Resume of Baqr Sadr

Umron Khoiri
20190430075

Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr also known as al-Shahīd al-Khāmis, was an Iraqi Shia, philosopher,
and the ideological founder of the Islamic Dawa Party, born in al-Kadhimiya, Iraq. He was
father-in-law to Muqtada al-Sadr, a cousin of Muhammad Sadeq al-Sadr and Imam Musa as-
Sadr. His father Haydar al-Sadr was a well-respected high-ranking Shi'a cleric. His lineage can
be traced back to Muhammad through the seventh Shia Imam Musa al-Kazim. Muhammad Baqir
al-Sadr was executed in 1980 by the regime of Saddam Hussein along with his sister, Amina
Sadr bint al-Huda.
Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr was born in al-Kazimiya, Iraq to the prominent Sadr family, which
originated from Jabal Amel in Lebanon. His father died in 1937, leaving the family destitute. In
1945, the family moved to the holy city of Najaf, where al-Sadr would spend the rest of his life.
He was a child prodigy who, at 10, was delivering lectures on Islamic history. At eleven, he was
a student of logic. He wrote a book refuting materialistic philosophy when he was 24. Al-Sadr
completed his religious studies at religious seminaries under al-Khoei and Muhsin al-Hakim, and
began teaching at the age of 25.
Al-Sadr's works attracted the ire of the Baath Party leading to repeated imprisonment where he
was often tortured. Despite this, he continued his work after being released. When the Baathists
arrested Ayatollah Al-Sadr in 1977, his sister Amina Sadr bint al-Huda made a speech in the
Imam Ali mosque in Najaf inviting the people to demonstrate. Many demonstrations were held,
forcing the Baathists to release Al-Sadr who was placed under house arrest.
Baqir al-Sadr was finally arrested on April 5, 1980 with his sister, Sayyidah Bint al-Huda. They
had formed a powerful militant movement in opposition to Saddam Hussein's regime.
The works by Baqir al-Sadr contains traditional Shia thoughts, while they also suggest ways Shia
could "accommodate modernity". The two major works by him are Iqtisaduna on Islamic
economics, and Falsafatuna (Our Philosophy). They were detailed critiques of Marxism that
presented his early ideas on an alternative Islamic form of government. They were critiques of
both socialism and capitalism