A Detailed Lesson Plan in Mathematics in the Modern World

I. OBJECTIVES

a. Analyze information of the hypothesis testing.

b. State the null and alternative hypothesis.
c. Determine the test proportions using z test.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

a. Topic: Test of Hypothesis
b. References: William M. Mendenhall, T. L. (2016). STATISTICS for
Engineering and the Science. United States: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
c. Materials: Laptop, Power point
d. Teaching Strategies: Plan and Organize Thoughtfully.

III. Procedure
TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENT’S ACTIVITY
A. DAILY ROUTINE

B. REVIEW
Before we proceed to our new topic for
today, we will have a review.
Can you still remember your topic last
meeting?

Yes, Cris? Our topic last meeting is all about

statistical intervals
Very Good!
Well done

C. MOTIVATION
Before we start our lesson today let’s
play some game first. I will present you
some numbers with different questions
and you will pick one out of it and if you
answer it, you will be having plus points
on our next activities don’t worry you
won't make any mistakes because the
questions are too easy for you.
Are you ready? Yes, sir!
D. DISCUSSION

Let’s proceed to our 1 st topic for today (Student listen attentively)

which is hypothesis testing and we have
two competing statistical hypotheses
which are null hypothesis and alternative
hypothesis.
Hypothesis is an assumption or
conjecture about a population parameter
which may or may not be true

Null hypothesis is denoted by H o.

Alternative hypothesis is denoted by H o
or H 1.

Also, after determining which are the

null and alternative hypothesis, we must
know also what kind of hypothesis testing
is it and we have

For example:
1. the average age of bus drivers in
Bulacan is 38.8 years.
Ho: μ=38.8
Ha: μ ≠38.8

What kind of test is this? Two tailed test

2. The average number of calories of low- Ho: μ=300 calories

calorie meal is at most 300. What is our Ha: μ<300 calories
null and alternative?
What kind of test is this? Left tailed test

Very good!

3. The school record claims that the

mean score in Math of the incoming
Grade 11 students is 8.1. The teacher
wishes to find out if the claim is true. She
test if there is significant difference
between the batch mean score and the
mean score of students in her class
Ho: The mean score of the incoming
Grade 11 students is 81 Ho: μ=81
Ha: The mean score of the incoming Ha: μ ≠ 81
Grade 11 students is not 81
What kind of test is this?
Two tailed test
Very Good!

Also the shaded region is called

rejection region or critical region and the
other one is acceptance region or not
rejection region. Meaning if our computed
value is inside the rejection region, we
automatically reject the hypothesis and
this will be the guide for us to know if we
are going to reject the null hypothesis or
not
Do you understand?
Yes, sir!
Let’s have an example:

A printer manufacturing company claims

that its new ink-efficient printer can print
an average of 1500 pages of world
documents with standard deviation of 60.
Thirty-five of these printers showed a
mean of 1475 pages. Does this support
the company’s claim? α =0.05

Data: x́=1475 σ =60 n=35

Step 1: State the hypotheses and identify

the claim

Ho: μ=1500 pages

Ha: μ ≠1500 pages

Step 2: Find the critical values.

(Two tailed test) Z= 1.96

Step 3: Compute the test value

x́−μ
z=
σ
√n
 1475−1500
z=
10.14

z=−2.465

Step 4: make the decision

The absolute value of the computed z-

value is greater than the absolute of the
critical z value at α =.05 therefore, we
reject the null hypothesis

Step 5: conclusion

There is a sufficient evidence to deny the

company’s claim.

Do you follow?
Yes, sir!

Example 2:
According to a study conducted by the
Grade 12 students, ₱155 is the average
monthly expense for cell phone loads of
high school students in their province. A
statistics student claims that this amount
has increased since January of this year.
Do you think his claim is acceptable if a
random sample of 50 students has an
average monthly expense of ₱165 for cell
phone loads? α =0.05 , assume that a
population standard deviation is ₱52.

Data: x́=165 σ =52 n=50 μ=155

Step 1: State the hypotheses and identify

the claim Ho: μ=155
Ha: μ>155

Step 2: Find the critical values.

 (right tailed) Z= 1.645
Step 3: Compute the test value

x́−μ
z=
σ
√n

165−155
z=
7.35
Step 4: make the decision
z=1.360

The z-computed value is 1.360 and it lies

within the non-rejection region, so we fail
to reject the null hypothesis

Step 5: conclusion

Therefore, there is not enough evidence

to support the claim that the average
monthly expenses for cell phone loads is
more than ₱155. This result is significant
at α =0.05 level.
DO you understand?

Example 3: Yes, Sir!

A test on car braking reaction times for
men between 18 and 30 years old have
product a mean and standard deviation of
0.610 sec and 0.123 sec, respectively.
When 40 male drivers of this age group
were randomly selected and tested for
their breaking reaction times, a mean of
0.587 second came out. At α =0 .10, test
the claim of the driving instructor that his
graduates had faster reaction times.
Step 1: State the hypotheses and identify
the claim
Ho: μ=0.610
Ha: μ<0.610
Step 2: Find the critical values.

(left tailed) Z= -1.28

Step 3: Compute the test value

x́−μ
z=
σ
√n

0.587−0.610
z=
0.019
Step 4: make the decision
z=−1.183

The z-computed value is -1.183 and it lies

within the non-rejection region, so we fail
to reject the null hypothesis

Step 5: conclusion

There is not enough evidence to support

So, let’s move on to another topic which the instructor’s claim
is test of population proportion and on this
topic our hypothesis is different from the
other one because here our null and
alternative is written like this;
Ho: p= p o
And the formula on this one is
x
^p=
n

p^ −p
Z=
p (1− p)
√ n
Where:
x = number of units that possess the
characteristic of interest
n = sample size

for example1:
a sample of 120 students is randomly
selected from Masayain High school and
21 of them said they are left-handed. Test
the hypothesis that less than 22% of the
students are left-handed by using α =0. 05

Data: x = 21 p=0.22 n=120

Step 1: State the hypotheses and identify

the claim

Ho: p=0.22
Ha: p<0. 22

Step 2: Find the critical values.

(left tailed) Z= -1.645

Step 3: Compute the test value

x
^p=
n
21
^p=
120
^p=0.175

p^ −p
Z=
p (1− p)
√ n

0.175−0.22
Z= ¿
√ 0.22(.78)¿
120
z=−1.190

Step 4: make the decision

Since the computed test statistics Z=
-1.190 is greater than the critical value or
it false in the acceptance region fail to
reject the hypothesis

Step 5: conclusion
Therefore, we conclude that at 0.05 level
of significance, there enough evidence
that less than 22% of the students are
left-handed.

Example 2:

A politician claims that she will receive

60% of the votes in the upcoming
election, of a random sample of 200
voters, there were 100 who will surely
vote for her. Test the politician’s assertion
at α =0.05.

Data: x = 100 p=0.60 n=200

Step 1: State the hypotheses and identify

the claim Ho: p=0.60
Ha: p ≠ 0.60

Step 2: Find the critical values.

(two tailed) Z= ± 1.960

Step 3: Compute the test value

x
^p=
n
100
^p=
200
^p=0.5
 p^ −p
Z=
p (1− p)
√ n

0.5−0.60
Z=
0.60(.40)

Step 4: make the decision

√ 200
z=−2.887

Since the computed test statistics Z=

-2.887 is less than the critical value or it
falls in the rejection region, reject the null
hypothesis

Step 5: conclusion
Therefore, we conclude that at 0.05 level
of significance, there enough evidence
that a politician will receive 60% of the
votes in the upcoming election.
Do you follow?
Yes, sir!
Example 3:
A research states that 28% of college
degrees are from engineering courses. A
research doesn’t believe that this is
correct. A sample of 500 graduates was
used and it was found out that
95happiness engineering courses. Test
the claim if it has increased at α =0. 10.

Data: x = 95 p=0.28 n=500

Step 1: State the hypotheses and identify

the claim Ho: p=0.28
Ha: p>0.28
Step 2: Find the critical values.
(right tailed) Z= 1.28

Step 3: Compute the test value

x
^p=
n
95
^p=
500
^p=0.19

p^ −p
Z=
p (1− p)
√ n

0.19−0.28
Z=
0.28(.72)

Step 4: make the decision

√500
z=−4.482

Since the computed test statistics Z=

--4.482 is less than the critical value or it
falls in the acceptance region fail to reject
the hypothesis

Step 5: conclusion
Therefore, we conclude that at 010 level
of significance, there enough evidence
that the proportion of college graduates
who finished engineering courses has
increased to 28%
Any question?
E. APPLICATION
None, sir!
G. GENERALIZATION
What you have learned in today’s
lesson?
I have learned how to determine the null
 and alternative hypothesis of a given
statement and how to calculate the given
variance also the proportion of the
Very good! population

Is there any question?

None, sir!

IV. EVALUATION
V. ASSIGNMENT
Have an advance study about the statistical inference of two samples

Prepared by:
Christian Philip S.A Lendio