International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)

Volume 8, Issue 4, April 2017, pp. 816-822, Article ID: IJCIET_08_04_095

Available online at http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJCIET?Volume=8&Issue=4
ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316

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A REVIEW ON THE SERVICES TO BE

PROVIDED IN A MULTISPECIALTY HOSPITAL
BUILDING
Habib Mohamed H
Post Graduate, Department of Civil Engineering, SRM University, Chennai, India

Jaishree D
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, SRM University, Chennai, India

ABSTRACT
The effective functioning of every locale community around the world depends on
the extent of health care facilities available. Hospital services work at a continuous
rate every day all over the year, but only with an effective infrastructure facility
ensuring effective hospitality services to the people within. With the rate of utilizing
the hospital services increases at a faster rate every day, the building structure and
facilited should comfort the people rather making it difficult for them. In order to
avail such life saving services proper infrastructure facilities needs to be developed.
The purpose of this paper is to study the facilities and services to be provided in
multi-specialty hospitals and conduct a comparative study with the existing multi-
specialty hospital building situated in Chennai by preparing a checklist for the list of
basic amenities that has to be provided. National standard codes are referred for the
design of the multi-specialty hospital building. The study includes the emergency exit
system of the hospital building in case of any emergency, the fire alarm system and
equipments for safety. Suggestions are given for the rectification of the emergency
exit system. The study will help to improve the facilities and services to be provided in
a existing hospital building and provides suggestions on rectification when compared
as per national codes to improve further in future to provide better service to the
people in the community.
Key words: Hospital services, Infrastructure, Safety.
Cite this Article: Habib Mohamed H and Jaishree D, A Review on the Services to be
Provided in a Multispecialty Hospital Building. International Journal of Civil
Engineering and Technology, 8(4), 2017, pp. 816-822.
http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJCIET?Volume=8&Issue=4

1. INTRODUCTION
Hospital management is composed of various elements such as infrastructure, human
recourses, data system and financial system. It is a major concern for the hospital to be
hazardous free and energy efficient to provide a good service. The hazardous free nature can

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 A Review on the Services to be Provided in a Multispecialty Hospital Building

be identified by major factors such as location of the hospital, climatic conditions, emergency
exit system of the building etc. In India the hospital development can be classified into three
divisions such a primary division, secondary division, tertiary division. The hospital building
should serve the need of the people in the locality. The locality development depends mainly
on the better medical service provided in the locality.
The design of hospital exit is studied and the flaws in the existing system is analysed and
rectifications are suggested to improve the emergency exit system in the hospital building.
The poor designed hospital services leads to the disasters in the society. People get affected
by collapse of building or fire etc and become victims in the disaster. This paper reports the
current facilities and services rendered in multi specialty hospitals in Chennai, India and are
analysed comparatively with provision of suitable suggestion and remedies.

2. LITERATURE STUDY
Aditya et.al., (2013), studied emergency preparedness and created safety measures and check
list and formulated standard operating procedures to improve the evacuation system in case
of fire or any other disaster. Ravi (2013), created safety precautions in most occurring
disaster in hospital and focused on fire safety in hospitals and done a survey on most
commonly occurred accidents and disasters in the hospital locality and the cause of disaster
and provided suggestions for improving the safety of the hospital building. Marikkani (2012),
details the priority for sustainable development and importance of private sectors, their
service and quality. The study recommended plan for better health care facility and described
the related co-operative functioning of both government sectors and private sectors for the
better service in rural areas. Ramanathan et.al., (2015), defined the proper locality, facilities
and permits to be taken for a hospital building and plan for infrastructure design. This study
focused on the importance of the surrounding of the hospital building and the climatic
changes that affects the nature of the building such as reduced noise and air pollution that
affects the patients in the hospital building by framing basic consideration before
construction of a hospital building. Ramani (2006), studied about availability, accessibility,
affordability, equity, and efficiency of services and reviews the impact of reforms on
infrastructure for better service to the poor. The basic infrastructure to be provided in a multi
specialty hospital building and aspect ratio of rooms and laboratories to be provided in a
multi specialty hospital was monitored. Sanjay (2016), mentioned the key factors for the
cause of fire such as poor planning, regulation in a hospital and suggested preventive measure
and safety precautions. Vardeep et.al.,(2015), mentioned the impact of climatic change on
hospital building and construction of green building considering the local conditions and
growing customer expectations and provided preventive suggestions to improve the safety of
the hospital building and given suggestions for maintaining quality and safety in the hospital
building.

3. METHODOLOGY
The Fig 1 shows the project direction from the literature review to the conclusion of the
project. It defines each and every step of the project.

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 Habib Mohamed H and Jaishree D

LITERATURE REVIEW

STUDY ABOUT MULTISPECIALITY IDENTIFYING THE DEFECTS IN THE

HOSPITAL-FACILITIES AND AMENITIES HOSPITAL

STUDY ABOUT ENERGY EFFICIENCY STUDY ABOUT THE EMERGENCY EXIT

AND EMERGENCY EXIT SYSTEM SYSTEM OF THE BUILDING

PREPARATION OF CHECKLIST BASED ON BASIC AMENITIES

Figure 1 Flow Chart for Methodology

4. DATA COLLECTION
Case Study: Basic Amenities in a Multi-Specialty Hospital, India
The hospital facilities and the building services provided for the people within are analysed
by collecting data through real time case study scenarios and the current available features
are recorded and documented.

Case Study 1: SRM Hospitals, Potheri, Chennai, India

This case study study considers the hospital services at SRM Hospitals located in Potheri,
Chennai. This hospital renders all basic amenities and services to the in patients and people
within the structure. The elevators and the ramps within the structure within tends to be quite
difficult for the people rendering those services. The suggestions are recommended in the
following sections along with the medical services provided.

Case Study 2: Lakshya Hospitals, Adyar, Chennai, India

The services and the infrastructure facilities of Lakshya Hospitals located in Chennai are
considered. The basic design is carried out as per design standards of hospital design and
services. Suggestions are provided for the defects identified along the building services inside
the building.

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 A Review on the Services to be Provided in a Multispecialty Hospital Building

4.1. Elevators
The main objective of a well equipped hospital deign is to describe a well designed cab
elevators, which disabled victims to use for their comfort. Sufficient space should be
provided inside the elevator. Buttons switches, and control panels are kept in reachable
heights. Broad entrance and sufficient time interval should be given for elevator entrance or
door so that its preventive in case of emergency.

4.1.1. Elevator
The minimum internal elevator cab dimensions, allowing for one wheelchair passenger alone
are 1.50 m x 1.80 m. The door opening should not be lesser than .85 m. Elevator cab should
have a handrail on three sides mounted .83 m to .88 m from the floor. The maximum
provided tolerance for stop resentence should be 20mm.

4.1.2. Panel Board

The control panel board has be placed at one of the alternative sides. Control panel should be
mounted .80m to 1.00 m from the floor for making it easily reachable. Control buttons should
be in an accessible location and illuminated. Their diameter should be no smaller than 25
mm. The level indicators of the floor selector buttons should be embedded so that it should to
be easily reachable by touch for the disabled.

4.1.3. Call Buttons

Call buttons should be placed 0.95 m to 1.25 m for ease of use from the floor. Numerical
should be placed on both the sides of the door jambs at an height distanvw of 1.60 m to help a
lone sightless patient to identify the level reached. The elevator hall signal should be placed
at an approximate height of 1.85 m. The cab should signal arrival at each level by means of a
sound and a digital display to alert for people who cannot see and hearing-impaired patients.
The door opening interval should not be less than five seconds. Re-opening activators should
be provided.

4.1.4. Surface of Floor and Color

The area of the elevator on each floor should have a non skid resilient surface or a low mass-
pile carpet. The color of the elevator door should be contrast with the surrounding surface so
as to be easily distinguishable by person with visual impairments and other disabled people.

4.2. RAMPS
Ramps are structures that play a major role in hospital buildings for passage of disabled
people from one floor to other. The design of ramp is very important as the slope should be
provided as per standards. The max recommended design for slope of ramps is 1:30. Steeper
slopes may be allowed in some special cases depending on the length of the ramp. The table
1 shows the maximum slope and dimensions. An exterior location is preferred for ramps.
Indoor ramps are not recommended because they occupy more amount of space. the ramp
entrance should be always designed to be placed adjacent to the stair wall.

4.3. Landings Rails

Design of ramps includes the design of landings that helps the people for resting and to avoid
more speed. the interval between each landings should be minimum 9m at every deviation of
every ramp. the required minimum length for safe landing should be 1.22m and width should
be equal to the ramp.

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 Habib Mohamed H and Jaishree D

4.3.1. Handrails
A safe handrail should be placed minimum 0.45m high along the complete length run of the
ramp. If the design of the ramp exceeds 3.5m then are immediate handrail should be installed.
The span between each handrails should be between 0.85m to 1.60m

4.4. Platform Lift

Platform lifts are provided in hospital buildings to provide stability to the people who are
disabled to have service between every floor of the building.

4.4.1. Primary Movement Lift

If the floor level is of 1.8 - 3.2 m then primary movement lift can be installed near the stairs.
If the floor level is more than 1.55 m the lift may be placed in closed designed cabs attached
with doors at different level. This type of lift can have entry and exit according to the design
procedures.

4.4.2. Secondary Movement Lifts

This type of lifts are usually designed near the stair wall up to the length were any obstruction
a raises. When not in use the seats can be folded. The minimum design width can be 0.85 m
for design of lift. Secondary lift can be designed on all model of stairs and other places.

4.5. Medical Services

• OPD & IPD
• Skin
• Pediatric
• Cardiology
• Endoscopic
• Phychatry
• Physiotherapy
• Surgical Facilities
• Hernia
• Breast Procedures
• Abdomen
• Pancreas
• Appendix
• Liver
• Small Intestine
• Plastic Surgery
• Biliary System
• Dressing Procedures
• Chemotherapy
• Eye Procedures

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 A Review on the Services to be Provided in a Multispecialty Hospital Building

• Dialysis
• Blood Transmission
• ENT
• Research Labs
• Emergency Procedures
• General Ward Services
• Therapeutic Procedures
• General Medical Services

4.6. Indian Standards for Hospital Building Planning

• Reception -IS3499:1993
• Nursing Services -IS3831:1971
• Ambulance Care Area -IS175:1989
• Dispensary -IS1474:1959
• Dental -IS6846:1972
• Clicinical Lab -IS3740:1966
• Blood Bank -IS3831:1985
• Critical Care Area -IS3498:1993
• Operation suite -IS3994:1993
• Hospital support -IS3546:1966
• Sterile supply -IS4768:1981
• Postural process -IS5796:1970
• Morturary -IS7036:1982
• Stores -IS7070:1988
• House keeping -IS3312:1984
• Administration -IS3499:1985

5. CONCLUSION
The basic amenities to be provided in a multi specialty hospital building is studied through
literatures related to hospital study. The general .flaws that occurs in a hospital building is
studied. The project helps in improving the knowledge about hospital building and helps in
the betterment of the hospital and service to the people in the community. The emergency
exit system framed will help in evacuation of people in case of any emergency such as fire
etc.

REFERENCES
[1] Anupama S. and Harshad T. (2014), ‘Institutionalizing patient safety culture: A Strategic
Priority for healthcare in India’, Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) e-
ISSN: 2279-0853. Volume 13, Issue 1 Ver. IV, PP 62-68.

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 Habib Mohamed H and Jaishree D

[2] Marikkani (2012), ‘Rural health care facilities an assessment- A Case Study’, Journal of
research thoughts, ISSN No-2231-5063, Vol.1, Issue PP.1-4.
[3] IS 12433: 2001, ‘Basic Requirements for hospital planning’, Bureau of Indian Standards,
New Delhi 110002.
[4] Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) (2007), ‘Provisions for 101 to 200 bedded District
Hospitals’, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, government of India, New Delhi.
[5] Sanjay N. (2012), ‘Indian Journal Of Medical Ethics’, Journal of the forum for Medical
Ethics Society, ISSN: 0975-5691, Vol.9
[6] Martin (1993), ‘Resolving the Casualty Evacuation Conflict’, Journal of science direct,
Vol. 24, Issue8.
[7] Gayathri V, Patil and Kamala P (2004), ‘Biomedical Solid Waste Management in an
Indian Hospital: A Case Study’, Journal of Healthcare Waste Management.
[8] Brig A.C., Maj A.S., Brig M.B., Surg C.K.C. and Subrata R. (2015), ‘A study of
assessment of patients safety climate in tertiary care hospitals’, Journal of Science Direct.

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