12,00x0) Rept Gar diqud dllectts- ~~ ® or 0. 12.(0), May/dune-2013), [Roter: Question N 12.0) What ts corona dtscharge? Kxplaln clearly anog, ‘cathode coronas. ry a ‘Question No. 12.(b), May/June-2012and also Refer; Question No. 12,(a){Wi), November/December-2012) es Cockroft-Walton ae ae Re ret (iv operatitn wan Pe circuit is (@ unloaded and (iploaded. ‘Ans: Voltage multiplier circuit using the Cockeroft-Walton principle is shown in Figure (a): @ HY output open-circuited: 1 = 0. ‘The portion 0-n'-V(t) is 9 half-wave rectifier circuit in which C,, charges up to a Voltage of +Vimax if V(t) has reached the lowest potential C, is still uncharged, the rectifier D,, conducts increases. As the potential of point n’ swings up 0 +V may during the period T = 1/f, point nattains further on a steady potential of +2V,,q, if V(t) has reached the highest potential Of +Vimax- The part n’—n—0 is therefore a half-wave Tectifier, in which the voltage across D,,’ can be assumed to be the a.c. voltage source. The current through D,, that charged the eapacitor C, was not provided by D,’, but from V(t) and soon as Vi) various theortes that explain breg gh vote te wich ty the oat Cy and + capaci voltay vq alsotGy We assumed, therefore, that C,, was not discharged, © whieh is not correct. As we will take this into consideration for the loaded circuit, we can also assume that the voltage across: G, is not reduced if the potential no oscillates between zero. and +2Vings If the potential of n, however, is zero, the . capacitor C vis also charged to the potential of n, i.c., toe voltage of +2Vinax The next voltage oscillation of V(t) from = Vinax 10 #Vinax Will force the diode D1 to conduct, so that also C,, _ ; will be charged to a voltage of + 2Vinax- to Cockroft-Walton or GreinacherB.E/B. Teoh. Degree Examination (Mov /ay, EN ay High a w Fig. (b) Waveform of potentials atthe nodes, unloaded condition In figure (b) the steady state potentials at all nodes of the itfor zer0 load conditions, From this it ena be seen, that: the potentials at the nodes 152, R illation of V(t); » ++ 1 are oscillating due < » +s Temain constant with max On; » Do’ is Stressed with sand maximum voltage of 2nVmax-B.E/B.Tech, Dogroe Examination (Mow py, On i 2 Vine a Pog Ton _ ‘ 1 f% 7 * 26V) C , Vows by ; 1 SVo(n with oad “| i} 1 d ' . o 1 ‘ \ ' p t : ! 4 + Vem I i 1 4 i = oe 1 Mo | hr m— Fig. :(c) wy in one method of controlled tripping of impus . tors. Why is controlled tripping necessary? raGap: { “7 Gereult employing a, Figure (a), consists of be table size, an earthed ar alantende thro .