11

Statistics and Probability

Activity Sheets
Quarter 4 – MELC 2
Identifying the Parameter to be
Tested Given a Real-Life Problem

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

Statistics and Probability – Grade 11
Activity Sheet No. 2
First Edition, 2021

Published in the Philippines

By the Department of Education
Region 6 – Western Visayas

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

This Learning Activity Sheet is developed by DepEd Region 6 – Western

Visayas.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this learning resource may be
reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical
without written permission from the DepEd Regional Office 6 – Western Visayas.

Development Team of Statistics and Probability Activity Sheet

Writer: Juliet B. Calinao

Illustrator: Juliet B. Calinao

Layout Artists: Juliet B. Calinao and Rutchel J. Ngipen

Schools Division Quality Assurance Team:

Ligaya H. Montelijao, EPS-Mathematics
Leila G. Valencia, EPS-LR
Jezereel Grace G. Tiron
Bernie P. Alcedo
Division of Iloilo City Management Team:
Ma. Luz M. De los Reyes, PhD, CESO V, SDS
Lilibeth T. Estoque, EdD, CESO VI, ASDS
Arlo L. Villalva, CID Chief
Jerry M. Lego, EdD, SGOD Chief
Leila G. Valencia, EPS-LR
Ligaya H. Montelijao, EPS-Mathematics
Regional Management Team
Ramir B. Uytico, EdD, CESO VI
Pedro T. Escobarte, Jr., PhD, CESO V
Elena P. Gonzaga, EdD
Donald T. Genine,
Adonis Mosquera

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Introductory Message
Welcome to Statistics and Probability for Senior High School!

The Learning Activity Sheet is a product of the collaborative efforts of the

Schools Division of Iloilo City and DepEd Regional Office VI - Western Visayas
through the Curriculum and Learning Management Division (CLMD). This is
developed to guide the learning facilitators (teachers, parents and responsible
adults) in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Basic Education
Curriculum.

The Learning Activity Sheet is self-directed instructional materials aimed to

guide the learners in accomplishing activities at their own pace and time using the
contextualized resources in the community. This will also assist the learners in
acquiring the lifelong learning skills, knowledge and attitudes for productivity and
employment.

For learning facilitator:

The Statistics and Probability for Senior High School will help you
facilitate the teaching-learning activities specified in each Most Essential Learning
Competency (MELC) with minimal or no face-to-face encounter between you and
learner. This will be made available to the learners with the references/links to ease
the independent learning.

For the learner:

The Statistics and Probability for Senior High School is developed to help
you continue learning even if you are not in school. This learning material provides
you with meaningful and engaging activities for independent learning. Being an
active learner, carefully read and understand the instructions then perform the
activities and answer the assessments. This will be returned to your facilitator on the
agreed schedule.

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 Quarter 4, Week 1

Learning Activity Sheets (LAS) No. 2

Name of Learner: ___________________ Grade and Section: _________________

Date: _____________________________

STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY ACTIVITY SHEET

Identifying the Parameter to be Tested Given a Real-Life Problem

I. Learning Competency with Code

Identifies the parameter to be tested given a real-life problem.
(M11/12SP-IVa-3)

II. Background Information for Learners

Finding a solution to a problem is difficult especially if you do not have an

idea of the situation. In looking for an answer, we usually start with what is
known to determine the unknown. In Hypothesis Testing, we must consider the
characteristics of the population under consideration and other details that
might help us solve the problem.

A parameter is a number that describes the whole population such as the

population mean and population standard deviation. However, a statistic is a
number that describes a sample just like the sample mean and sample standard
deviation. When we test our hypothesis, we check whether the claim regarding
the parameter of a population is correct or not. Before we make a conclusion,
we need to identify first the necessary information.

Commonly Used Notations and Definitions in Hypothesis Testing

Notation Definition
𝐻𝑜 Null Hypothesis
𝐻𝑎 Alternative Hypothesis
𝛼 Significance Level (5%, 1% etc), Probability of a Type I error
𝛽 Power of a Test, Probability of a Type II error
𝑁 Population Size
𝑛 Sample Size
𝜇 Population Mean
𝜎 Population Standard Deviation
2
𝜎 Population Variance
𝑥 Sample Mean
𝑠 Sample Mean Standard Deviation
2
𝑠 Sample Variance
𝑧 z-value
𝑡 t-value
𝑐 critical value

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 Examples: Identify the parameters and other given information in the following
scenarios. Write NA if it is unknown.

1. A labor union president claims that the mean age of the employees in a
certain company is 38 with a standard deviation of 6. A random sample of
30 employees from the same company has a mean age of 36 and standard
deviation of 5. Test at 5% significance level that the mean age of the
employees is not 38.
Parameters:
Population Mean: 𝝁 = 𝟑𝟖 Population Standard Deviation: 𝝈 = 𝟔
Statistic:
Sample Mean: 𝒙 = 𝟑𝟔 Sample Standard Deviation: 𝒔 = 𝟓
Others:
Sample Size: 𝒏 = 𝟑𝟎 Significance Level: 𝜶 = 𝟓%

2. A teacher wants to find out if his teaching strategy is effective. A sample of

25 students took a 100-point examination and the average is 80 with a
standard deviation of 7. Test at 90% confidence level that the average of
the students is greater than 75 which is the standard passing score.
Parameters:
Population Mean: 𝝁 = 𝟕𝟓 Population Standard Deviation: 𝑵𝑨
Statistic:
Sample Mean: 𝒙 = 𝟖𝟎 Sample Standard Deviation: 𝒔 = 𝟕
Others:
Sample Size: 𝒏 = 𝟐𝟓 Significance Level: 𝜶 = 𝟏𝟎%

III. Accompanying DepEd Textbook and Education Sites

De Guzman, D. (2017). Statistics and Probability. C & E Publishing Inc.,
Quezon City.
Belecina, R. R. et.al. (2016). Statistics and Probability. First Edition. Rex Book
Store, Inc.
Laput, F. D. & Aguilar, K. J. L. (2020). Statistics and Probability. Quarter 4 –
Module 1: Test of Hypothesis. Alternative Delivery Mode. Department of
Education.

IV. Activity Proper

General Directions: In answering the exercises in the Learning Activity Sheet

(LAS), please be reminded not to write anything here. All answers must be
written in a separate sheet of paper. Read each problem carefully and answer
it systematically. If a solution is required, encircle your final answer.

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Exercise I. Identify the terms described by the following phrases or statement.
Choose the correct answer from the box.

______________1. A value used to describe a characteristic of the sample.

______________2. A value used to describe a characteristic of a population.
______________3. It is a parameter that considers the average of the values
concerning a variable in a population.
______________4. The number of respondents or participants used in a certain
study or research endeavor.
______________5. The probability of committing an alpha error or Type I error.

Population Mean Population Standard Deviation Statistic

Parameter Sample Size Level of Significance

Exercise II: Identify the parameters and other given information in the following
scenarios. Write NA if it is unknown.

1. According to a guidance counselor, an average student spent less than 7 hours

each day for school works. A sample of 100 students in a certain school reveals
that the mean hours spent of the students is 6.5 hours with a standard
deviation of 0.8. Determine whether the claim of the guidance counselor is
correct with 95% confidence interval.
Parameters:
Population Mean: _____ Population Standard Deviation: _____
Statistic:
Sample Mean: _____ Sample Standard Deviation: _____
Others:
Sample Size: _____ Significance Level: _____

2. A pharmaceutical company says that the efficacy rate of their medicine is 90%
and the standard deviation is 2%. A sample of 500 volunteers from a city
reveals that the efficacy rate is 88% with a standard deviation of 3%. At 1%
significance level, check the veracity of the statement of the company.
Parameters:
Population Mean: _____ Population Standard Deviation: _____
Statistic:
Sample Mean: _____ Sample Standard Deviation: _____
Others:
Sample Size: _____ Significance Level: _____

Guide Questions:
1. What is the difference between a parameter and a statistic?
2. How were you able to identify the characteristics of a population?

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V. Reflection

In answering a problem or looking for a solution, what is the first thing that
you usually do? Why is it necessary to identify the given information in a
problem?
___________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

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Exercise I
1. Statistic
2. Parameter
3. Population Mean
4. Sample Size
5. Level of Significance
Exercise II
2. 𝜇 = 90
𝜎=2
𝑥 = 88
𝑠=3
𝑛 = 500
𝛼 = 1%
1. 𝜇 = 7
𝑥 = 6.5
𝑠 = 0.8
𝑛 = 100
𝛼 = 5%
Answer Key: