Maths D Cl 8 Topic: Mensuration.

Workbook, Ch: 9. Page: 94

Question No: 20

The volumes of two metal jugs are 24 cm3 and 3000 cm3 respectively. If the smaller jug
has a surface area of 11 cm2, find
(a) the ratio of the heights of the jugs
(b) the mass of the smaller jug if the bigger jug weighs 62.5 kg, giving your answer in
grams
(c) the surface area of the bigger jug
(d) the density, in g/cm3, of the metal used in making the jugs.
v1 h1
Soln:(a)Using similarity property [Actual formula : v 2
= ( h )3
2

h1 v1
h2
= √
3

v2
Where ,h1=height of smaller jug

h2 = height of bigger jug

h1 24
h2
= √
3

3000
v 1= volume of smaller jug = 24cm
3

v 2= volume of bigger jug = 3000 cm3

h1 8
h2
= √
3

1000

h1
h2
= 102
h1 1
= ∴ h1 : h2=1: 5
h2 5

(b) m =mass of smaller jug=? (c) S = Surface area of smaller jug = 11cm2
1 1

m2=mass of bigger jug = 62.5 kg S2 = Surface area of bigger jug = ?

We know We have
m1
m2
= ( hh )3 SS =( hh )2
1 1 1

2 2 2

m1 11
62.5
= ( 15 )3 S2
=( 15 )2
m1 1 11
62.5
= 125 S
= 2512

125m1= 62.5
62.5
m1 = ∴ S 2 = 11 ×25 = 275
125
∴ m1 = 0.5 kg = 500 g. = 275 cm2

(d) Let
Density of smaller jug be D1 and density of bigger jug be D2
mass
We know, Density = volume

m1 500 g 125
∴ D1= =
v 1 24 cm 3=
6
g/cm3
And
m2 62500 g
D2 =
v2
= 3000 cm3
= 125
6
g/cm3
[Here, 62.5 kg = 62.5 ×1000 g = 62500 g]

Question No: 23
The areas of two spheres are 108 cm2 and 48 cm2 respectively. Find the ratio of
(a) the radii [radii , plural form of radius]
(b) their volumes
(c) their masses
Solution:
Let
V1 = volume small sphere, V2= volume of big sphere
S1 = Areas of small sphere 48cm2S2= Areas of big sphere = 108cm2[ given]
r1= radius of small sphere r2= radius of big sphere
m1= mass of small sphere m2= mass of big sphere
Using similarity property
r1 S1 S1 r1
(a) r =2 √ S2
[ Actual formula is: S 2 =( r 2 )
2

r1 v2 r2 3
48
= ( 32 )3
r2
=√ 108
(b) v = (
1 r1
)
r1 4 v2 27
r2
=√ 9
(cancelling by 12]
v1
= 8

r1 2
r2
= 3
∴ v2: v1 = 27: 8

∴r1 : r2 = 2:3 or r2 : r1 =3:2

m2 r2
(c) m
1
=( r )31

m2
m1
=( 32 )3
m2
m1
= 278 ∴m2: m1 = 27: 8
Self practice : Mensuration ch: 9,WB, Pg: 94/95. No: 22/28/30

Question No: 39
(a) A Solid cylinder of radius 7 cm and height 8 cm has a density of 5g/cm3.Find
(i) the volume of the cylinder
(ii) the mass of the cylinder in kilograms
(b) The cylinder is melted down and a certain amount of the molten liquid is
used to cast into a sphere of radius 6.5 cm. The unused liquid is thrown away.
(i) What is the volume of the sphere?
(ii) What percentage of the molten liquid is thrown away?
Solution:
(a)(i)Here, r=7cm,h=8cm(ii) Here, v=1232cm3, density=5g/cm3
M
Volume of cylinder = π r2h[ we know ,D = V ]

22
= 7 ×72×8 ∴Mass = V ×D

= 1232 cm3Ans. = 1232×5

= 6160 g = 6.16 kg Ans.
Ans(b) (i) Here, r = 6.5 cm (ii) Volume of cylinder=1232 cm3[from (a)]
4
Volume of sphere = 3 π r3 Volume of sphere = 1150.81cm 3

4 22
= 3 × 7 ×6.53Unused liquid = (1232 −¿1150.81) cm3

= 1150.8095 = 81.19 cm3

= 1150.81 cm3Ans.
Percentage of molten liquid is
81.19
thrown away = 1232 × 100%

= 6.59%Ans.

Question No 43:
 Find, in terms of π ,the volume and the total surface area of
the solid, which is made by joining a cone, of base radius 3
cm, height 4 cm and slant height 5 cm, to a cylinder and a
hemisphere, as shown in the diagram. The height of the
solid is 14 cm
Solution:
The solid is made by three different solids like Cone,
Cylinder and Hemisphere.
The volume of the solid = Vol of cone +vol of cylinder + vol of hemisphere
1 2
= 3 π r2h+ π r2h + 3 π r3
[ For Cone, r=3 cm,h =4cm, For cylinder, r=3cm, h =14 −4−¿ 3=7cm,
1 1 4
For hemisphere, r=3cm, Vol of hemisphere = 2 × vol of sphere = 2 × 3 π r3 ]

1 2
= 3 π ×32×4 + π ×32×7 + 3
× π ×33

= 12 π +63 π +18 π = 93 π cm3

Again,
Total surface area of the solid = Lateral(curved) surface area of cone+ curved
surface of cylinder+ surface area (outside) of hemisphere
= π rl + 2 π rh + 2 π r2[ here, slant height (l) of cone = 5 cm]
= π × 3×5 + 2 × π ×3×7 +2× π ×32[total surface area of sphere is 4 π r2]
4 π r2
=15 π +42 π +18 π [surface area of hemisphere (outside) = = 2 π r 2]
2

=75 π cm2
Ans: volume =93 π cm3and total surface area = 75 π cm2
Practice work(Home): WB, Ch: 9,Pg. 96 to 97, Number: 38,40,41 .

Self practice:
Maths D Cl 8 Topic: Mensuration.
Workbook, Ch: 9. Page: 97/98

Question No: 44
A solid, made up of a cone
(height 2 cm and base radius
1cm) joined to a hemisphere, is
melted down to form
a pyramid with a square base
22
of side 2 cm long. Using π = 7
,find
(a) the volume of the solid
(b) the height of the pyramid
Solution :(a)Here , For cone , r=1cm , h = 2 cm and for hemisphere , r = 1 cm
Volume of the solid =vol of cone + vol of hemisphere
1 2
= 3 π r2h + 3 π r3

1 2
= 3 π ×12×2 + 3 π × 13

2 2 4
= 3 π+ 3 π = 3
π cm3

(b) Here, The volume of solid will be equal to the volume of Pyramid.
4
Vol of pyramid = 3 π cm3 [base area of pyramid = 2×2 cm2]
1 4
A/Q, 3 × square Base area × h = 3 π [multiply both side by 3]

2×2× h = 4 π
22
∴ h=π=7
22
Therefore, height of the pyramid is 7 cm.
Question No 45:
A boy used super -glue to stick together the
bases of two cones A and B .Cone A has height 4
cm and base radius 3 cm, while cone B has
height 3 cm , and base radius 4 cm.Find the total
surface area of the resulting solid, leaving your
answer in terms of π

Solution:

Here, for the upper cone, r = 3 cm, h = 4 cm

Slant height (l) =√ h2 +r 2[ using Pythagoras theorem
=√ 4 2+ 32= √ 25 = 5 cm
For the lower cone, r 1 = 4cm , h1 = 3 cm .
Slant height (l1) =√ h12 +r 12= √ 32 +4 2 = √ 25 = 5 cm
Total surface area of the resulting solid = curved surface area of
the upper cone + area of the ring + curved surface area of the
lower cone
= πrl+ π ¿) + π r 1 l1
= π × 3 ×5+ π (42−32) + π × 4 ×5
= 15 π + 7 π +20 π
= 42 π cm2.
Ans: 42 π cm2.

Self-practice: WB,Ch: 9, Pg.98/99, No: 45,47,48

Workbook, Ch: 9. Page: 97/98

Question No: 58

A right circular cone with base of diameter 10

cm is cut by a plane parallel to the base. The
height of the frustum (shaded part) is 6 cm
and the radius of the small cone cut off is 2
cm. Find
(a) the height of the right circular cone
(b) the volume of the frustum (shaded part) and leave your answer
correct to two decimal places (Take π = 3.142)
Solution:
Let
Height of small cone be h cm
Height of big cone be (h+6) cm
Using the property of similarity,
h+6 = 52 [ since Hh = Rr ]
h

5h =2h+12
3h = 12
∴h =4
Therefore, the height right(big) circular cone = 4+6 = 10 cm.

58(b)
Solution:
For small cone, r = 2cm, h = 4 cm
For right circular (big) cone, R = 10 ÷ 2 =5 cm, H= 10 cm[from (a)]
The volume of the frustum (shaded part)
= Volume of big cone – volume of small cone
1 −1 2
π R2H π
= 3 3 r h
 1 −1
= 3 π ×52×10 3
π ×22×4

250 π 16 π
= 3
−
3
234 π
= 3
234 ×3.142
= 3 [ since π = 3.142]
=245.076
=245.08 cm3 (corr.to two d.p)
Ans: The volume of the frustum is 245.08 cm3 .

Question No: 60
The diagram shows a container in the form of a cone, whose vertex is
downwards and whose axis is vertical. The diameter of the circular top
is 36 m and the height of the cone is 28 m. The cone is filled with water
to a depth of one-quarter of the height of the cone.(a)Calculate (i) the
radius of the horizontal surface of the water. (ii) the volume of the
22
water in the cone. (Take ¿ 7 )

(b) Water is added into the container through a

pipe of cross -sectional area 0.5m2 at a constant
rate of 10m/s. Calculate the time taken to fill the container completely.
Give your answer in minutes and seconds

Solution : (a) (i)[ radius of the horizontal surface of the water means
we have to find out the radius of the smaller cone]
Here, radius of smaller cone, r =?
Height of smaller cone, h = one-quarter of height of the cone
1
= ×
4 28 =7m

Radius of big cone, R= 36÷ 2 =18m and height of the cone, H =28m

Using the property of similarity

r h
R
= H
(ii) Volume of the water in cone = vol of the
r 7
18
= 28
small cone
7 1
∴ r = 28 ×18 = 3 π r2h
9 1 22 2
= 2 =3 × × ×
7 4.5 7

= 4.5 m = 148.5 m3.

1
(b) Volume of the full container (cone) = 3 π R2H
 1 22
= × × 2× = 9504 m3.
3 7 18 28

Water needed to fill the container (cone) = (9504 – 148.5) m 3 = 9355.5

m3.
Volume of water flowing out per second (vol of pipe where, cross-
sectional area =0.5m2 and in one second water flows 10 m)
= c ross-sectional area of pipe × length of pipe (h)
= 0.5 ×10 = 5m3.
[Therefore, 5m3 water flows through the pipe in one second]
Time taken to fill the container = (9355.5÷ 5) sec =1871.1 sec
=(1871.1 ÷ 60 ) min = 31.185 min
= 31min 11 sec [since 0.185 min = 0.185 ×60 sec=11.1 sec
Self-practice: WB, Ch:9, Pg:99 -101, No: 47,48,49,51,52