GROUP 3 SWING DEVICE (TYPE 1)

1. STRUCTURE
Swing device consists swing motor, swing reduction gear.
Swing motor include mechanical parking valve, relief valve, make up valve and time delay valve.

Reduction gear grease

supply port (PT 1/4)
Time delay valve
Reduction gear oil
drain port (PT 1/2) Relief valve
Mu SH
SH PG
Au Dr
PG
GA GB

Oil level gauge

& oil supply port
Reduction gear A B
air bleed port (PT 1/4)
Reduction gear Swing motor

SH Port Port name Port size

PG A Main port Ø20
B Main port Ø20
Au Dr Drain port PF 1/2
Mu Make up port PF 1
PG Brake release port PF 1/4
SH Stand by port PF 1/4
Dr GA, GB Gauge port PF 1/4
Au Air vent port PF 1/4
GB GA

B(cw) Mu A(ccw)
Hydraulic circuit 21092SM01

2-54
 1) SWING MOTOR

44

DETAIL K

7 6 5 12 11 10 17 20 8 23 39 41 33 35,36 40 51

30
29
31

28
32
K
47
50
49
48

2 3 4 1 9 14 13 16 15 18 19 24 21 22 42,43 27 37,38 34 20W92SM02

1 Body 17 Brake piston 35 Time delay valve assy

2 Oil seal 18 O-ring 36 Wrench bolt
3 Roller bearing 19 O-ring 37 Plug
4 Snap ring 20 Brake spring 38 O-ring
5 Shaft 21 Rear cover 39 Plug
6 Bushing 22 Needle bearing 40 Plug
7 Stop ring 23 Pin 41 Plug
8 Pin 24 Valve plate 42 Name plate
9 Shoe plate 27 Wrench bolt 43 Rivet
10 Cylinder block 28 Plug 44 Level gauge
11 Spring 29 Back up ring 47 Plug
12 Ball guide 30 O-ring 48 O-ring
13 Set plate 31 Spring 49 O-ring
14 Piston assy 32 Check 50 Back up ring
15 Friction plate 33 Relief valve assy 51 Plug
16 Separate plate 34 Anti-inversion valve assy

2-55
2) REDUCTION GEAR

25 37 36 13 3 35 34 5 2 30 29 6 7 10 9 11 18 19 26 31

27
38

1 8 14 12 23 15 16 21 17 20 24 22 39

21092SM03

1 Casing 14 Thrust washer 26 Side plate 3

2 Drive shaft 15 Planet gear 2 27 Sun gear 1
3 Spacer 16 Pin & bushing 29 Plug
5 Roller bearing 17 Spring pin 30 Plug
6 Oil seal 18 Sun gear 2 31 Socket bolt
7 Roller bearing 19 Carrier 1 34 Cover plate
8 Thrust plate 20 Side plate 1 35 Hexagon bolt
9 Carrier 2 21 Pin 1 36 Lock plate
10 Stop ring 22 Needle cage 37 Hexagon bolt
11 Ring gear 23 Bushing 2 38 Stop ring
12 Knock pin 24 Planet gear 1 39 Side plate 2
13 Pinion gear 25 Lock washer

2-56
2. PRINCIPLE OF DRIVING
2.1 Generating the turning force
The high hydraulic supplied from a hydraulic pump flows into a cylinder block (10) through rear cover
of motor (21), and valve plate (24).
The high hydraulic is built as flowing on one side of Y-Y line connected by the upper and lower sides of
piston (14).
The high hydraulic can generate the force, F1=P×A (P : supplied pressure, A : water pressure area),
like following pictures, working on a piston.
This force, F1, is divided as N1 thrust partial pressure and W1 radial partial pressure, in case of the
plate of a tilt angle, α.
W1 generates torque, T=W1+R1, for Y-Y line connected by the upper and lower sides of the piston as
following pictures.
The sum of torque (ΣW1×R1), generated from each piston (4~5 pieces) on the side of a high
hydraulic, generates the turning force.
This torque transfers the turning force to a cylinder (10) through a piston; because a cylinder is
combined with a turning axis and spline, a turning axis rotates and a turning force is sent.

W1 Pistion
Cylinder

W1
R1
N1
O A
f1 F1 P

High Y Low
pressure pressure

21078TM05

2-57
2) MAKE UP VALVE
In the system using this type of motor, there is no counter balance functioning valve and there
happens the case of revolution exceeding hydraulic supply of motor. To prevent the cavitation
caused by insufficient oil flow there is a make up valve to fill up the oil insufficiency.
A make up valve is provided immediately before the port leading to the hydraulic oil tank to secure
feed pressure required when the hydraulic motor makes a pumping action. The boost pressure
acts on the hydraulic motor's feed port via the make up valve.
Pressurized oil into the port B, the motor rotate counterclockwise.
If the plunger of MCV moves neutral position, the oil in the motor is drain via left relief valve, the
drain oil run into motor via right make up valve, which prevent the cavitation of motor.

Relief valve

Make up check valve Make up check valve

A B

21092SM04

2-58
3) RELIEF VALVE

11 1 Body
2 Seat
10
5 3 Plunger
4 Spring
6 5 Adjusting screw
7
6 Piston
7 Bushing
8
8 Spring seat
9
9 Shim
12
10 O-ring
1 11 Back up ring
3 12 O-ring
4

2
14007A2SM05

(1) Construction of relief valve

The valve casing contains two cartridge type relief valves that stop the regular and reverse
rotations of the hydraulic motor. The relief valves relieve high pressure at start or at stop of swing
motion and can control the relief pressure in two steps, high and low, in order to insure smooth
operation.

(2) Function of relief valve

Figure illustrates how the pressure acting
on the relief valve is related to its rising P P=pressure, T=time
process. Here is given the function, Ps
referring to the figure following page.
4
P2

3
P1

T
1
2-48(2)

2-59
① Ports (P,R) at tank pressure.

A2 m h n g

A1
P

14007A2SM06

② When hydraulic oil pressure (P×A1) reaches the preset force (FSP) of spring (4), the plunger (3)
moves to the right as shown.
P1×A1=Fsp+Pg×A2

Fsp+Pg×A2
P1=
A1

4 g

P=P1

14007A2SM07

2-60
③ The oil flow chamber g via orifice m and n. When the pressure of chamber g reaches the preset
force (FSP) of spring (4), the piston (6) moves left and stop the piston (6) hits the bottom of bushing
(7).

4 m n g

P=P2

7 6
14007A2SM08

④ When piston (6) hits the bottom of bushing (7), it stops moving to the left any further. As the
result, the pressure in chamber (g) equals (Ps).
Ps×A1=Fsp+Ps×A2

Fsp
Ps=
A1-A2

P=Ps

7 6 g
14007A2SM09

2-61
4) BRAKE SYSTEM
(1) Control valve swing brake system
This is the brake system to stop the swing motion of the excavator during operation.
In this system, the hydraulic circuit is throttled by the swing control valve, and the resistance
created by this throttling works as a brake force to slow down the swing motion.

Work Deceleration Stop

A B A B A B

MCV MCV MCV

MCV A, B opened MCV A, B throttled MCV A, B closed

2-48(1)

(2) Mechanical swing parking brake system

This is function as a parking brake only when all of the RCV lever (except travel pedal) are not
operated.

① Brake assembly
Circumferential rotation of separate plate
(16) is constrained by the groove located
at housing (1). When housing is
20
pressed down by brake spring (20)
through friction plate (15), separate plate 10
(16) and brake piston (17), friction force 17
occurs there. 16
Cylinder block (10) is constrained by this 15
friction force and brake acts, while brake 1
Groove
releases when hydraulic force exceeds
spring force.

21092SM15

1 Housing 16 Separate plate

10 Cylinder block 17 Brake piston
15 Friction plate 20 Brake spring

2-62
② Operating principle
a. When one of the RCV lever (1) is set to the operation position, the each spool is shifted to left
or right and the pilot oil flow is blocked. Then the pilot oil go to SH of the time delay valve (35).
This pressure moves spool (5) to the leftward against the force of the spring(8), so pilot pump
charged oil (P3) goes to the chamber G through port PG.
This pressure is applied to move the piston (17) to the upward against the force of the spring
(20). Thus, it releases the brake force.

35

20 5

17 G SH

PG

1 RCV lever
2 Main control valve
5 Spool
8 Spring P3
17 Brake piston
20 Brake spring 2
35 Time delay valve

21092SM16

2-63
b. When all of the RCV lever (1) are set the neutral position, the spool (5) returns to right.
Then, the brake piston (17) is moved lower by spring force and the return oil from the chamber
G flows back to tank port.
At this time, the brake works.

35

20 5

17 G SH

PG

1 RCV lever
2 Main control valve
5 Spool
8 Spring P3
17 Brake piston
20 Brake spring 2
35 Time delay valve

21092SM17

2-64
 GROUP 3 SWING DEVICE (TYPE 2)

1. STRUCTURE
Swing device consists swing motor, swing reduction gear.
Swing motor include mechanical parking valve, relief valve, make up valve and time delay valve.

Reduction gear oil Time delay valve

drain port (PT 1/2)
Relief valve
MU SH
AU DR
Oil level & PG
air vent port

MA HEAVY INDUSTRIES CO.,LTD.

P A R T NO. :
MB
39Q6-11100
SERIAL NO. :

AU DR

MU

MA MB

VA VB

Oil level gauge

& oil supply port
VA VB

Reduction gear Swing motor

SH

PG AU

DR
Port Port name Port size
VA Main port Ø20
VB Main port Ø20
DR Drain port PF 1/2
MA MB MU Make up port PF 1 1/4
MU
PG Brake release port PF 1/4
SH Stand by port PF 1/4
MA, MB Gauge port PF 1/4
AU Air vent port PF 1/4

VA VB

Hydraulic circuit
2209A2SM21

2-65
 1) SWING MOTOR

3 2 11 10 1 35 19 18 22 17 21 20 29 28 39 27 26 25 38 24 41 30 40 24 38 25 26 27

4 5 7 8 9 12 13 14 15 16 6 23 28 29 37 36 38 34 32 33 31 33 32 34 38 37

2209A2SM22

1 Casing 15 Parking piston 29 O-ring

2 Oil seal 16 Brake spring 30 Relief valve assy
3 Shaft 17 Spring pin 31 Reactionless valve assy
4 Snap ring 18 O-ring 32 Plug
5 Roller bearing 19 O-ring 33 O-ring
6 Needle bearing 20 Valve plate 34 O-ring
7 Swash plate 21 Spring pin 35 Time delay valve assy
8 Cylinder block 22 O-ring 36 Level gauge
9 Spring 23 Valve casing 37 Socket bolt
10 Ball guide 24 Check valve 38 Socket bolt
11 Retainer plate 25 Spring 39 Plug
12 Piston assy 26 Plug 40 Name plate
13 Friction plate 27 O-ring 41 Rivet
14 Separate plate 28 Plug

2-66
2) REDUCTION GEAR

2 27 26 28 3 33 8 7 15 12 11 30 14 13 22 23 21 18 19 20

4 5 6 25 29 1 10 16 17 25 24 9

2209A2SM23

1 Ring gear 11 Planetary gear 2 21 Thrust washer 1

2 Drive shaft 12 Needle bearing 2 22 Carrier pin 1
3 Bearing 13 Thrust washer 2 23 Spring pin
4 Bearing 14 Carrier pin 2 24 Sun gear 1
5 Ring nut 15 Spring pin 25 Thrust plate
6 Lock plate 16 Sun gear 2 26 Sleeve
7 Hexagon bolt 17 Carrier 1 27 O-ring
8 Casing 18 Planetary gear 1 29 Parallel pin
9 Socket bolt 19 Needle bearing 1 30 Socket bolt
10 Carrier 2 20 Thrust washer 1 33 Plug

2-67
2. PRINCIPLE OF DRIVING
2.1 Generating the turning force
The high hydraulic supplied from a hydraulic pump flows into a cylinder block (8) through valve casing
of motor (23), and valve plate (20).
The high hydraulic is built as flowing on one side of Y-Y line connected by the upper and lower sides of
piston (12).
The high hydraulic can generate the force, F1=P×A (P : supplied pressure, A : water pressure area),
like following pictures, working on a piston.
This force, F1, is divided as N1 thrust partial pressure and W1 radial partial pressure, in case of the
plate of a tilt angle, α.
W1 generates torque, T=W1+R1, for Y-Y line connected by the upper and lower sides of the piston as
following pictures.
The sum of torque (ΣW1×R1), generated from each piston (4~5 pieces) on the side of a high
hydraulic, generates the turning force.
This torque transfers the turning force to a cylinder (8) through a piston; because a cylinder is
combined with a turning axis and spline, a turning axis rotates and a turning force is sent.

W1 Pistion
Cylinder

W1
R1
N1
O A
f1 F1 P

High Y Low
pressure pressure

21078TM05

2-68
2) MAKE UP VALVE
In the system using this type of motor, there is no counter balance functioning valve and there
happens the case of revolution exceeding hydraulic supply of motor. To prevent the cavitation
caused by insufficient oil flow there is a make up valve to fill up the oil insufficiency.
A make up valve is provided immediately before the port leading to the hydraulic oil tank to secure
feed pressure required when the hydraulic motor makes a pumping action. The boost pressure
acts on the hydraulic motor's feed port via the make up valve.
Pressurized oil into the port B, the motor rotate counterclockwise.
If the plunger of MCV moves neutral position, the oil in the motor is drain via left relief valve, the
drain oil run into motor via right make up valve, which prevent the cavitation of motor.

Relief valve

Make up check valve Make up check valve

A B

21092SM04

2-69
3) RELIEF VALVE

1 Sleeve
10 2 Poppet
9
3 Poppet seat
6 4 Spring
8 5 Spring seat
1
6 Shim
5 7 Piston
9 8 Stopper
11 9 Plug
10 O-ring
2 11 O-ring
4

3
2209A2SM25

(1) Construction of relief valve

The valve casing contains two cartridge type relief valves that stop the regular and reverse
rotations of the hydraulic motor. The relief valves relieve high pressure at start or at stop of swing
motion and can control the relief pressure in two steps, high and low, in order to insure smooth
operation.

(2) Function of relief valve

Figure illustrates how the pressure acting
on the relief valve is related to its rising P P=pressure, T=time
process. Here is given the function, Ps
referring to the figure following page.
4
P2

3
P1

T
1
2-48(2)

2-70
① Ports (P,R) at tank pressure.

A2 m h n g

A1
P

2209A2SM26

② When hydraulic oil pressure (P×A1) reaches the preset force (FSP) of spring (4), the plunger (2)
moves to the right as shown.
P1×A1=Fsp+Pg×A2

Fsp+Pg×A2
P1=
A1

4 g

P=P1

2209A2SM27

2-71
③ The oil flow chamber g via orifice m and n. When the pressure of chamber g reaches the preset
force (FSP) of spring (4), the piston (7) moves left and stop the piston (7) hits the bottom of bushing
(8).

4 m n g

P=P2

8 7
2209A2SM28

④ When piston (7) hits the bottom of bushing (8), it stops moving to the left any further. As the
result, the pressure in chamber (g) equals (Ps).
Ps×A1=Fsp+Ps×A2

Fsp
Ps=
A1-A2

P=Ps

8 7 g
2209A2SM29

2-72
4) BRAKE SYSTEM
(1) Control valve swing brake system
This is the brake system to stop the swing motion of the excavator during operation.
In this system, the hydraulic circuit is throttled by the swing control valve, and the resistance
created by this throttling works as a brake force to slow down the swing motion.

Work Deceleration Stop

A B A B A B

MCV MCV MCV

MCV A, B opened MCV A, B throttled MCV A, B closed

2-48(1)

(2) Mechanical swing parking brake system

This is function as a parking brake only when all of the RCV lever (except travel pedal) are not
operated.

① Brake assembly
Circumferential rotation of separate plate
(14) is constrained by the groove located
at casing (1). When housing is pressed
16
down by brake spring (16) through
friction plate (13), separate plate (14) 8
and parking piston (15), friction force 15
occurs there. 14
Cylinder block (8) is constrained by this 13
friction force and brake acts, while brake 1
Groove
releases when hydraulic force exceeds
spring force.

2209A2SM35

1 Casing 14 Separate plate

8 Cylinder block 15 Parking piston
13 Friction plate 16 Brake spring

2-73
② Operating principle
a. When one of the RCV lever (1) is set to the operation position, the each spool is shifted to left
or right and the pilot oil flow is blocked. Then the pilot oil go to SH of the time delay valve (35).
This pressure moves spool (5) to the leftward against the force of the spring(8), so pilot pump
charged oil (P3) goes to the chamber G through port PG.
This pressure is applied to move the parking piston (15) to the upward against the force of the
brake spring (16). Thus, it releases the brake force.

35

16 5

15 G SH

PG

1 RCV lever
2 Main control valve
5 Spool
8 Spring P3
15 Parking piston
16 Brake spring 2
35 Time delay valve

2209A2SM36

2-74
b. When all of the RCV lever (1) are set the neutral position, the spool (5) returns to right.
Then, the parking piston (15) is moved lower by spring force and the return oil from the
chamber G flows back to tank port.
At this time, the brake works.

35

16 5

15 G SH

PG

1 RCV lever
2 Main control valve
5 Spool
8 Spring P3
15 Parking piston
16 Brake spring 2
35 Time delay valve

2209A2SM37

2-75