨȖǣĨsƼ_ĨsĶȖNj¶ǼȖ
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Ǽض¶ĨsƼ_ƼÞÌĨĨsƼŸĶÞǣÞŘEÞĨ_ÞǼsŎƼǼĨŸNjEŘ
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y ƻÌŎÞǼsŘǼض¶Ŏ_ŘÌȖĨȖŎʱ

y DsNjÞĨŘ ƼsŘ_Þ_ÞĨŘʰ ƼsضĠNjŘ _Ř ƼsŎÌŎŘ

ĨsƼ_ ŘĨ ǼsŘǼض EÌɴ ĨsĨsNjǣŘ _Ř
ĨsĠÌǼŘʱ

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y ^ŎƼÞضÞŘĨ˚ŘĨʱ

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