8.1. - Receptores

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ſįŝĘ ͵ϖ ŴįĥįűſťŴįŸ

ÐÈïÉ°“†“°Ðɝã +Ɇ‡Ȓ߰“†ã

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ĥťŞſįŞņīť īįŗ ſįŝĘϖ

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! V“ÜêÐߝãϖ ’ÂÐÞïãϗ ê°ÜÐã ā ܆߇ȝêßÐ㠒‡ã°“Ðã


! "°ÂêßÐã ܆ã°úÐ㠙 V"ϖ `°ÜÐ㠙 đÂêßÐãϗ ߝãÜïãê† É §ß“ïÉ“°†

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ĥťŞſįŞņīť īįŗ ſįŝĘϖ

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įŸųƄįŝĘ ĤęŸņĥť īįŗ ŴįĥįűſťŴ

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ĥŴņſįŴņťŸ īį ĥĘŗņīĘī īįŗ ŴįĥįűſťŴ

! ZÂ“ê°ú°™†™ϖ “†Ü†“°™†™ ™ Â°È°É†ß ãÏ†Âã ÜÐêÉ“°†ÂȝÉê


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`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ +ÉêßЙ°ÑÉ Ͳ


ſņűťŸ īį ŴįĥįűſťŴįŸ
ſņűťŸ īį ŴįĥįűſťŴįŸ

SЙÈÐ㠓†ã°đ“†ß ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝ㠓ÐÉ †ßߝ¨ÂÐ † ™°ãê°ÉêÐã


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! SÐß Â† §ÐßȆ ™ ã°ÉêÐɲ†
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ſņűťŸ īį ŴįĥįűſťŴįŸ

! SÐß Â† §ß“ïÉ“°† ™ ÜÐßꆙÐ߆


• :"ϗ @"ϗ ("ϗ p("ϗ e("ϗ @°“ßÐÐə†ãϜϜϜ
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ſņűťŸ īį ŴįĥįűſťŴįŸϖ ŃťŝťīņŞťŸ

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`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ `°ÜÐ㠙 ߝ“ÜêÐߝã Ͷ


ſņűťŸ īį ŴįĥįűſťŴįŸϖ ŃįſįŴťīņŞťŸ

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ſņűťŸ īį ŴįĥįűſťŴįŸϖ ŃįſįŴťīņŞťŸ

†É™†ã ãÜðß°†ã ā §ß“ïÉ“°† °È†¨Éϖ

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ `°ÜÐ㠙 ߝ“ÜêÐߝã ͮͮ


ſņűťŸ īį ŴįĥįűſťŴįŸϖ īį īťĤŗį ĥťŞƏįŴŸņŦŞ

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• ã ȇ㠓ÐÈܝ¼Ð ā “†ßÐ

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ `°ÜÐ㠙 ߝ“ÜêÐߝã ͮͯ


ŴįĥįűſťŴ īį īťĤŗį ĥťŞƏįŴŸņŦŞ ŃĘĥņĘ ĘĤĘŒť

! Z ïㆠÉ ߝ“ÜêÐߝ㠓ÐÉ ßÂ†“°ÑÉ Èïā ¨ß†É™ Éêߝ ÜÐßꆙÐ߆ ā


†É“­Ð ™ ’†É™†ϖ §ã / > Ͳͭͭͭ
! Z ­†“ ïɆ ™Ð’ “ÐÉúßã°ÑÉ ­†“°† †’†¼Ð ϯ™ÐûÉ “ÐÉúßêßϰϖ
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! §+ͮ 㝠Â°¨ ܆߆ đÂêß†ß §‡“°ÂȝÉê Â† ’†É™† °È†¨É
! ú°ê†ÈÐ㠝 ïãÐ ™ đÂêßÐã Èïā ãêߝ“­Ðã

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ `°ÜÐ㠙 ߝ“ÜêÐߝã ͮͰ


ŴįĥįűſťŴ īį īťĤŗį ĥťŞƏįŴŸņŦŞ ŃĘĥņĘ ĘŴŴņĤĘ

! Z ïㆠÉ ߝ“ÜêÐߝ㠓ÐÉ ïÉ È†ß¨É ߝ†ê°úÐ ™ ã°ÉêÐɲ† Èïā


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`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ `°ÜÐ㠙 ߝ“ÜêÐߝã ͮͱ


ĹŴįĥƄįŞĥņĘŸ ņŞſįŴĹįŴįŞſįŸ
ĹŴįĥƄįŞĥņĘŸ ņŞſįŴĹįŴįŞſįŸ

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ĹŴįĥƄįŞĥņĘŸ ņŞſįŴĹįŴįŞſįŸ

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ĹŴįĥƄįŞĥņĘŸ ņŞſįŴĹįŴįŞſįŸ

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ȆāÐß Þï Â ™ ãÏ†ÂϜ
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`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ "ߝ“ïÉ“°†ã °Éêß§ßÉêã ͮ͵


ĥĘŴſĘ īį űŴťīƄĥſťŸ ņŞſįŴĹįŴįŞſįŸ

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ "ߝ“ïÉ“°†ã °Éêß§ßÉêã ͮͶ


įŒįŝűŗťϖ ĹŴįĥƄįŞĥņĘŸ ņŞſįŴĹįŴįŞſįŸ

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ú†ÂÐߝã ÜÐß É“°È† ™ † ãÏ†Â Éêߝ ͮͭͲͭ ā ͮͳͲͭ¿(ĆϜ †Â“ï †ã ÜÐ㰒ã
§ß“ïÉ“°†ã °Éêß§ßÉêã

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įŒįŝűŗťϖ ĹŴįĥƄįŞĥņĘŸ ņŞſįŴĹįŴįŞſįŸ Ё ŸťŗƄĥņŦŞ

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įŒįŝűŗťϖ ĹŴįĥƄįŞĥņĘŸ ņŞſįŴĹįŴįŞſįŸ Ё ŸťŗƄĥņŦŞ

@Ć“†㠆ßÈÑÉ°“†ã ™ † ãÏ†Âϖ

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įŒįŝűŗťϖ ĹŴįĥƄįŞĥņĘŸ ņŞſįŴĹįŴįŞſįŸ Ё ŸťŗƄĥņŦŞ

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ "ߝ“ïÉ“°†ã °Éêß§ßÉêã ͯͰ


įŗįĥĥņŦŞ īį ŗĘ ĹŴįĥƄįŞĥņĘ ņŞſįŴŝįīņĘ
įŗįĥĥņŦŞ īį ŗĘ ĹŴįĥƄįŞĥņĘ ņŞſįŴŝįīņĘ

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™È‡ãϗ ­† ™ “ïÈÜÂ°ß Â†ã 㰨ﰝÉêã ߝãêß°““°Ðɝãϖ

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™Â Ð㓰†™Ðß É † ’†É™† "+
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`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ ““°ÑÉ ™ † §ß“ïÉ“°† °Éêßȝ™°† ͯͲ


įŗįĥĥņŦŞ īį ŗĘ ĹŴįĥƄįŞĥņĘ ņŞſįŴŝįīņĘ

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`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ S†ß‡ÈêßÐ㠙 ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝã ͯ͵


űĘŴęŝįſŴťŸϖ ŸįŗįĥſņƏņīĘī

! :† ãÂ“ê°ú°™†™ ã † “†Ü†“°™†™ ™ ãÜ†ß†ß ïɆ ãÏ†Â °Éêß§ßÉê


™ † ãÏ†Â ™ã†™†
! Z “ï†Éê°đ“† “ÐÈР† ߝ†“°ÑÉ ™ ÜÐêÉ“°† Þï ™’ ­†’ß Éêߝ
† ãÏ†Â °Éêß§ßÉê ϯSā ϰ ā † ãÏ†Â ™ã†™† ϯSã ϰ ܆߆ Þï †È’†ã
ÜßЙïƓ†É † È°ãȆ ãÏ†Â É Â ™ÈЙÐß
Sā (§ā )
Sã (§ã ) = Z(§ā − §ã ) = Z(∆§ã )
! 㠙“°ßϗ “†Â“ï†ÈÐ㠝 ɰúÂ ™ ãÏ†Â Éêߝ “†É†Â ™ã†™Ð ā ÉÐ
™ã†™Ð ϯ†™ā†“Éêϗ ¨Éß†ÂȝÉêϰ
! G’êÉÈÐã † “ïßú† ™ † ÜÐêÉ“°† ™ ãÏ†Â °Éêß§ßÉê É
§ïɓ°ÑÉ ™ ãï §ß“ïÉ“°† Ð ™ † ™°§ßÉ“°† Éêߝ † §ß“ïÉ“°† ™
† ãÏ†Â ™ã†™† ā † °Éêß§ßÉê → “ïßú† ™ ãÂ“ê°ú°™†™

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ S†ß‡ÈêßÐ㠙 ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝã ͯͶ


ŸįŗįĥſņƏņīĘī

! ß“† ™ † §ß“ïÉ“°† ™ ã°ÉêÐɲ† † ãÂ“ê°ú°™†™ † ™đɝ Â


ÜßЙï“êÐ ™ † §ïɓ°ÑÉ ™ ê߆É㧝ߝɓ°† ™ ÂÐã đÂêßÐã → ā ãïÂ
°Ȱê†ß Â đÂêßÐ ™ "+
! :¼Ð㠙 † §ß“ïÉ“°† ™ ã°ÉêÐɲ† ϯ™Ðə É êÐß²† êÉÈÐã †ã
ãÏ†Âã Þï ÉÐ †Â“†ÉĆ†É Â ™ê“êÐßϰ êÉÈÐã ÐêßÐã §ÉÑȝÉÐãϖ
• SÉê߆“°ÑÉ ™ "+ϖ 㰠† §"+ ãê‡ “ß“† ™ V"ϗ Ð ­†ā Ȇ †°ã†ȰÉêÐϗ †
§ß“ïÉ“°† ™ V" 㝠“ïÂ† É "+Ϝ
• SÉê߆“°ÑÉ É ’†É™† °È†¨É Ð ãÜðߝÐãϖ ¨Éß†ÂȝÉê ú°É ™đÉ°™Ð
ÜÐß Â† ߝãÜïãê† ™Â đÂêßÐ ™ V"
• ÂÐÞïÐ Ð ™ãÉ㰒°Â°Ć†“°ÑÉϖ ã° ­†ā ïɆ ãÏ†Â °Éêß§ßÉê ™ ú†ÂÐß Èïā
Âú†™Ð ϯïÉ ê߆ÉãÈ°ãÐß “ß“†ϰϗ ãê† §ß“ïÉ“°† ܆ㆠÂ đÂêßÐ ™ V" ā
Ü ã†êïß†ß Â †ÈÜ°𓆙Ðß ™ V" → Â ߝ“ÜêÐß Ü°ß™ ¨†É†É“°† ā Â
É°úÂ ™ ã†Â°™† 㝠ߝ™ï“

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ S†ß‡ÈêßÐ㠙 ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝã Ͱͭ


įŒįŝűŗť ͯϖ ŸįŞŸņĤņŗņīĘī īįŗ ŴįĥįűſťŴ

ÐÉ㰙ßÈÐ㠝 ȰãÈРߝ“ÜêÐß ã°ÉêÐɰƆ’ ™Â ¼ÈÜÂÐ †Éêß°Ðßϗ


ã°ÉêÐɰƆ™Ð É † ’†É™† °É§ß°Ðß ϯͳͭͭ¿(Ćϰϗ “ÐÉ ïɆ §ß“ïÉ“°† °Éêßȝ™°† ™
ͱͲͭ¿(Ćϗ ā ïÉ Ð㓰†™Ðß † ͮͭͲͭ¿(ĆϜ

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ S†ß‡ÈêßÐ㠙 ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝã Ͱͮ


įŒįŝűŗť ͯϖ ŸįŞŸņĤņŗņīĘī īįŗ ŴįĥįűſťŴ

! Z ãê°È† ïÉ É°úÂ ȲɰÈÐ ™ ãÏ†Â ™ V" † † Éê߆™† ™ Ͳͭͭµp ™ Ü°“Ð


ϯãÉ㰒°Â°™†™ϰ ܆߆ Â “Ðßߝ“êÐ §ïɓ°ÐɆȰÉêÐ ™Â ߝ“ÜêÐßϜ
!  đÂêßÐ ™ V" “ÐÉãê† ™ ïɆ ãІ ê†Ü† : “ÐÉ ïÉ †É“­Ð ™ ’†É™† † ЁͰ™
™ ͮͭͭ¿(Ć

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ S†ß‡ÈêßÐ㠙 ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝã Ͱͯ


įŒįŝűŗť ͯϖ ŸįŞŸņĤņŗņīĘī īįŗ ŴįĥįűſťŴ

!  †ÈÜ°𓆙Ðß ™ V" 객ɝ ͱͭ™ ™ ¨†É†É“°† ™ êÉ㰝ÐÉ ā É°úÂ ™


ã†êï߆“°ÐÉ † † ã†Â°™† ™ ͮp ™ Ü°“Ð
!  đÂêßÐ ™ "+ ãê‡ “Éê߆™Ð É ͱͲͭ¿(Ć ā 객ɝ ͯͭ¿(Ć ™ †É“­Ð ™ ’†É™† †
ЁͰ™ Ϝ

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ S†ß‡ÈêßÐ㠙 ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝã ͰͰ


įŒįŝűŗť ͯϖ ŸįŞŸņĤņŗņīĘī īįŗ ŴįĥįűſťŴ

! Â ÈĆ“Â†™Ðß ê°É ïÉ †°ã†ȰÉêÐ † "+ ™ ͯͭ™ ϗ ïɆ †êÉ°ÑÉ ™ ͮͲ™ †


ÈĆ“Â†ã ãÜðߝ†ã |ͯ§ͭ ± Ͱ§w | ã°É ߝ“­†ĆÐ ™ ’†É™† °È†¨É

°’= † “ïßú† ™ ãÂ“ê°ú°™†™ ā ’ÂÐÞïÐ É §ß“ïÉ“°†

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ S†ß‡ÈêßÐ㠙 ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝã Ͱͱ


űĘŴęŝįſŴťŸϖ ŴƄņīť

! :† ’†É™† ™ ßﰙР㝠†ãГ°† †Â đÂêßÐ ™ "+Ϝ `É™ßÈÐã ßﰙÐ


ÜßГ™Éê ™ † ’†É™† ™ ãÏ†Â ā ™ † ’†É™† °È†¨ÉϜ

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ S†ß‡ÈêßÐ㠙 ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝã ͰͲ


ŴƄņīťϖ ŴįĥįűſťŴ ĥťŞ ŴįĥŃĘƛť īį ĤĘŞīĘ ņŝĘľįŞ

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ S†ß‡ÈêßÐ㠙 ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝã Ͱͳ


ŴƄņīťϖ ŴįĥįűſťŴ ŸņŞ ŴįĥŃĘƛť īį ĤĘŞīĘ ņŝĘľįŞ

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ S†ß‡ÈêßÐ㠙 ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝã Ͱʹ


űĘŴęŝįſŴťŸϖ ŸįŞŸņĤņŗņīĘī ϯÜÈ°É ϰ

! A°úÂ ȲɰÈÐ ™ ãÏ†Â † † Éê߆™† ™ ïÉ ß“ÜêÐß Ü†ß† Þï É Â


™ê“êÐß ã “ïÈܝ “ÐÉ Â É°úÂ ÜÐêÉ“°† ā ߝ†“°ÑÉ ãÏ†Â † ßﰙÐ
ɝ“ã†ß°ÐãϜ ’É “ïÈÜ°ß㝠™Ð㠓Ðə°“°Ðɝãϖ
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™ ÜÐêÉ“°† ™ã†™Ð † † Éê߆™† ™Â ™ê“êÐßϖ
SÈ°É (¨) = S¨ͭ
• :°È°ê†“°ÑÉ É Â É°úÂ ™ ßﰙРÞï †“ÐÈ܆φ † † ãÏ†Â ā Þï
°ÉêßЙ Â ÜßÐܰРߝ“ÜêÐßϖ
SÈ°É (A) = (Z/A)ͭ SÉ

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ S†ß‡ÈêßÐ㠙 ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝã Ͱ͵


űĘŴęŝįſŴťŸϖ ŸįŞŸņĤņŗņīĘī ϯÜÈ°É ϰ

! S†ß† Þï †È’†ã “Ðə°“°Ðɝã 㝠ã†ê°ã§†¨†É † † úĆϗ † ãÉ㰒°Â°™†™


đɆ úÉ™ß‡ ™đÉ°™† ÜÐß Â ȆāÐß ™ ÂÐ㠙Ðã ú†ÂÐߝãϜ
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“Ðə°“°ÐɝãϜ

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ S†ß‡ÈêßÐ㠙 ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝã ͰͶ


ŸįŞŸņĤņŗņīĘīϖ įŸűįĥņĹņĥĘĥņŦŞ īį ŗĘ ŸįŞŸņĤņŗņīĘī

! ãܝ“°đ“†“°ÑÉ É êÉã°ÑÉ

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ S†ß‡ÈêßÐ㠙 ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝã ͱͭ


ŸįŞŸņĤņŗņīĘī įŞ ſįŞŸņŦŞ

! ã ê²Ü°“† ™ §ß“ïÉ“°†ã ’†¼†ã ϯ§ < ͮͭͭ@(Ćϰ


! :† °Èܝ™†É“°† ™ Éê߆™† † ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝ㠝㠆Âê† “ÐÈ܆߆™† “ÐÉ
† °Èܝ™†É“°† ™ † †ÉêÉ†
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! :Ð úÈÐã É †ÉêÉ†ã ™Â ê°ÜÐ ™°ÜÐÂÐ Ð ÈÐÉÐÜÐÂÐ ãВߝ ܆ÉÐ ™
Ȇã†

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ S†ß‡ÈêßÐ㠙 ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝã ͱͮ


ŸįŞŸņĤņŗņīĘīϖ įŸűįĥņĹņĥĘĥņŦŞ īį ŸįŞŸņĤņŗņīĘī

! ãܝ“°đ“†“°ÑÉ ™ ãÉ㰒°Â°™†™ É ÜÐêÉ“°†ϖ


• (†’†ÈÐ㠙 † ÜÐêÉ“°† ™°ãÜÐÉ°’ É † †ÉêÉ† Ð ¨Éß†™Ðß
Þï°ú†ÂÉê
• < Z > ã † ™É㰙†™ ™ Ēï¼Ð ÜÐêÉ“°† ™ † Ðə† °É“°™Éê ãВߝ †

†ÉêÉ†
:† ߝ†“°ÑÉ Éêߝ †È’†ã ãϖ
SÈ°É =< Z >È°É Þ ϗ ™Ðə Þ ã † ãïܝߧ²“° Þï°ú†ÂÉê Ð
§“ê°ú† ™ ߝ“Ü“°ÑÉ

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ S†ß‡ÈêßÐ㠙 ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝã ͱͯ


ŸįŞŸņĤņŗņīĘī įŞ űťſįŞĥņĘ

! ã ê²Ü°“† ™ §ß“ïÉ“°†ã †Âê†ã ϯ§ > ͮͭͭ@(Ćϰ


! :† °Èܝ™†É“°† ™ Éê߆™† † ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝ㠝ãê‡ †™†Üꆙ† † †
°Èܝ™†É“°† ™ † †ÉêÉ†
! :†ã ܞߙ°™†ã ÜÐß ™ã†™†Üꆓ°ÑÉ ãÐÉ ’†¼†ã
!  ßﰙРȇ㠰ÈÜÐßê†Éê ™Â ã°ãêÈ† ã Â ™’°™Ð †Â ߝ“ÜêÐß

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ S†ß‡ÈêßÐ㠙 ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝã ͱͰ


įŸűįĥņĹņĥĘĥņŦŞ īį ŸįŞŸņĤņŗņīĘī

! #Ϣ` Ё #†É†É“°† ãВߝ ßﰙÐϖ “Г°Éê Éêߝ † ¨†É†É“°† ™ †


†ÉêÉ† ā † êÈܝ߆êï߆ Þï°ú†ÂÉê ™ ßﰙР† † Éê߆™† ™Â
ߝ“ÜêÐß
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† †ÉêÉ†
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ͱπÞ
` = `† + ` #† = λͯ

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ S†ß‡ÈêßÐ㠙 ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝã ͱͱ


ľĘŞĘŞĥņĘ ŸťĤŴį ŴƄņīť

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Ēï¼Ð ™ ÜÐêÉ“°†ϗ ā ™ÜÉ™ ™ † ߝ†“°ÑÉ ãÏ†Â ßﰙРÉ Â
™ÈЙÐßϗ † ’†É™† ™ ߝ“Ü“°ÑÉ ā † ÂÐɨ°êï™ ™ Ðə† ™ †
ãÏ†Â

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ S†ß‡ÈêßÐ㠙 ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝã ͱͲ


ŝĘŴľįŞ īņŞęŝņĥť

! Z ™ÉÐȰɆ ȆߨÉ ™°É‡È°“Ð † † ߝ†“°ÑÉ Éêߝ † ÜÐêÉ“°†


ȇĀ°È† ā † ÜÐêÉ“°† ȲɰȆ ™ Éê߆™† †Â ߝ“ÜêÐß
S°,ȆĀ (Èq)
@Vv = S°,È°É (Èq)

@Vv (™ ) = S°,ȆĀ (™ È) − S°,È°É (™ È)


! :† ÜÐêÉ“°† ȲɰȆ ãê‡ ™đÉ°™† ÜÐß Â† ãÉ㰒°Â°™†™
! :† ÜÐêÉ“°† ȇĀ°È† ãê‡ Â°È°ê†™† ÜÐß ™°ãêÐß㰝ÐÉϗ ã†êï߆“°ÑÉ Ð
ȇĀ°ÈÐ É°úÂ ãܝ“°đ“†™Ð É Â ™ÈЙÐß

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ S†ß‡ÈêßÐ㠙 ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝã ͱͳ


įŗįŝįŞſťŸ īį īņŸſťŴŸņŦŞ

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ S†ß‡ÈêßÐ㠙 ÂÐã ߝ“ÜêÐߝã ͱʹ


ĥťŞſŴťŗ ĘƄſťŝęſņĥť īį ľĘŞĘŞĥņĘ ϯĥĘľϰ
ĥťŞſŴťŗ ĘƄſťŝęſņĥť īį ľĘŞĘŞĥņĘ ϯĥĘľϰ

! SßÈ°ê Â †¼ïãê ™ † ¨†É†É“°† ™ † “†™É† ߝ“ÜêÐ߆ ܆߆ Þï


ÂÐã É°úÂã ™ ÜÐêÉ“°† É † Éê߆™† ™Â ™ê“êÐß ã†É ÑÜê°ÈÐã ā
êЙÐã ÂÐ㠝ȝÉêÐã ê߆’†¼É É ĆÐɆ °ɝ†Â
! V™ï“ † ¨†É†É“°† ™ ÂÐ㠆ÈÜ°𓆙Ðߝ㠆 †ïȝÉê†ß † ÜÐêÉ“°†
ȝ™°† ™ê“ꆙ†

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ ÐÉêßРïêÐȇ갓Р™ #†É†É“°† ϯ#ϰ ͱͶ


ĥťŞſŴťŗ ĘƄſťŝęſņĥť īį ľĘŞĘŞĥņĘ

p†ß°†“°ÑÉ ™ ¨†É†É“°† “ÐÉ Â É°úÂ ™ ãÏ†Â

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ ÐÉêßРïêÐȇ갓Р™ #†É†É“°† ϯ#ϰ Ͳͭ


ĥťŞſŴťŗ ĘƄſťŝęſņĥť īį ľĘŞĘŞĥņĘ

#†É†É“°† ā ÜÐêÉ“°† ™ ã†Â°™† É §ïɓ°ÑÉ ™ † ÜÐêÉ“°† ™ Éê߆™†

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ ÐÉêßРïêÐȇ갓Р™ #†É†É“°† ϯ#ϰ Ͳͮ


ĥĘľϖ ĥņŴĥƄņſťŸ īį ĥťŞſŴťŗ īį ľĘŞĘŞĥņĘ

ÐÉêßР™ ¨†É†É“°† ÜÐß ÜІ߰Ɔ“°ÑÉ ™ †ÈÜ°𓆙Ðߝãϖ

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ ÐÉêßРïêÐȇ갓Р™ #†É†É“°† ϯ#ϰ Ͳͯ


ĥĘľϖ ĥņŴĥƄņſťŸ īį ĥťŞſŴťŗ īį ľĘŞĘŞĥņĘ

êÉÐß ™ ™°Ð™Ðã S+A “ÐÉêßІ™Ð ÜÐß êÉã°ÑÉϖ

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ ÐÉêßРïêÐȇ갓Р™ #†É†É“°† ϯ#ϰ ͲͰ


įŒįŴĥņĥņťŸ
SŴįľƄŞſĘŸϝ

`È† ͵ϖ V“ÜêÐߝãϿ ¼ß“°“°Ðã ͲͲ

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